Kemenche (Turkish: kemençe) or Lyra is a name used for various types of stringed bowed musical instruments originating in the Eastern Mediterranean, particularly in Greece, Armenia, Iran, Turkey, and Azerbaijan.[1] and regions adjacent to the Black Sea. These instruments are folk instruments, generally having three strings and played held upright with their tail on the knee of the musician.[2] The name Kemenche derives from the Persian Kamancheh, meaning a "small bow".[3]
The Kemençe of the Black Sea (Turkish: Karadeniz kemençesi), also known as Pontic kemencheorPontic lyra (Greek: Ποντιακή λύρα), is a box-shaped lute (321.322), while the classical kemençe (Turkish: Klasik kemençeorArmudî kemençe, Greek: Πολίτικη Λύρα) is a bowl-shaped lute (321.321).
Other bowed instruments have names sharing the same Persian etymology include the kamancheh (orKabak kemane in Turkish), a spike lute (321.31), and the Cappadocian kemane, an instrument closely related to the kemenche of the Black Sea with added sympathetic strings. Though, Circassians of Caucasus also have the same instrument in their own language named as Shikepshine which basically means horse tail violin.
The Persian word for bow is kaman, and kamancheh is the diminutive form.[dead link]
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