| Kol | |
|---|---|
| Region | East New Britain Province |
Native speakers | (4,000 cited 1991)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | kol |
| Glottolog | kolp1236 |
| ELP | Kol |
The Kol language is a language spoken in eastern New Britain island, Papua New Guinea. There are about 4000 speakers in Pomio DistrictofEast New Britain Province, mostly on the southern side of New Britain island.[2]
Kol appears to be a language isolate, though it may be distantly related to the poorly attested Sulka language or form part of the proposed East Papuan languages.[3]
Phonology of the Kol language:[4]
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p b | t | k g | |
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |
| Rhotic | r | |||
| Lateral | l | |||
| Fricative | s | |||
| Approximant | w | j |
/b, r/ can be realized as [β, d] as intervocalic allophones. /r/ is pronounced as [d] when following a nasal consonant.
Kol displays vowel length contrast.
| Front | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | u uː | |
| Mid | e eː | o oː | |
| Low | æː | ɑ ɑː | ɒ ɒː |
The following basic vocabulary words are from SIL field notes (1962, 1981), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[5]
| gloss | Kol |
|---|---|
| head | ˈkel.a; kela keřne |
| hair | ˈkomɒ; komɔʔ kalɛane |
| ear | ˈbula; bula kɛřlɛ |
| eye | pelnɛl; ˈpenel |
| nose | taˈli:; tali keřne |
| tooth | ˈmire; mi̠řɛ kɛřnɛ |
| tongue | dal kɛřnɛ; raal |
| leg | pe:re |
| louse | ˈtare; ta̠řɛ |
| dog | kuˈɒ:; kwa |
| pig | bu |
| bird | ˈule; ulɛ |
| egg | ˈkondola; kondo̠la |
| blood | ˈbe:la |
| bone | ˈti:le |
| skin | tomalu gomo; toˈmolu |
| breast | ˈtombo; to̠to la̠nɛ |
| tree | ˈti:nel; ti̠nɛl |
| man | mo; tɒ: ˈti:niŋ |
| woman | daiƀɛ; ra:l |
| sun | ˈkarege; kařɛ̠qɛ |
| moon | ˈigu; i̠qu |
| water | ˈgonu; qu̠nu |
| fire | kuˈoŋ; kuɔŋ |
| stone | ˈlela; lɛla |
| road, path | kɛrɛa; ˈkeria |
| name | ˈole |
| eat | mo raŋ kal oŋ; tam·a |
| one | ˈpusuɒ; titus |
| two | tɛřɛŋ; teˈtepe |
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