Video technology that adds dynamic metadata to HDR10 source files
HDR10+ logo
HDR10+[1] is a high dynamic range (HDR) video technology that adds dynamic metadata[2]toHDR10 source files. The dynamic metadata are used to adjust and optimize each frame of the HDR video to the consumer display's capabilities in a way based on the content creator's intentions.
HDR10+ is an alternative to Dolby Vision, which also uses dynamic metadata.[3] HDR10+ is the default variant of dynamic metadata as part of the HDMI 2.1 standard.[4]
HDR10+ Adaptive is an update designed to optimize HDR10+ content according to the ambient light.[5]
HDR10+, also known as HDR10 Plus, was announced on 20 April 2017, by Samsung and Amazon Video. HDR10+ updates HDR10 by adding dynamic metadata that can be used to more accurately adjust brightness levels up to the full range of PQ code values (10,000 nits maximum brightness) on a scene-by-scene or frame-by-frame basis.[6][7][8][9] The technology is standardized and defined in SMPTE ST 2094-40.[10][11][12][7][8][9] HDR10+ is an open standard [disputed (for: "open" describing something not publicly available) – discuss] and is royalty-free; it is supported by a growing list of post-production software and tools.[7][8][9] HDR10+ specifications are not publicly available. A certification and logo program for HDR10+ device manufacturers is available with an annual administration fee for certain adopter categories and no per-unit royalty.[13] Authorized test centers conduct certification testing for HDR10+ devices.[13]
On 28 August 2017, Samsung, Panasonic, and 20th Century Fox created the HDR10+ Technologies LLC[14] to promote the HDR10+ standard.[15] HDR10+ video started being offered by Amazon Video on 13 December 2017.[16] On 5 January 2018, Warner Bros. announced their support for the HDR10+ standard.[17] On 6 January 2018, Panasonic announced Ultra HD Blu-ray players with support for HDR10+.[18] On 4 April 2019, Universal Pictures Home Entertainment announced a technology collaboration with Samsung Electronics to release new titles mastered with HDR10+.[19] It is considered[by whom?] to have most of the advantages of Dolby Vision over HDR10, as well as being royalty free.[citation needed]
HDR10+ signals the dynamic range and scene characteristics on a scene-by-scene or even frame-by-frame basis. The display device then uses the dynamic metadata to apply an appropriate tone map through the process of dynamic tone mapping.[20] Dynamic tone mapping differs from static tone mapping by applying a different tone curve from scene-to-scene rather than use a single tone curve for an entire video.[21]
HDR10+ and Dolby Vision do not use the same dynamic metadata.
HDR10+ supports the full range PQ up to 10,000 cd/m2. Being resolution agnostic, metadata needs to be created only once and can be applied to any target resolution.
HDR10+ content can be encoded using video encoding technologies including HEVC (implemented with VSEI) and AV1, VP9 compatability is achieved via the WebM container[25].
For offline and video-on-demand (VOD) (e.g. ultra-high-definition Blu-ray, over-the-top (OTT), multi-channel video programming distributor (MVPD)), HDR10+ metadata may be created during the post-production, mastering process or during transcoding/encoding for distribution back-ends by HDR10+ content generation tools in two steps,
Identifying scene cuts, and
Performing an image analysis on each scene or frame to derive statistics
HDR10+ metadata is interchanged through a low complexity JSON-structured text file,[28] which is then parsed and injected into video files.
Live use cases are possible by delivering HDR10+ metadata in every frame. HEVC encoders generate and inject metadata on live content and mobile phones record video and create HDR10+[29] metadata in real-time during recording. Live encoding is detailed in the Live Encoder Workflow diagram and real time broadcast operations are supported at the point of transmission enabling a metadata-less broadcast operation.
HDR10+ metadata can co-exist with HDR10 static metadata that makes HDR10+ content backward compatible[30] with non-HDR10+ TVs. HDR10+ metadata is ignored by devices that do not support the format and video is played back in HDR10.
HDR10+ Technologies, LLC[31] administers the license and certification program for products that want to adopt HDR10+. HDR10+ Technologies, LLC provides the technical specifications, test specifications, and certified logo.
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