James Brydges, 3rd Duke of Chandos PC (27 December 1731 – 29 September 1789), styled Viscount Wilton from birth until 1744 and Marquess of Carnarvon from 1744 to 1771, was a British peer and politician.
Chandos was the only son of Henry Brydges, 2nd Duke of Chandos, and Lady Mary Bruce, daughter of Charles Bruce, 3rd Earl of Ailesbury. He was educated at Westminster School from 1742 to 1749, and then at Göttingen University in 1750/1751.[1]
Chandos was Member of Parliament for Winchester from 1754 to 1761 and for Radnorshire between 1761 and 1768.[2] He succeeded in the dukedom upon the death of his father on 28 November 1771.
He was a Gentleman of the BedchambertoGeorge, Prince of Wales from 1760 to 1764, the Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire in 1763–64 and 1771–80, sworn to the Privy Council on 12 May 1775 and appointed Lord Steward of the Household from December 1783 to his death in 1789.[3]
Chandos's first marriage was to Margaret Nicol (1736–1768), daughter of John Nicol of Colney Hatch and Minchenden House, and his wife Winifred Keck, on 22 March 1753. They set up a London home at 39 Upper Grosvenor Street, Mayfair.[4] Margaret inherited much of the great fortune acquired by her grandfather Sir Anthony Keck, and was the owner of a famous portrait of Shakespeare, which came to be known as the Chandos portrait following the marriage.
A decade after the death of his first wife, and having become Duke of Chandos in 1771, he married Anne Eliza Gamon, daughter of Richard Gamon of Datchworth Bury, Datchworth, on 21 June 1777. This second marriage produced the only child to survive to adulthood, Lady Anne Elizabeth Brydges (Lady Kinloss, died 1836)[2] who married Richard Temple-Grenville, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. They were the parents of Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos.
Chandos died in September 1789, aged 57, when the Dukedom became extinct. He was buried in St Lawrence WhitchurchinCanons Park, London.[5] His widow was declared a lunatic and confined to their London home, Chandos House; after her death in 1813, the unexpired lease was sold. She was also made a ward of court. There was a lengthy lawsuit in the Irish Courts over the management of her property. In 1794 judge Richard Power, accountant-general and usher of the Court of Chancery, was accused of misappropriating some of the duchess's income and died in a presumed suicide.
Parliament of Great Britain | ||
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Preceded by | Member of Parliament for Winchester 1754–1761 With: Henry Penton |
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Preceded by | Member of Parliament for Radnorshire 1761–1768 |
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Political offices | ||
Preceded by | Lord Steward 1783–1789 |
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Honorary titles | ||
Preceded by | Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire 1763–1764 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire 1771–1780 |
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Masonic offices | ||
Preceded by | Grand Master of the Premier Grand Lodge of England 1754–1757 |
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Peerage of Great Britain | ||
Preceded by | Duke of Chandos 1771–1789 |
Extinct |
Peerage of England | ||
Preceded by | Baron Chandos 2nd creation 1771–1789 |
Dormant |
Peerage of Scotland | ||
Preceded by | Lord Kinloss 1747–1789 |
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