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Metropolitan Statistical Area in Ohio, United States
Greater Cleveland
Cleveland, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area
Downtown Cleveland
Map of Cleveland–Akron–Canton, OH
CSA
Akron MSA
Canton–Massillon MSA
Sandusky MSA
New Philadelphia–Dover µSA
Fremont µSA
Norwalk µSA
Coshocton µSA
Country United States State Ohio Largest city Cleveland Other cities in MSA
• MSA
2,185,825 (33rd ) • CSA
3,769,834 (17th ) • MSA $162.8 billion (2022) Time zone UTC−5 (EST ) • Summer (DST ) UTC−4 (EDT )Area code(s ) 216, 234, 330, 436, 440
The Cleveland metropolitan area , or Greater Cleveland as it is more commonly known, is the metropolitan area surrounding the city of Cleveland in Northeast Ohio , United States. According to the 2020 census results, the six-county Cleveland, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of Cuyahoga County , Ashtabula County , Geauga County , Lake County , Lorain County , and Medina County , and has a population of 2,185,825, making it the 33rd-most populous metropolitan area in the United States and the third largest metropolitan area in Ohio .[2] [3] The metro area is also part of the larger Cleveland–Akron–Canton Combined Statistical Area with a population of over 3.7 million people, the most populous statistical area in Ohio and the 17th most populous in the United States.
Northeast Ohio refers to a similar but substantially larger region that is home to over 4.5 million residents that also includes areas not part of Greater Cleveland. This article covers the area considered to be Greater Cleveland, but includes some information generally applicable to the larger region, which is itself part of what is known historically as the Connecticut Western Reserve .
Northeast Ohio [ edit ]
Northeast Ohio consists of 16 counties (Ashland , Ashtabula, Carroll , Columbiana , Cuyahoga , Geauga , Lake , Lorain, Mahoning , Medina, Portage, Richland , Stark , Summit, Trumbull and Wayne counties)[4] and includes the cities of Akron , Ashland , Ashtabula , Brunswick , Canton , Cleveland , Elyria , Lorain , Mansfield , Medina , Wadsworth , Wooster , Warren , and Youngstown . Northeast Ohio is home to approximately 4 million people, has a labor force of almost 2 million, and a gross regional product of nearly $170 billion.[5] Other counties are sometimes considered to be in Northeast Ohio. These include Erie , Holmes , Huron and Tuscarawas counties, and their inclusion makes the total population of the entire northeastern section of Ohio well over 4.5 million people.[6]
Cities, townships, and villages [ edit ]
Cuyahoga County [ edit ]
Beachwood
Bedford
Bedford Heights
Bentleyville
Berea
Bratenahl
Brecksville
Broadview Heights
Brook Park
Brooklyn
Brooklyn Heights
Chagrin Falls
Chagrin Falls Township
Cleveland
Cleveland Heights
Cuyahoga Heights
East Cleveland
Euclid
Fairview Park
Garfield Heights
Gates Mills
Glenwillow
Highland Heights
Highland Hills
Hunting Valley
Independence
Lakewood
Linndale
Lyndhurst
Maple Heights
Mayfield Heights
Mayfield Village
Middleburg Heights
Moreland Hills
Newburgh Heights
North Olmsted
North Randall
North Royalton
Oakwood Village
Olmsted Falls
Olmsted Township
Orange
Parma
Parma Heights
Pepper Pike
Richmond Heights
Rocky River
Seven Hills
Shaker Heights
Solon
South Euclid
Strongsville
University Heights
Valley View
Walton Hills
Warrensville Heights
Westlake
Woodmere
Ashtabula County [ edit ]
