The color green (Arabic: أخضر, romanized: 'akhḍar) has a number of traditional associations in Islam. It holds profound traditional associations within Islam, embodying themes of paradise, purity, and prosperity. In the Quran, green is linked with paradisiacal imagery, symbolizing the serenity of paradise. Green was adopted by the Shi'ites, and remains particularly popular in Shi'ite iconography, but it is also widely used in by Sunni states, notably in the flag of Saudi Arabia and the flag of Pakistan. Green's subsequent incorporation into national flags highlights the enduring significance in Islamic iconography.[1]
Verses from the Qur'an describing reclining on green cushions and garments of fine silk imbue the color with a sense of tranquility and peace. Believers are adorned with green garments of fine silk and heavy brocade, symbolizing purity and divine favor.[2][3]
Reclining on green Cushions and rich Carpets of beauty
Upon them will be green garments of fine silk and heavy brocade, and they will be adorned with bracelets of silver; and their Lord will give to them to drink of a Water Pure and Holy.
Green flags were adopted by Shi'ites in the early Islamic period,[8] although the most common Shi'a color was white, in symbolic opposition to Abbasid black.[9][10] Thus in 817, when the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun adopted the Alid Ali al-Ridha a his heir-apparent, he also changed the dynastic color from black to green. The change was reverted al-Ma'mun had Ali killed, and returned to Baghdad in 819.[11][dubious – discuss]
Across the Islamic world, green finds expression in national flags, serving as a powerful symbol of faith and unity. From the flags of Saudi Arabia[12] and Pakistan to those of Algeria and Azerbaijan, green stands as a unifying mark, reflecting the shared heritage of Muslim nations.
In Islam, the color green holds significant symbolism and is often associated with nature, life, and renewal. It is frequently referenced in religious texts and traditions, symbolizing paradise and the lush landscapes described in the Qur'an. Beyond its use in national flags of some Islamic countries, such as Saudi Arabia and Iran, green is widely utilized in Islamic art, architecture, and attire. Its prevalence in mosques, Qur'anic manuscripts, and decorative elements underscores its importance in Islamic culture and aesthetics.[1]
Abdul-Matin, Ibrahim. “Green Deen: What Islam Teaches about Protecting the Planet.” Green Deen: What Islam Teaches about Protecting the Planet, Kube Publishing, 2012.
