| Names | G1 |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Indian Human Spaceflight Programme technology demonstration |
| Operator | ISRO |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Gaganyaan |
| Manufacturer | Hindustan Aeronautics Limited |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | July 2024 |
| Rocket | HLVM3 |
| Launch site | Satish Dhawan Space Centre |
| Contractor | ISRO |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
Gaganyaan-1 (from Sanskrit: gagana, "celestial" and yāna, "craft, vehicle") will be the first uncrewed test flight of the Gaganyaan programme, with launch planned for July 2024.[1]
The launch was originally scheduled for December 2020,[2] then in December 2021,[3] but it was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[2] The flight plan was finally ready by April 2022[4] and the launch is expected to take place in July 2024,[1] after the TV-D1, TV-D2, TV-D3 and TV-D4.[5] It was proposed in April 2022 that the crew module should be depressurized,[6] something kept in the final planning.[7]
The first orbiter module adaptor assembly (OMA) was supplied by Kineco Kaman Composites on 23 December 2023. The OMA is a conical structure with a diameter of 4 meters, composed of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers. It is combined with the equipment bay shroud and crew escape module.[8] With the successful qualification of the rocket's engines in February 2024,[9] the mission was scheduled to July 2024.[1]
The Gaganyaan spacecraft will be launched by a Human-rated LVM 3 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre and inserted into a 170 x 408 km orbit.[10] The circularisation maneuver will be performed at the third orbit. The landing should follow the same pattern as the TV-D1.[4][11]
After this mission, ISRO will perform four more abort tests before launching Gaganyaan 2,[5] carrying the humanoid robot Vyommitra,[12] which was later decided that it will also fly on G-1.[13]
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