Andover Township
Ashtabula
Ashtabula Township
Austinburg Township
Cherry Valley Township
Colebrook Township
Conneaut
Conneaut Township
Denmark Township
Dorset Township
Geneva
Geneva-on-the-Lake
Geneva Township
Harpersfield Township
Hartsgrove Township
Jefferson
Jefferson Township
Kingsville Township
Lenox Township
Monroe Township
Morgan Township
New Lyme Township
North Kingsville
Orwell
Orwell Township
Pierpont Township
Plymouth Township
Richmond Township
Roaming Shores
Rock Creek
Rome Township
Saybrook Township
Sheffield Township
Trumbull Township
Wayne Township
Williamsfield Township
Windsor Township
Geauga County [ edit ]
Auburn Township
Bainbridge Township
Burton
Burton Township
Chardon
Chardon Township
Chester
Chesterland
Claridon Township
Hambden Township
Hunting Valley (part)
Huntsburg Township
Middlefield
Middlefield Township
Montville Township
Munson Township
Newbury Township
Parkman Township
Russell Township
South Russell
Thompson Township
Troy Township
Lake County [ edit ]
Eastlake
Fairport Harbor
Grand River
Kirtland
Kirtland Hills
Lakeline
LeRoy Township
Madison
Madison Township
Mentor
Mentor-on-the-Lake
North Madison
North Perry
Painesville
Painesville Township
Perry
Perry Township
Timberlake
Waite Hill
Wickliffe
Willoughby
Willoughby Hills
Willowick
Lorain County [ edit ]
Amherst Township
Avon
Avon Lake
Brighton Township
Brownhelm Township
Camden Township
Carlisle Township
Columbia Township
Eaton Estates
Eaton Township
Elyria
Elyria Township
Grafton
Grafton Township
Henrietta Township
Huntington Township
Kipton
Lagrange
LaGrange Township
Lorain
New Russia Township
North Ridgeville
Oberlin
Penfield Township
Pittsfield Township
Rochester
Rochester Township
Sheffield
Sheffield Lake
Sheffield Township
South Amherst
Vermilion (portions in Erie and Lorain Counties)
Wellington
Wellington Township
Medina County [ edit ]
Brunswick Hills Township
Chatham Township
Chippewa Lake
Creston
Gloria Glens Park
Granger Township
Guilford Township
Harrisville Township
Hinckley Township
Homer Township
Lafayette Township
Litchfield Township
Liverpool Township
Lodi
Medina
Medina Township
Montville Township
Rittman
Seville
Sharon Township
Spencer
Spencer Township
Wadsworth
Wadsworth Township
Westfield Center
Westfield Township
York Township
Cities by population [ edit ]
These, in decreasing order of population, are the twelve largest cities in Greater Cleveland of (2020):
City
2020 population[6] [7]
Cleveland
372,624
Parma
81,146
Lorain
65,211
Elyria
52,656
Lakewood
50,942
Euclid
49,692
Mentor
47,450
Strongsville
46,491
Cleveland Heights
45,312
North Ridgeville
35,280
Westlake
34,228
North Olmsted
32,442
North Royalton
31,322
Demographics [ edit ]
Historical population Year Pop. ±% 1850 159,874 — 1860 193,501 +21.0% 1870 245,052 +26.6% 1880 321,638 +31.3% 1890 447,386 +39.1% 1900 603,807 +35.0% 1910 834,204 +38.2% 1920 1,169,422 +40.2% 1930 1,466,057 +25.4% 1940 1,500,798 +2.4% 1950 1,759,431 +17.2% 1960 2,220,050 +26.2% 1970 2,419,274 +9.0% 1980 2,277,949 −5.8% 1990 2,202,069 −3.3% 2000 2,250,871 +2.2% 2010 2,178,737 −3.2% 2020 2,185,825 +0.3% 2022* 2,160,145 −1.2% * = Population estimate. Source: U.S. Decennial Census
