Genomoviridae is a family of single stranded DNA viruses that mainly infect fungi.[1] The genomes of this family are small (2.2–2.4 kilobases in length). The genomes are circular single-stranded DNA and encode rolling-circle replication initiation proteins (Rep) and unique capsid proteins. In Rep-based phylogenies, genomoviruses form a sister clade to plant viruses of the family Geminiviridae.[2][3] Ten genera are recognized in this family.[4][5]
The family name is an acronym derived from geminivirus-like, nomovement protein.[2]
The genus name Gemycircularvirus stands for Gemini-like myco-infecting circular virus.[6][7] The type species of the genus Gemycircularvirus — Sclerotinia gemycircularvirus 1, reference strain Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirulence associated DNA virus 1 (ssHADV-1), — was the first cultivated member of the family.[2][5] Most other genomoviruses are uncultivated and have been discovered using metagenomics techniques, although more genomoviruses are being isolated as interest grows.[1][3][8]
[edit]Genome map of ssHADV-1, species Sclerotinia gemycircularvirus 1
These viruses have circular single-stranded genomes of 2.1–2.2 kilobases in length. All but one genomovirids contain monopartite genomes, whereas the genome of Fusarium graminearum gemytripvirus 1 (genus Gemytripvirus) consists of three segments.[1] The monopartite genomes encode two proteins—a Rep (replicator) and a CP (capsid) protein. The Rep protein is most closely similar to the Rep protein of the Geminiviridae. In contrast, the CP protein has no known homologues.[citation needed]
