The method was introduced in Jonas Kubilius's monograph Tikimybiniai metodai skaičių teorijoje (published in Lithuanian in 1959)[2] / Probabilistic Methods in the Theory of Numbers (published in English in 1964) .[3]
Eugenijus Manstavičius and Fritz Schweiger wrote about Kubilius's work in 1992, "the most impressive work has been done on the statistical theory of arithmetic functions which almost created a new research area called Probabilistic Number Theory. A monograph (Probabilistic Methods in the Theory of Numbers) devoted to this topic was translated into English in 1964 and became very influential."[4]: xi
^Schwarz, W. (1994). "Some aspects of the development of probabilistic number theory". In Grigelionis, B.; Kubilius, J.; Pragarauskas, H.; Statulevičius, V. (eds.). Probability theory and mathematical statistics: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference held in Vilnius, June 28–July 3, 1993. Vilnius: TEV. pp. 661–701. MR1649606.; see p. 674