According to the 2020 United States Census , the population was 2.186 million in the five-county MSA of the Greater Cleveland Area, making it the second largest metropolitan-statistical area entirely within the state of Ohio.[8] Approximately 48.1% of the population was male and 51.9% were female. In 2010 the racial makeup of the five-county Area was 71.7% (1,490,074) Non-Hispanic Whites , 19.7% (409,582) Blacks or African Americans , 0.2% (4,056) American Indians and Alaskan Natives , 2.0% (40,522) Asian (0.7% Asian Indian 0.5% Chinese 0.2% Filipino , 0.1% Korean , 0.1% Vietnamese , 0.1% Japanese , 0.0% (398) Pacific Islander, 1.7% (35,224) from other races, and 2.0% (42,130) from two or more races . 4.7% (98,133) of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race (2.8% Puerto Rican , 1.0% Mexican , 0.1% Dominican , and 0.1% Cuban ).[9]
NASA satellite photograph of Cleveland at night
The median income for a household in Greater Cleveland was $46,231 and the median income for a family, $59,611. The per capita income was $25,668. Persons living below the poverty line was 15.1%.[10] According to a study by Capgemini and the World Wealth Report by Merrill Lynch, the Cleveland area has nearly 54,000 millionaire households, and is expected to continue to grow at 17% over the next five years.[11] [12]
The Greater Cleveland area is the most diverse region in the state of Ohio and is becoming increasingly more diverse with new waves of immigration .[13] [14] As of 2010, both the Hispanic and Asian population in the Cleveland-Akron-Ashtabula area grew by almost 40%, Hispanics now number at 112,307 (up from 80,738 in 2000).[15] The Asian population alone accounts for 55,087 (up from 39,586 in 2000) but people who cite Asian and other ethnicities enumerate 67,231. The Chinese Americans are the oldest Asian group residing in Northeast Ohio, most visible in Cleveland's Asiatown . Nevertheless, the area is also home to hundreds of Indians, Thais, Taiwanese, Pakistanis, Laotians, Cambodians, and Burmese peoples as well.
The Cleveland area has a substantial African American population with origins in the First and Second Great Migrations .[16] It also boasts some of the nation's largest Irish , Italian (numbering over 205,000), Slavic, and Hungarian populations. At one time, the Hungarian population of Cleveland proper was so great that the city boasted of having the highest concentration of Hungarians in the world outside of Budapest .[17] Today, the Greater Cleveland area is home to the largest Slovak, Slovene, and Hungarian communities in the world, outside of Slovakia , Slovenia , and Hungary respectively.[18] The Slavic population of the Cleveland-Akron area comprises 17.2%, far higher than the nation's rate of 6%. There are 171,000 Poles, 38,000 Slovaks, 66,000 Slovenes, 38,000 Czechs, 31,000 Russians, and 23,000 Ukrainians in Greater Cleveland. Slavic Village and Tremont historically had some of the largest concentrations of Eastern Europeans within Cleveland proper. Today, both neighborhoods continue to be home to many Slavic Ohioans. In addition, Slovenia maintains a Consulate-General in Downtown Cleveland .[19] The city of Cleveland has also received visits from the Presidents of Hungary and Poland.[20]
Greater Cleveland is home to a sizable Jewish community . According to the North American Jewish Data Bank, the community comprises an estimated 86,600 people or 3.0% as of 2011, above the nation's 1.7%, and up from 81,500 in 1996.[21] The highest proportion is in Cuyahoga County at 5.5% (of the county's total population). Today, 23% of Greater Cleveland's Jewish population is under the age of 17, and 27% reside in the Heights area (Cleveland Heights, Shaker Heights , and University Heights ). In 2010 nearly 2,600 people spoke Hebrew and 1,100 Yiddish .[22] [23] [24]
