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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Systematic IUPAC name
(2R)-2-Acetamido-3-({(2R,3S,4R)-3-hydroxy-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl]-4-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl}sulfanyl)propanoic acid | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider |
 N |
| MeSH | Lactacystin |
PubChem CID |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C15H24N2O7S | |
| Molar mass | 376.42 g·mol−1 |
| log P | 0.086 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.106 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 10.891 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Lactacystin is an organic compound naturally synthesizedbybacteria of the genus Streptomyces first identified as an inducer of neuritogenesis in neuroblastoma cells in 1991.[1] The target of lactacystin was subsequently found to be the proteasome on the basis of its affinity for certain catalytic subunits of the proteasome by Fenteany and co-workers in 1995.[2] The proteasome is a protein complex responsible for the bulk of proteolysis in the cell, as well as proteolytic activation of certain protein substrates. Lactacystin was the first non-peptidic proteasome inhibitor discovered and is widely used as a research tool in biochemistry and cell biology. The transformation product of lactacystin clasto-lactacystin β-lactone (also known as omuralide) covalently modifies the amino-terminal threonine of specific catalytic subunits of the proteasome, a discovery that helped to establish the proteasome as a mechanistically novel class of protease: an amino-terminal threonine protease. The molecule is commonly used in biochemistry and cell biology laboratories as a selective inhibitor of the proteasome.[2][3] The first total synthesis of lactacystin was developed in 1992 by Corey and Reichard,[4] and a number of other syntheses of this molecule have also been published. There are more than 1,660 entries for lactacystin in PubMed as of January 2019.
