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(Top) 1 Naming 2 GSSP 3 References

Katian

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Katian

453.0 ± 0.7 – 445.2 ± 1.4 Ma

PreꞒ

Ꞓ

Paleogeography of the Katian, 450 Ma

Chronology

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Stage 10

←

First land plant spores^[1]

←

Ordovician meteor event^[2]^[3]

Subdivision of the Ordovician according to the ICS, as of 2021.^[4]
Vertical axis scale: millions of years ago.

Etymology

Name formality

Formal

Usage information

Celestial body

Earth

Regional usage

Global (ICS)

Time scale(s) used

ICS Time Scale

Definition

Chronological unit

Age

Stratigraphic unit

Stage

Time span formality

Formal

Lower boundary definition

FAD of the graptolite Diplacanthograptus caudatus

Lower boundary GSSP

Black Knob Ridge section, Oklahoma, United States
34°25′50″N 96°04′29″W / 34.4305°N 96.0746°W

Lower GSSP ratified

2006^[5]

Upper boundary definition

FAD of the graptoliteNormalograptus extraordinarius

Upper boundary GSSP

Wangjiawan section, Wangjiawan, Yichang, China
30°59′03″N 111°25′11″E / 30.9841°N 111.4197°E

Upper GSSP ratified

2006^[6]

The Katian is the second stage of the Upper Ordovician. It is preceded by the Sandbian and succeeded by the Hirnantian Stage. The Katian began 453 million years ago and lasted for about 7.8 million years until the beginning of the Hirnantian 445.2 million years ago.^[7] During the Katian the climate cooled which started the Late Ordovician glaciation.

Naming[edit]

The name Katian is derived from Katy Lake (Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States).^[8]

GSSP[edit]

The GSSP of the Katian Stage is the Black Knob Ridge Section in southeastern Oklahoma (United States). It is an outcrop of the Womble Shale and the Bigfork Chert, the latter containing the lower boundary of the Katian. The lower boundary is defined as the first appearance datum of the graptolite species Diplacanthograptus caudatus. This horizon is 4.0 m above the base of the Bigfork Chert.^[9]^[10]

References[edit]

^ Wellman, C.H.; Gray, J. (2000). "The microfossil record of early land plants". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 355 (1398): 717–732. doi:10.1098/rstb.2000.0612. PMC 1692785. PMID 10905606.

^ Korochantseva, Ekaterina; Trieloff, Mario; Lorenz, Cyrill; Buykin, Alexey; Ivanova, Marina; Schwarz, Winfried; Hopp, Jens; Jessberger, Elmar (2007). "L-chondrite asteroid breakup tied to Ordovician meteorite shower by multiple isochron 40 Ar- 39 Ar dating". Meteoritics & Planetary Science. 42 (1): 113–130. Bibcode:2007M&PS...42..113K. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2007.tb00221.x.

^ Lindskog, A.; Costa, M. M.; Rasmussen, C.M.Ø.; Connelly, J. N.; Eriksson, M. E. (2017-01-24). "Refined Ordovician timescale reveals no link between asteroid breakup and biodiversification". Nature Communications. 8: 14066. doi:10.1038/ncomms14066. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 5286199. PMID 28117834. It has been suggested that the Middle Ordovician meteorite bombardment played a crucial role in the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, but this study shows that the two phenomena were unrelated

^ "Chart/Time Scale". www.stratigraphy.org. International Commission on Stratigraphy.

^ Goldman, Daniel; Leslie, Stephen; Nõlvak, Jaak; Young, Seth; Bergström, Stig; Huff, Warren (December 2007). "The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Katian Stage of the Upper Ordovician Series at Black Knob Ridge, Southeastern Oklahoma, USA". Episodes. 30 (4): 258–270. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i4/002. Retrieved 13 December 2020.

^ Chen, Xu; Rong, Jiayu; Fan, Junxuan; Zhan, Renbin; Mitchell, Charles; Harper, David; Melchin, Michael; Peng, Ping'an; Finney, Stan; Wang, Xiaofeng (September 2006). "The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Hirnantian Stage (the uppermost of the Ordovician System)". Episodes. 29 (3): 183–195. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2006/v29i3/004.

^ "GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Geologic Timescale Foundation. Retrieved 2 December 2012.

^ Bergström, Stig; Finney, Stanley; Xu, Chen; Goldman, Daniel; Leslie, Stephen (31 August 2006). "Three new Ordovician global stage names". Lethaia. 39 (3): 287–288. doi:10.1080/00241160600847439.

^ Goldman, Daniel; Stephen A. Leslie; Jaak Nõlvak; Seth Young; Stig M. Bergström; Warren D. Huff (2007). "The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Katian Stage of the Upper Ordovician Series at Black Knob Ridge, Southeastern Oklahoma, USA" (PDF). Episodes. 30 (4): 258–270. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i4/002. Retrieved 20 September 2012.

^ "GSSP for Katian Stage". Geologic Timescale Foundation. Retrieved 2 December 2012.

Geological history of Earth

Cenozoic Era
(present–66.0 Ma)

Quaternary (present–2.58 Ma)

Neogene (2.58–23.0 Ma)

Paleogene (23.0–66.0 Ma)

Mesozoic Era
(66.0–252 Ma)

Cretaceous (66.0–145 Ma)

Jurassic (145–201 Ma)

Triassic (201–252 Ma)

Paleozoic Era
(252–539 Ma)

Permian (252–299 Ma)	Lopingian (252–260 Ma) Guadalupian (260–272 Ma) Cisuralian (272–299 Ma)
Carboniferous (299–359 Ma)	Pennsylvanian (299–323 Ma) Mississippian (323–359 Ma)
Devonian (359–419 Ma)	Late (359–383 Ma) Middle (383–393 Ma) Early (393–419 Ma)
Silurian (419–444 Ma)	Pridoli (419–423 Ma) Ludlow (423–427 Ma) Wenlock (427–433 Ma) Llandovery (433–444 Ma)
Ordovician (444–485 Ma)	Late (444–458 Ma) Middle (458–470 Ma) Early (470–485 Ma)
Cambrian (485–539 Ma)	Furongian (485–497 Ma) Miaolingian (497–509 Ma) Series 2 (509–521 Ma) Terreneuvian (521–539 Ma)

Proterozoic Eon
(539 Ma–2.5 Ga)

Neoproterozoic (539 Ma–1 Ga)

Mesoproterozoic (1–1.6 Ga)

Paleoproterozoic (1.6–2.5 Ga)

Archean Eon (2.5–4 Ga)

Hadean Eon (4–4.6 Ga)

ka = kiloannum (thousands years ago); Ma = megaannum (millions years ago); Ga = gigaannum (billions years ago).
See also: Geologic time scale • Geology portal • World portal

34°25′50″N 96°04′29″W / 34.4305°N 96.0746°W / 34.4305; -96.0746

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