Ancestry [ edit ]
The top largest ancestries in the Greater Cleveland MSA, were the following:[25] [26]
German : 20.4%
Slavic: 18.9% (8.2% Polish , 3.2% Slovak , 1.8% Slovene , 1.5% Czech , 1.5% Russian , 1.1% Ukrainian , 1.0% Croatian , 0.4% Serbian , Rusyn , Yugoslav )
Irish : 14.5%
British : 11.3% (8.0% English , 1.8% Scottish , 0.8% Scot-Irish , 0.7% Welsh )
Italian : 9.9%
Hungarian : 3.7%
Puerto Rican : 2.8%
French and French Canadian : 1.9%
Scandinavian : 1.2% (0.7% Swedish , 0.3% Norwegian , and Danish )
Arab : 1.0%
Place of birth [ edit ]
Approximately 94.1% of the metropolitan area's population was native to the United States. Approximately 92.8% were born in the U.S. while 1.3% were born in Puerto Rico , a U.S. territory , or born abroad to American parents. The rest of the population (5.9%) were foreign-born. The highest percentages of immigrants came from Europe (46.2%), Asia (32.7%), Latin America (14.3%); smaller percentages of newcomers came from Africa (3.6%), other parts of North America (3.0%), and Oceania (0.3%).[25]
According to the American Community Survey 2006–2010, the number of Greater Cleveland area residents born overseas was 119,136 and the leading countries of origin were India (10,067), China (7,756), Mexico (6,051), Ukraine (7,211), Germany (5,742), Italy (4,114), Canada (4,102), United Kingdom (4,048), Romania (3,947), Poland (3,834), Russia (3,826), and Yugoslavia (3,820).[27]
Languages [ edit ]
English is by far the most commonly spoken language at home by residents in the Cleveland-Akron-Elyria area; approximately 91.2% of the population over the age of five spoke only English at home. Spanish speakers made up 2.8% of the population; speakers of Asian languages made up 1.1% of the population; speakers of other Indo-European languages made up 3.9% of the population. Individuals who spoke languages other than the ones above represented the remaining 1.0% of the populace. As of 2011, individually in addition to English, 2.7% spoke Spanish , 0.6% German , 0.5% Arabic , and 0.5% Chinese . 1.4% also spoke a Slavic language .[28] In 2007, Cleveland area was home to the nation's 3rd highest proportion of Hungarian speakers .[29]
County
2021 Estimate
2020 Census
Change
Area
Density
Cuyahoga County
1,236,041
1,264,817
−2.28%
457.19 sq mi (1,184.1 km 2 )
2,704/sq mi (1,044/km2 )
Lorain County
316,268
312,964
+1.06%
491.10 sq mi (1,271.9 km 2 )
644/sq mi (249/km2 )
Lake County
231,842
232,603
−0.33%
227.49 sq mi (589.2 km 2 )
1,019/sq mi (393/km2 )
Medina County
183,512
182,470
+0.57%
421.36 sq mi (1,091.3 km 2 )
436/sq mi (168/km2 )
Ashtabula County
97,013
97,574
−0.57%
702 sq mi (1,820 km 2 )
139/sq mi (54/km2 )
Geauga County
95,469
95,397
+0.08%
400.16 sq mi (1,036.4 km 2 )
239/sq mi (92/km2 )
Total
2,160,145
2,185,825
−1.17%
2,747.81 sq mi (7,116.8 km 2 )
786/sq mi (304/km2 )
Area codes [ edit ]
In the 1950s, AT&T assigned Greater Cleveland Area code 216 , which included all of Northeast Ohio . In 1996, Area code 216 was reduced in size to cover the northern half of its prior area, centering on Cleveland and its lake shore suburbs. Area code 330 was introduced for the southern half of Greater Cleveland, including Medina County . The western half of the region, including Ashland and Richland counties, and parts of Huron, Wayne, and Erie counties, are assigned area codes 419 and 567 .
