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Head pressing is a veterinary condition characterized by pressing the head against a wall or pushing the face into a corner for no apparent reason.[1] This condition is seen in dogs , cats , cows , horses , and goats . Head pressing is usually a sign of a neurological disorder , especially of the forebrain (e.g., prosencephalon disease),[1] or of toxicity due to liver damage , such as portosystemic shunt and hepatic encephalopathy .[2]
It should be distinguished from bunting , which is a normal behavior found in healthy animals.
Possible causes
[ edit ]
Liver neurotoxicity
[ edit ]
A liver shunt is a congenital or acquired condition that may lead to toxicity and head pressing. Additional symptoms include drooling and slow maturation early in development. Middle-aged and older animals more commonly suffer from liver cirrhosis than younger animals.[4]
Viral causes
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Several viruses that cause encephalitis or meningoencephalitis can lead to the neurological sign of head pressing, such as eastern equine encephalitis and bovine herpesvirus 5 .[5] [6]
See also
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References
[ edit ]
^ "Dogs Who Head Press Should See A Vet ASAP. Recognizing This Behavior Could Save Your Dog's Life" . DogHeirs . 30 May 2014. Archived from the original on 24 March 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2014 .
^ "Cirrhosis in Dogs" . Pet Health Network . IDEXX Laboratories . Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. Retrieved 12 December 2019 .
^ Hostetler, Douglas E. (2013). "Nervous System" . In McVey, D. Scott; Kennedy, Melissa; Chengappa, M. M. (eds.). Veterinary Microbiology (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 573. ISBN 978-1-118-65056-1 .
^ Gilberd, Mark (2005). Natural Remedies For Sheep . Mark Gilberd. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-9775330-2-2 .
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R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Head_pressing&oldid=1229357880 "
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