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Find sources: "Himawari" satellites – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2014) |
The Himawari (ひまわり, “sunflower”) geostationary satellites, operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), support weather forecasting, tropical cyclone tracking, and meteorology research. Most meteorological agencies in East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia and New Zealand use the satellites for their own weather monitoring and forecasting operations.
Originally also named Geostationary Meteorological Satellites (GMS),[1] since the launch of GMS-1 (Himawari 1) in 1977, there have been three generations, including GMS, MTSAT, and Himawari 8/9. Himawari 8/9 satellites are currently available for operational use.
| Name | Launch date (UTC) |
Retirement | Rocket | Launch site |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GMS-1 [ja; pt] (Himawari 1) | 14 Jul 1977 | 30 Jun 1989 | Delta 2914 | Cape Canaveral |
| GMS-2 [ja; pt] (Himawari 2) | 11 Aug 1981 | 20 Nov 1987 | N-II (N8F) | Tanegashima |
| GMS-3 [ja; pt] (Himawari 3) | 3 Aug 1984 | 23 Jun 1995 | N-II (N13F) | Tanegashima |
| GMS-4 [ja; pt] (Himawari 4) | 6 Sep 1989 | 24 Feb 2000 | H-I (H20F) | Tanegashima |
| GMS-5 [ja; pt] (Himawari 5) | 18 Mar 1995 | 21 Jul 2005 | H-II (F3) | Tanegashima |
| MTSAT-1 (Mirai 1) | 15 Nov 1999 | Launch failure | H-II (F8) | Tanegashima |
| GOES-9 (Pacific GOES) [2] | 23 May 1995 | 14 Jun 2007 | Atlas I (AC-77) | Cape Canaveral |
| MTSAT-1R (Himawari 6) | 26 Feb 2005 | 4 Dec 2015 | H-IIA (F7) | Tanegashima |
| MTSAT-2 (Himawari 7) | 18 Feb 2006 | 10 Mar 2017 | H-IIA (F9) | Tanegashima |
| Himawari 8 | 7 Oct 2014 | Stand-by | H-IIA (F25) | Tanegashima |
| Himawari 9 | 2 Nov 2016 | Operational | H-IIA (F31) | Tanegashima |
| Himawari 10 | 2028 | 2045[3] | H3 | TBD |
In March 2023, Mitsubishi Electric announced that they had won the contract to built Himawari 10.[4] Himawari 10 is scheduled to be launched in 2028.[5]
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Japanese weather satellites (Himawari)
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