In 1997, area code 216 was further split as the need for additional phone numbers grew. Area code 216 was reduced in geographical area to cover the city of Cleveland and its inner ring suburbs . Area code 440 was introduced to cover the remainder of was what previously area code 216, including all of Lorain , Geauga , and Lake counties, and parts of Cuyahoga County . Some communities, such as Parma , and Parma Heights were divided between the 216 and 440 area codes. In 1999, Congressman Dennis Kucinich introduced federal legislation to protect small and medium-sized cities from being split into two or more area codes.[30] [31]
In 2000, it was anticipated that the available phone numbers in area code 330 would be exhausted, and an overlay area code was introduced. Area code 234 was assigned to overlap existing area code 330. With the creation of area code 234, any new phone number in the geographical area formerly covered by area code 330 could be assigned a phone number in either the 234 or 330 area codes, with no change in local or long-distance toll status. This made necessary the use of ten-digit dialing within the 330/234 area code region. After the introduction of area code 234, assignments of new telephone numbers in the area did not continue at an accelerated pace, and new phone numbers for area code 234 were not assigned until 2003.[32]
Economy [ edit ]
Commerce by Daniel Chester French at the Metzenbaum U.S. Courthouse on Superior Avenue, Cleveland
In 2011 the Greater Cleveland area had a GDP of $134.4 billion (up from $130.7 billion in 2008), which would rank 57th among countries . Cleveland also has the twelfth highest merchandise value at $109.2 billion.[5]
Business and industry [ edit ]
More than 37% of Fortune 500 companies are present in Northeast Ohio, through corporate headquarters, major divisions, subsidiaries, and sales offices. In addition, more than 150 international companies have a presence there. As of 2006[update] , Northeast Ohio serves as the corporate headquarters of 22 Fortune 1000 firms (shown with 2017 rankings below):
(#86) Progressive Insurance (Mayfield Village , insurance)
(#180) Sherwin-Williams (Cleveland , paint)
(#216) Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company (Akron , rubber)
(#224) Parker-Hannifin (Cleveland , industrial manufacturer)
(#294) FirstEnergy (Akron , utilities)
(#407) J.M. Smucker Company (Orrville , food consumer products)
(#411) KeyCorp (Cleveland , banking)
(#467) Cliffs Natural Resources (Cleveland , iron ore mining)/AK Steel Holdings/Mittal
(#480) Travel Centers of America (Westlake , specialty retail)
(#508) RPM International (Medina , chemicals)
(#513) TransDigm Group (Cleveland , aerospace and defense)
(#607) Diebold (North Canton , electronics)
(#724) PolyOne Corporation (Avon Lake , chemicals)
(#762) Medical Mutual of Ohio (Cleveland , health insurance)
(#781) The Timken Company (North Canton , specialty steel)
(#782) Aleris International, Inc. (Cleveland , metals)
(#783) Lincoln Electric (Cleveland , arc welding equipment)
(#792) Hyster-Yale Materials Handling (Cleveland , industrial machinery)
(#806) Applied Industrial Technologies (Cleveland , bearings)
(#811) A. Schulman (Fairlawn , chemicals)
(#965) American Greetings (Cleveland , greeting cards)
(#996) Nordson (Westlake , industrial machinery)
Other large employers include:
Agilysis (Mayfield Heights , electronics)
Babcock & Wilcox (Barberton , engineering)
Cafaro Corp (Youngstown , mall management and properties)
Cleveland Clinic (Cleveland , health care)
DeBartolo-York Corp (Boardman Township , Youngstown , mall management and properties)
Eaton Corporation (North American HQ - Beachwood , electrical parts manufacturing)
Exal Corp Aluminum Production (Youngstown , metals)
Ferro Corporation (Cleveland , advanced material manufacturing)
Forest City Enterprises (Cleveland , real estate development)
Gojo (Akron , chemicals)
Home Savings and Loan (Youngstown , banking)
IMG (Cleveland , sports marketing and management)
Invacare (Elyria , medical products and equipment)
Jo Ann Stores (Hudson , specialty retailer)
Jones Day (Cleveland , legal services)
Lubrizol Corporation (Wickliffe , lubricants and chemicals)
Mayfran International (Cleveland , conveyors)
Nacco Industries (Cleveland , industrial equipment)
Nestlé USA (Solon , food processing)
Roadway Express (Akron , logistics)
Rockwell Automation (Mayfield Heights , industrial controls)
SITE Centers (Beachwood , real estate development)
Summa Health System (Akron , health care)
University Hospitals of Cleveland (Cleveland , health care)
Small businesses and startups [ edit ]
The Council of Smaller Enterprises coordinates and advocates for small businesses in the region.[33] [34] Many of the area's sustainability -oriented companies are tied into the network Entrepreneurs for Sustainability .[35] [36]
Colleges and universities [ edit ]
Greater Cleveland is home to a number of higher education institutions, including:
Transportation [ edit ]
Airports [ edit ]
Greater Cleveland is served by international, regional and county airports, including:
Highways [ edit ]
The Greater Cleveland highway network
Highway notes [ edit ]
I-271 and I-480 were the only two auxiliary Interstates in the nation that ran concurrently with each other for any distance until 2022, when a concurrency between I-587 and I-795 in North Carolina was established with the designation of I-587.[37]
Public transit [ edit ]
The Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority operates a bus system and heavy and light rail in Cuyahoga County. Other transit agencies serve the surrounding counties and provide connections with RTA, including Laketran in Lake County, and Lorain County Transit in Lorain County. Cleveland's RTA Red Line which started in 1955, is the eighth oldest heavy rail rapid transit in the Country In 2007, RTA was named the best public transit system in North America by the American Public Transportation Association , for "demonstrating achievement in efficiency and effectiveness."[38]
Culture [ edit ]
Theater [ edit ]
Playhouse Square, Cleveland
Playhouse Square Center is the epicenter of the Cleveland Theater District and the second largest theater district in the United States.[39]
Playhouse Square Theaters [ edit ]
In addition, Greater Cleveland has additional theaters throughout the region.
