During the period when the Philippine Revolution and Spanish–American War were proceeding concurrently, the U.S. established a military government from August 14, 1898, in the parts of the country under control of U.S. forces[1] On June 22, 1899, the Malolos Congress promulgated the Malolos Constitution, which established La República Filipina (in Spanish[2]) or The Philippine Republic (in English[3]). After the Spanish–American War was ended by the Treaty of Paris, in which Spain ceded the Philippine archipelago and other Spanish territories to the United States, the Philippine–American War ensued, ending in American victory on July 4, 1902.
From 1901 to 1935, the Philippines was governed by the United States of America. The Governor-General was appointed by the President of the United States and approved by the Senate. Unlike the Governors General of the British Dominions, the American Governors General exercised active executive authority over the nation they were appointed to administer, more like Governors of British colonies.
The Prime Minister of the Philippines (Spanish: Primer Ministro de Filipinas; Tagalog: Punong Ministro ng Pilipinas) was the official position of the head of the government (whereas the President of the Philippines was the head of state) of the Philippines. The position existed in the country from 1978 to 1986, as well as a limited version of such existed temporarily in 1899.
The President of the Philippines is the head of state and government of the Republic of the Philippines. The President of the Philippines in Filipino is referred to as Ang PanguloorPangulo ("Presidente," informally). The executive power is vested in the President of the Philippines.
Andrés Bonifacio was President (titled Supremo) of the Tagalog Republic's revolutionary government from 1896 to 1897. Emilio Aguinaldo was President of the insurgent Philippine Republic revolutionary government from 1899 to 1902. The Philippine government recognises Emilio Aguinaldo as "President of the First Republic".[4]
