J u m p t o c o n t e n t
M a i n m e n u
M a i n m e n u
N a v i g a t i o n
● M a i n p a g e ● C o n t e n t s ● C u r r e n t e v e n t s ● R a n d o m a r t i c l e ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● C o n t a c t u s ● D o n a t e
C o n t r i b u t e
● H e l p ● L e a r n t o e d i t ● C o m m u n i t y p o r t a l ● R e c e n t c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e
S e a r c h
Search
A p p e a r a n c e
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t ● L o g i n
P e r s o n a l t o o l s
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t ● L o g i n
P a g e s f o r l o g g e d o u t e d i t o r s l e a r n m o r e ● C o n t r i b u t i o n s ● T a l k
( T o p )
1 M o r p h o l o g y
2 H i s t o r y
3 G e n d e r
4 S y n t a x
T o g g l e S y n t a x s u b s e c t i o n
4 . 1 F u n c t i o n s
4 . 2 D e p e n d e n t s
5 S e m a n t i c s
T o g g l e S e m a n t i c s s u b s e c t i o n
5 . 1 G e n e r i c
5 . 2 D e i t i e s
6 P r o n u n c i a t i o n
7 S e e a l s o
8 N o t e s
9 R e f e r e n c e s
10 F u r t h e r r e a d i n g
T o g g l e t h e t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s
He ( p r o n o u n )
1 2 l a n g u a g e s
● অ স ম ী য ় া ● 閩 南 語 / B â n - l â m - g ú ● ف ا ر س ی ● 客 家 語 / H a k - k â - n g î ● М а к е д о н с к и ● 閩 東 語 / M ì n g - d ĕ ̤ n g - n g ṳ ̄ ● N e d e r l a n d s ● P o r t u g u ê s ● S i m p l e E n g l i s h ● S v e n s k a ● 吴 语 ● י י ִ ד י ש
E d i t l i n k s
● A r t i c l e ● T a l k
E n g l i s h
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
T o o l s
T o o l s
A c t i o n s
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
G e n e r a l
● W h a t l i n k s h e r e ● R e l a t e d c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e ● S p e c i a l p a g e s ● P e r m a n e n t l i n k ● P a g e i n f o r m a t i o n ● C i t e t h i s p a g e ● G e t s h o r t e n e d U R L ● D o w n l o a d Q R c o d e ● W i k i d a t a i t e m
P r i n t / e x p o r t
● D o w n l o a d a s P D F ● P r i n t a b l e v e r s i o n
A p p e a r a n c e
F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
( R e d i r e c t e d f r o m H e / h i m )
Morphology [ edit ]
In Standard Modern English, he forms :[1]
History [ edit ]
Old English had a single third-person pronoun — from the Proto-Germanic demonstrative base *hi -, from PIE *ko [3] genders in the singular. The modern pronoun it h Her developed out of the feminine singular dative and genitive forms, while the other feminine forms and the plural were replaced with other words. The older pronoun had the following forms:
Old English, third-person pronoun[4] : 117
Singular
Plural
Masculine
Neuter
Feminine
Nominative
hē
hit
hēo
hī (e
Accusative
hine
hit
hīe
hī (e
Dative
him
him
hire
him / heom
Genitive
his
his
hire
hira / heora
In the 12th century, it h -self forms developed in early Middle English , with hine self becoming himself. [5] he [4] : 120
He genders in Old English, but in Middle English, the neuter and feminine genders split off. Today, he [6]
Functions [ edit ]
He subject , object , determiner or predicative complement .[7] adjunct . He modifier in a noun phrase.
Subject: He him being therehis being therehe paid for himself to be there.
Object: I saw him ; I introduced her to him ; He saw himself .
Predicative complement: The only person there was him .
Dependent determiner: I met his friend.
Independent determiner: This is his .
Adjunct: He did it himself .
Modifier: The he
Dependents [ edit ]
Pronouns rarely take dependents , but it is possible for he noun phrases .
Semantics [ edit ]
He referents are generally limited to individual male persons , excluding the speaker and the addressee. He definite and usually specific .
Generic [ edit ]
The pronoun he If you see someone in trouble, help him . (See Gender above). This can seem very unnatural, even ungrammatical, as in these examples:
? When somebody gives birth, it's good for him to have assistance.
? If either your mother or father would like to discuss it, I'll talk to him .
The dominant epicene pronoun in modern written British English is 'they'.[8] [9]
Deities [ edit ]
When speaking of God , Jesus Christ or the Holy Spirit , some Christians use the capitalised forms "He", "His" and "Him" in writing, and in some translations of the Bible .[a]
Pronunciation [ edit ]
According to the OED , the following pronunciations are used:
Form
Plain
Unstressed
Recording
he (UK
(US
/(h )iː/
/(h )i/
female speaker with US accent
him
/hɪm/
/ɪm/
female speaker with US accent
his
/hɪz/
/ɪz/
female speaker with US accent
himself
/hɪmˈsɛlf/
female speaker with US accent
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ Huddleston, Rodney; Pullum, Geoffrey K. (2002). The Cambridge grammar of the English language . Cambridge University Press.
^ Lass, Roger, ed. (1999). The Cambridge history of the English Language: Volume III 1476–1776 . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
^ "it | Origin and meaning of it by Online Etymology Dictionary" . www.etymonline.com . Retrieved 20 March 2021 .
^ a b Blake, Norman, ed. (1992). The Cambridge history of the English Language: Volume II 1066–1476 . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
^ "himself, pron. and n." Oxford English Dictionary .
^ O'Conner, Patricia; Kellerman, Stewart (21 July 2009). "On Language - "All-Purpose Pronoun" . New York Times Magazine . Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2012 .
^ Huddleston, Rodney; Pullum, Geoffrey K. (2002). The Cambridge grammar of the English language . Cambridge University Press.
^ Franziska, Moser; Magda, Formanowicz; Sabine, Sczesny (2 February 2016). "Can Gender-Fair Language Reduce Gender Stereotyping and Discrimination?" . Frontiers in Psychology . 7 25 ): 3. doi :10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00025 PMC 4735429 PMID 26869947 .
^ Paterson, Laura (25 July 2014). British Pronoun Use, Prescription, and Processing: Linguistic and Social Influences Affecting 'They' and 'He' . Vol. 7 (2014th ed.). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 2. doi :10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00025 ISBN 978-1137332721 PMC 4735429 PMID 26869947 .
Further reading [ edit ]
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=He_(pronoun)&oldid=1201746976 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● M o d e r n E n g l i s h p e r s o n a l p r o n o u n s ● G e n d e r - n e u t r a l p r o n o u n s ● E n g l i s h g r a m m a r ● M i d d l e E n g l i s h p e r s o n a l p r o n o u n s ● O l d E n g l i s h p e r s o n a l p r o n o u n s ● T e r m s f o r m e n H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● C S 1 e r r o r s : p e r i o d i c a l i g n o r e d ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n m a t c h e s W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g P r o t o - G e r m a n i c - l a n g u a g e t e x t ● U s e d m y d a t e s f r o m A u g u s t 2 0 1 9
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 1 F e b r u a r y 2 0 2 4 , a t 0 8 : 2 4 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