Theaters [ edit ]
Theatrical companies [ edit ]
Cleveland is home to the Cleveland Orchestra , widely considered one of the finest orchestras in the world, and often referred to as the finest in the United States.[62] It is one of the "Big Five " major orchestras in the United States. The Orchestra plays at Severance Hall in University Circle during the winter and at Blossom Music Center in Cuyahoga Falls during the summer.[63] The city is also home to the Cleveland Pops Orchestra .
There are two main art museums in Cleveland. The Cleveland Museum of Art is a major American art museum,[64] with a collection that includes more than 40,000 works of art ranging over 6,000 years, from ancient masterpieces to contemporary pieces . Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland showcases established and emerging artists, particularly from the Cleveland area, through hosting and producing temporary exhibitions.[65]
Sports and recreation [ edit ]
Progressive Field , home of the Cleveland Guardians
Cleveland's professional sports teams include the Cleveland Guardians (Major League Baseball ), Cleveland Browns (National Football League ), and Cleveland Cavaliers (National Basketball Association ). The Lake County Captains , a Single-A minor league affiliate of the Cleveland Guardians, play in Eastlake at Classic Park . Additionally, the Lake Erie Crushers of the Frontier League play at Sprenger Stadium in Avon .
Minor league hockey is represented in the area by the Cleveland Monsters of the American Hockey League . They began play in the 2007–08 AHL season at the Quicken Loans Arena . The team is the top minor league affiliate of the Columbus Blue Jackets of the National Hockey League .
The Cleveland Metroparks are a system of nature preserves that encircle the city, and the Cuyahoga Valley National Park encompasses the Cuyahoga River valley between Cleveland and Akron . The region is home to Mentor Headlands Beach , the longest natural beach on the Great Lakes .
Notable natives [ edit ]
Albert Ayler
Jim Backus
Kaye Ballard
LeCharles Bentley
Halle Berry
Chris Butler
Eric Carmen
Drew Carey
Mary Carey
Ray Cash
Drew Carter
Machine Gun Kelly
Gerald Casale
Chris Chambers
Tracy Chapman
Cheetah Chrome
Tim Conway
Wes Craven
Kid Cudi
Dorothy Dandridge
Cheri Dennis
Ruby Dee
Donald DeFreeze
Phil Donahue
Stephen R. Donaldson
Harlan Ellison
Lee Evans
James A. Garfield
Sonny Geraci
Donald A. Glaser
Ted Ginn Jr.
