Jump to content
 







Main menu
   


Navigation  



Main page
Contents
Current events
Random article
About Wikipedia
Contact us
Donate
 




Contribute  



Help
Learn to edit
Community portal
Recent changes
Upload file
 








Search  

































Create account

Log in
 









Create account
 Log in
 




Pages for logged out editors learn more  



Contributions
Talk
 



















Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 Notes  





2 Bibliography  





3 See also  














Help:IPA/Colognian







Add links
 









Help page
Talk
 

















Read
Edit
View history
 








Tools
   


Actions  



Read
Edit
View history
 




General  



What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Get shortened URL
Download QR code
Wikidata item
 




Print/export  



Download as PDF
Printable version
 
















Appearance
   

 






From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 

< Help:IPA

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Colognian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Colognian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Colognian.

Consonants
IPA Colognian examples English approximation
b Ball, dubbel ball
d dann, Saddel done
Dschungel, wadschele jungle
f Faß, Waffel fuss
ɡ waggele gust
h hatt, Buhai, Bah hut
ɧ Schimie, Weechter, biestig bush
j[1] Jack, wääje yuck
ʒ[1] Geniere, nuschele pleasure
k Kiß, frickele, Pek kiss
l Lack, welle luck
m Mai, summe, öm may
n Noht, Jewenner, Sun not
ŋ senge, lang long
p Peck, Appel, Kapp peck
ʁ Rään, ware gutturalr
s faste, Baß bus
ʃ schäl, Mösche, Bösch bush
t Toon, kötte, Bütt tone
ts Zupp, Mätze, Fuz pizza
tschö, letsche, Matsch chat
v Vas, övver vast
w wat will
x Woche, Loch Scottishloch
z Sunn, lässe zone
ʔ |it, be|erdije, perdü| uh-oh
Pitch accent
IPA Colognian
examples
English
approximation
Explanation
ˈ Bahnhoffstrohße intonation primary stress
ˌ Bahnhoffstrohße secondary stress
◌̂ /ˈʃtîːf/ "stiffness",
/ˈhûːs/ "house (dat.)",
/ˈʃlɛ̂ːʃ/ "beats (n. pl.)",
/ˈzêi/ "sieve",
/ˈkân/ "(tea)pot, jug"[2]
falling tone
(Stoßton,
Accent 1)
Vowels
IPA Colognian examples English approximation
Plaat, Bar, Ahle, Bahn bra
a Ax, spack,
Elend, Feez, Beet somewhat likeplay
e enjonn, seze bed
ɛː Ääpel, Pääd, nää, äänz, Nähl likebed, but long
ɛ Eck, hätt, dä! bed
Ieß, Pief, di, ieser, Dier, auwieh! eat
i mi city
ɪ in, Friko sit
ɔː Ooß, Pooz, booh, Ohß, Pohl, jo bore
ɔ offe, doll, mer on
œː Ööschel, pöze, Blööh, Öl, Pöhl somewhat like urgent
œ Öschel, Pött
øː Ööz, kööze, bleu, Rösje, Bröh
ø Öllije, Kött, ?ömjonn
Ooschel, koot, Ohm, Dooch, Nivoh go
o op, lovve, do hot
ʊː Pattevuel took
ʊ us, Hunk, do, ?Bunn
uze, Pluute, Schmu, Uhr, Bud, esu ooze
u Ussel, Fuz took
üüßerlech, süht, Üül, Lüüß, perdü somewhat likecute
y üvver, müje
ʏ üch, tüntele
ei, Eiter, Weihnaach, zwei, Eier, Weiher, Pavei I, idle, byte, tie
aːʊ Auto, Strauß, mau out, tower, how
Auflach, Zauß, Schabau, ?zaubere, ?Kakau
ei, eins, Zeidung, sei, eine, zeije, Schnei alien, mania, bay
iɐ̯ Liehr, ?Zottier similar todear
Auge, Baum, hau, Aug, sauge, Hau similar to over, stow
ɔʏ Schnäuzer, Heu, Häuche, Häu similar to oil, boy
øʏ Sträuf, Späu, Äujelche, Bäum, 1).ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}">neu
Reduced vowels
ɐ verdonn, Vatter nutor sofa (but not balance)[3]
ə e, en, bedon, de balance (but not sofa)[3]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b The phone [ʒ] occurs also often as a positional allophoneof[j] when a final [ʃ]or[ɧ] of a word stem is either followed by a vowel of a grammatical suffix or becomes voiced under the influence of a liaison or due to coarticulation. Under normal circumstances, [j] is used to transcribe these.
  • ^ Only occurs on stressed vowels. Though a falling tone in Cologne, realizations vary by dialect and accent. Compare these "accent 1" words with their "accent 2" words /ˈʃtiːf/ "stiff", /ˈhuːs/ "house (nom./​acc.)", /ˈʃlɛːʃ/ "bad", /zei/ "she", /kan/『(I/​he) can』without Stoßton
  • ^ a b As several other Germanic languages, Colognian has mid [ə] and open [ɐ] schwas. Care must be taken to clearly distinguish between the two. In English, the former appears in words such as balance, cannon and chairman and the latter variably in sofa, China (especially at the very end of utterance) and, in some dialects, also in ago and again, but one needs to remember that Colognian [ɐ] has no such free variation and is always open, just as [ə] is always mid. In some English dialects, /ʌ/ in words such as nut and strut is a perfect replacement for Colognian [ɐ], but the latter is an unstressed-only vowel that can also appear in open syllables, which generally cannot be said about the English /ʌ/.
  • Bibliography[edit]

    For another simpler phonemic writing system of West Middle German and Meuse-Rhenish including Colognian, see:

    See also[edit]


    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Colognian&oldid=1177110102"

    Category: 
    International Phonetic Alphabet help
    Hidden categories: 
    Pages using the Phonos extension
    Pages with plain IPA
     



    This page was last edited on 26 September 2023, at 01:09 (UTC).

    Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.



    Privacy policy

    About Wikipedia

    Disclaimers

    Contact Wikipedia

    Code of Conduct

    Developers

    Statistics

    Cookie statement

    Mobile view



    Wikimedia Foundation
    Powered by MediaWiki