Giorgio Diaz de Santillana (30 May 1902 – 8 June 1974) was an Italian-American philosopher and historian of science, born in Rome. He was Professor of the History of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
A son of the Tunisian-Italian jurist and expert on Islamic Law, David Santillana, Giorgio de Santillana was born in Rome into a Sephardic Jewish family, which traced its roots through Tunisia and Livorno back to the Iberian peninsula. In 1925 Santillana graduated from the Università di Roma alla Sapienza with a degree in physics. He spent two years in Paris, followed by another two years in the Physics Department of the Università degli studi di Milano, after which he was called to Rome by Federigo Enriques to put together a course on the history of science. It was in Rome that Santillana taught history of science and philosophy of science. He moved to the United States in 1936 and became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1945. In 1941, he began his academic career at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, becoming an assistant professor the following year. From 1943 to 1945 he served in the United States Army as a war correspondent. After the war, in 1945 he returned to MIT and in 1948 was made an associate professor. In that year, he was married. In 1953, he published an authoritative edition of Galileo Galilei's Dialogue on the World Great Systems.[1] In 1954, he became a full Professor of the History of Science in the School of Humanities. His Galileo project led him to write, and to publish in 1955, The Crime of Galileo. In 1969, he published his book Hamlet's Mill, An Essay on Myth and the Frame of Time with Dr. Hertha von Dechend. This book focused on the understanding of the connection between the mythological stories of Pharaonic Egypt, Babylon, Greece, Christianity, etc. and ancient observations pertaining to the stars, planets, and, most notably, the 26,000-year precession of the equinoxes. He died at Beverly, Massachusetts, in 1974.[2]
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