Bob Golic
Mike Golic
Anthony Gonzalez
Jim Graner
Joel Grey
Arsenio Hall
Roy Hall
Margaret Hamilton
Steve Harvey
Patricia Heaton
Anne Heche
Mike Hegan
John W. Heisman
Kim Herring
Hal Holbrook
Bob Hope
Langston Hughes
Chrissie Hynde
LeBron James
Philip Johnson
Joe Jurevicius
Sammy Kaye
Don King
Bobby Knight
Heather Kozar
Dennis Kucinich
Dante Lavelli
Mike Lebowitz
Gerald Levert
D. A. Levy
Bob Lewis
Peter B. Lewis
Jim Lovell
Henry Mancini
Scott Mescudi
Howard Metzenbaum
O.J. McDuffie
Burgess Meredith
Toni Morrison
Bob Mothersbaugh
Mark Mothersbaugh
Paul Newman
Urban Meyer
Chuck Noll
Andre Norton
Charles Oakley
Jesse Owens
Harvey Pekar
Scott Raab
Dave Ragone
John D. Rockefeller
Michael Ruhlman
Screamin' Jay Hawkins
Molly Shannon
Sam Sheppard
Don Shula
Jerry Siegel
Robert Smith
Troy Smith
Ruth Simpson
Steve Stone
George Steinbrenner
Carl B. Stokes
Michael Symon
David Thomas
Jim Tressel
George Voinovich
David Wain
Carl E. Walz
Lew Wasserman
Debra Winger
Archibald Willard
Fred Willard
Frank Yankovic
Roger Zelazny
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ "OMB Bulletin No. 23-01: Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas" (PDF) . United States Office of Management and Budget . July 21, 2023.
^ U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Cleveland city, Ohio
^ Cleveland Plus: Northeast Ohio Counties Archived 2010-09-01 at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved September 20, 2010.
^ a b "Archived copy" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-08-13. Retrieved 2012-08-09 .{{cite web }}
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^ A Founder of Cleveland+. "About Northeast Ohio - Cleveland Plus Region - Greater Cleveland Partnership" . Gcpartnership.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-10. Retrieved 2012-11-08 .
^ Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results" . Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results" . Retrieved 7 May 2016 . [permanent dead link ]
^ Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results" . Archived from the original on 13 February 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
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^ "S.F. competes with Detroit, Pittsburgh and Cleveland in expected growth of millionaires - San Francisco Business Times" . Archived from the original on 2013-09-21.
^ "Northeast Ohio suburbs lead state in ethnic diversity, census numbers show" . cleveland.com . 27 October 2011. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ Exner, Rich (April 2, 2018). "Among counties, Cuyahoga near top in Midwest for attracting immigrants" . The Plain Dealer . Retrieved July 8, 2019 .
^ "Asians, Hispanics populate latest wave of Northeast Ohio's newcomers" . cleveland.com . 4 April 2011. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ "African Americans" . The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History . Case Western Reserve University . 15 July 2019. Retrieved July 15, 2019 .
^ "Hungarians" . The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History . Case Western Reserve University . Retrieved July 8, 2019 .
^ "City of Cleveland :: Cleveland's Sister Cities" . portal.cleveland-oh.gov . Archived from the original on 2011-07-21.
^ "Consulate general of the Republic of Slovenia in Cleveland, USA" . Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ "Cleveland's Slavic Village welcomes the president of Poland today: Global Village" . cleveland.com . 9 December 2010. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ "Jewish Maps of the United States by Counties, 2011" . Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results" . Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ "Many Languages, One America" . Archived from the original on 10 May 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ "Jewish Cities" . The Daily Beast . December 2010. Archived from the original on 10 May 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ a b Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results" . Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results" . Archived from the original on 18 January 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results" . Archived from the original on 2020-02-12.
^ Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results" . Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ "Archived copy" . Archived from the original on 2013-11-12. Retrieved 2017-09-04 .{{cite web }}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link )
^ "Congressman Dennis Kucinich" . Kucinich.house.gov. Archived from the original on 2010-07-07. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Bill Summary & Status - 106th Congress (1999 - 2000) - H.R.2439 - THOMAS (Library of Congress)" . Archived from the original on 7 February 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ Lin-Fisher, Betty (October 31, 2003). "CALL FOR MORE TELEPHONE NUMBERS ANSWERED - 234 AREA CODE CONNECTED MOST PEOPLE ARE STILL BEING ASSIGNED 330 NUMBERS" . Akron Beacon Journal . Knight Ridder. p. D1.
