Insailing, a halyardorhalliard is a line (rope) that is used to hoist a ladder, sail, flagoryard. The term "halyard" derives from the Middle English halier ("rope to haul with"), with the last syllable altered by association with the English unit of measure "yard".[1] Halyards, like most other parts of the running rigging, were classically made of natural fibre like manilaorhemp.
Halyards can be attached a number of ways to the head of a triangular sail. The most common methods are as follows:
The other end of the halyard is usually attached to the mast at its foot by way of a cleat. It is convention in some places to fasten the main halyard (for the mainsail) on the starboard side of the mast and the jib halyard to the port side. This allows quicker access to the lines in a time-critical situation.
"Jumping the halyard" is a technique used to raise a large sail quickly by employing a few crew members to work simultaneously on the halyard. The person jumping stands next to the mast and manually grabs the halyard as high as they can (sometimes this necessitates jumping) and pulling it down as fast and far as possible. While this crew member reaches for the next heave, a second crew member 'tails' or takes up the slack created by the jumper, on a winch. When the person jumping can no longer pull up the sail simply by hanging on the halyard, they must "sweat" the line.[4]
To "sweat" the halyard is to take as much slack out of it as possible.[5] This may be done with a winch, or manually. To manually sweat a halyard, the sweater grasps the line and, in a fluid motion, hauls it laterally towards themself, then down toward the deck, letting the tailer take up the new slack.[6]
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