Joaquín Crespo
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Portrait by Martín Tovar y Tovar
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| President of Venezuela | |
| In office 26 April 1884 – 15 September 1886 | |
| Preceded by | Antonio Guzmán Blanco |
| Succeeded by | Antonio Guzmán Blanco |
| President of Venezuela | |
| In office 7 October 1892 – 28 February 1898 | |
| Preceded by | Guillermo Tell Villegas Pulido |
| Succeeded by | Ignacio Andrade |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1841-08-22)22 August 1841 San Francisco de Cara, Aragua, State of Venezuela |
| Died | 16 April 1898(1898-04-16) (aged 56) La Mata Carmelera, Cojedes, Venezuela |
| Resting place | Southern General Cemetery[1] |
| Political party | Liberal Party |
| Spouse | Jacinta Parejo |
| Signature |  |
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Joaquín Sinforiano de Jesús Crespo Torres (Spanish pronunciation: [xoaˈkin siɱfoˈɾjano ðe xeˈsus ˈkɾespo ˈtores]; 22 August 1841 – 16 April 1898) was a Venezuelan military officer and politician. A member of the Great Liberal Party of Venezuela, he served as the president of Venezuela from 1884 to 1886 and again from 1892 to 1898. He began his career as a soldier during the Federal War.
Joaquín Crespo became president for the first time in 1884. In 1886 Guzmán Blanco returned as president. Crespo went into exile during the presidency of Juan Pablo Rojas Paúl which marked a break with Guzmán Blanco's policies.
During the second Joaquín Crespo regime, which began in 1892, a new constitution increased the presidential term. The Venezuelan crisis of 1895 saw Venezuela's longstanding territorial dispute with Great Britain come to a head, with the United States giving diplomatic support to Venezuela. Britain claimed the territory as part of British Guiana while Venezuela saw it as Venezuelan. The disputed border was submitted to international arbitration. The arbitral panel awarded most of the territory to Britain in 1899 after Crespo's death.
In 1897, Crespo did not campaign for a third presidential term but supported Ignacio Andrade against key opponent Jose Manuel Hernandez. Andrade won the election[2] and inaugurated his term on 28 February,[citation needed] 1898 . Hernandez decried the results as fraudulent and took up arms. Hernandez was quickly defeated, with resultant political turmoil.[2]
Crespo, who remained a military mainstay of the government, was killed in battle on 16 April 1898[3] in the Combat of Mata Carmelera while defending the government of Andrade.[3]
He was buried in the Southern General Cemetery. During the crisis in Venezuela, in 2018, the tomb of Crespo and his wife Jacinta was looted and vandalized, leaving their bodies exposed to the elements.[1]
Crespo was married to Jacinta Parejo,[1] who served as First Lady of Venezuela from 1884 to 1886,[citation needed] and 1892–1898.[citation needed]
Parents Leandro Crespo 1801- 1889 Maria Aquilina Torres 1819 1889
Brothers and Sisters Tiburcio Antonio de Jesus Crespo Torres 1845- Jose Julian Crespo Torres 1848- Juana de la Rosa Crespo Torres 1853 General Luis Benito Crespo Torres 1855-1933 Cornelia Crespo Torres 1856- 1886 Coronel Hipolito de Jesus Crespo Torres 1859- 1898 ( Married to Maria Suarez)
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| Preceded by | President of Venezuela 1884–1886 |
Succeeded by Antonio Guzmán Blanco |
| Preceded by | President of Venezuela 1892–1898 |
Succeeded by |
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| Since 1830 |
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Acting / interim / caretaker presidents shown in italics | ||
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