^ Colleen Mulcahy, "Benefits administrator blasts health mandates. (John Polk)", National Underwriter Property & Casualty-Risk & Benefits Management , Oct. 14, 1991. [dead link ]
^ Shannon Mortland, "COSE to help push ideas for reforming health care.(Health Care)(Council of Smaller Enterprises)(Brief Article)", Crain's Cleveland Business , Aug. 8, 2005.
^ "GROWING GREENER GOOD FOR BUSINESS GROUP HOPING TO FIND NEW WAYS TO TURN WASTE MATERIAL INTO PROFIT", Akron Beacon Journal (OH ) , May 5, 2008.
^ " "Making Change: Sustainable Businesses", 90.3 WCPN ideastream" . May 28, 2003. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011.
^ OpenStreetMap contributors (3 January 2023). "United States of America" (Map). OpenStreetMap . Retrieved 4 January 2023 .
^ Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (October 1, 2007). Greater Cleveland: Best Location for Public Transportation in the Nation Archived 2008-08-01 at the Wayback Machine . Press release . Retrieved on October 6, 2007.
^ PlayhouseSquare. "About Playhouse Square" . Archived from the original on 14 May 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ "Beck Center for the Arts" . Lkwdpl.org. 2010-01-03. Archived from the original on 2010-03-16. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Something Dada Improvisational Comedy" . Cabaretdada.com. Archived from the original on 2008-09-08. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ [1 ] Archived March 11, 2005, at the Wayback Machine
^ "Cleveland Play House" . Cleveland Play House. Archived from the original on 2010-07-23. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ Pavlish Group: Jason Maxwell / Don Pavlish. "Cleveland Public Theatre ~ Home" . Cptonline.org. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Dobama Theatre - Cleveland's Contemporary Stage" . Dobama.org. 2010-06-05. Archived from the original on 2010-08-19. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ [2 ] Archived March 8, 2005, at the Wayback Machine
^ "Bay Village, Ohio" . Huntington Playhouse. 2010-07-14. Archived from the original on 2010-03-22. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Karamu House" . Archived from the original on 1 May 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016 .
^ "Near West Theatre" . Near West Theatre. Archived from the original on 2010-07-15. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ Rick Evans. "Olde Towne Hall Theatre" . Olde Towne Hall Theatre. Archived from the original on 2010-04-27. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Bodwin Theatre Company" . Bodwin_theatre.tripod.com. Archived from the original on 2011-05-16. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Charenton Theater Company" . Charenton.org. Archived from the original on 2010-04-21. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Cleveland Shakespeare Festival" . Cleveshakes.org. Archived from the original on 2010-03-18. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Convergence Continuum" . Convergence Continuum. Archived from the original on 2010-07-26. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ "Fairmount Center for the Arts" . Fairmountcenter.org. Archived from the original on 2010-08-08. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
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^ "Great Lakes Theater Festival" . Greatlakestheater.org. Archived from the original on 2010-09-22. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ [3 ] [dead link ]
^ "Portage Lakes Players" . www.geocities.com . 2005-12-11. Archived from the original on 2005-12-11. Retrieved 2012-11-08 .
^ "The Public Squares" . The Public Squares. Archived from the original on 2010-07-29. Retrieved 2010-08-01 .
^ [4 ] Archived August 1, 2003, at the Wayback Machine
^ Walsh, Michael. "The Finest Orchestra? (Surprise!) Cleveland". Archived 2005-10-31 at the Wayback Machine Time . (1994-01-10) Retrieved on 2007-08-01.
^ A Brief History of the Cleveland Orchestra. Archived 2009-03-24 at the Wayback Machine Cleveland Orchestra . Retrieved on 2007-07-22.
^ Cleveland Museum of Art. Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. 1997-06-14. Retrieved on 2007-07-22.
^ Who We Are Archived 2007-09-13 at the Wayback Machine . Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland . Retrieved on 2007-08-16.
External links [ edit ]
t
e
Includes all metropolitan areas that have a population of 150,000 or greater according to the most recent national census.
Great Lakes region cities
Surrounding cities
Cities of states south of region
Other metro-regions
Other megaregions
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Greater_Cleveland&oldid=1230789700 "
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