Langzhong
阆中市
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Location of Langzhong City (red) in Nanchong City (yellow) and Sichuan
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  Langzhong Location of the city centre in Sichuan | |
| Coordinates (Langzhong government): 31°33′29″N 106°00′18″E / 31.558°N 106.005°E / 31.558; 106.005 | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Sichuan |
| Prefecture-level city | Nanchong |
| Municipal seat | Qili Subdistrict |
| Area | |
| • County-level City | 1,877 km2 (725 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 888 m (2,913 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 328 m (1,076 ft) |
| Population | |
| • County-level City | 880,000 |
| • Density | 470/km2 (1,200/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 250,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard Time) |
| Website | www |
| Langzhong | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 閬中 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 阆中 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | Within the Dry Moat | ||||||
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| Former names | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baoning | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 保寧 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 保宁 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | Pacified-Protecting | ||||||
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Langzhong (formerly known as Paoning) is a county-level city in northeastern Sichuan province, China, located on the middle reaches of the Jialing River. It is administered as part of the prefecture-level cityofNanchong. Langzhong has a total population of 880,000, with 250,000 residing in the urban area.[1]
Langzhong is famous for its historic centre, home to 30,000 of its residents.[2][3][4] It is one of the best preserved historic towns of China, dating back to the Tang dynasty.[5] The city was also the seat of the former Anglican Diocese of Szechwan.
The site of present-day Langzhong served for a time as the capital of Ba, a native but sinicized Sichuan state during China's Warring States period. It takes its present name from its role as the seat of Langzhong County, established by Qin two years after[6] its 316 BC conquestofShu and Ba. Under the Han and Tang, it was an important center for astronomical research. Under the Yuan, Ming, and Qing, it was known as Baoning.[a] Over the late imperial period, it served as Sichuan's provincial capital for a total of ten years. It was well known for its salt wells.[7] It has also long been an important military town of Sichuan.[8]
Since 1985, the PRC government has awarded Langzhong with various accolades on three separate occasions.[6] In 1986 the State Council named it a famous and historical town. In 1991, it was finally upgraded to county-level city status.
Langzhong is located in the northeast of the province and the northern part of the Sichuan Basin on the middle reaches of the Jialing River. Within the city's administrative area, elevations generally increase from southwest to northeast and range from 328 metres (1,076 ft) to 888 metres (2,913 ft), while rivers flow for 59.4 kilometres (36.9 mi).[6] The area is dominated by low-lying mountains and hills.
As with much of the rest of the province, Langzhong has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), with dry, temperate winters, and long, hot, humid summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 6.1 °C (43.0 °F) in January to 26.7 °C (80.1 °F) in July. The frost-free period lasts 290 days per year, while annual sunshine amounts to 1,400 hours.[6] Close to two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September.
| Climate data for Langzhong, elevation 383 m (1,257 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.8 (69.4) |
23.6 (74.5) |
31.1 (88.0) |
34.9 (94.8) |
36.4 (97.5) |
36.3 (97.3) |
39.6 (103.3) |
40.6 (105.1) |
37.9 (100.2) |
31.3 (88.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
18.6 (65.5) |
40.6 (105.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.9 (49.8) |
12.8 (55.0) |
17.8 (64.0) |
23.5 (74.3) |
27.2 (81.0) |
29.6 (85.3) |
32.0 (89.6) |
32.2 (90.0) |
26.7 (80.1) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
10.9 (51.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.3 (43.3) |
8.8 (47.8) |
12.9 (55.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
21.9 (71.4) |
24.9 (76.8) |
27.2 (81.0) |
26.9 (80.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
17.5 (63.5) |
12.6 (54.7) |
7.7 (45.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
9.4 (48.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
17.8 (64.0) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.2 (73.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
15.1 (59.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
5.5 (41.9) |
14.1 (57.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.1 (26.4) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
4.0 (39.2) |
10.0 (50.0) |
14.3 (57.7) |
17.4 (63.3) |
17.0 (62.6) |
13.3 (55.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13.9 (0.55) |
15.9 (0.63) |
30.9 (1.22) |
63.6 (2.50) |
112.4 (4.43) |
161.0 (6.34) |
190.0 (7.48) |
162.1 (6.38) |
147.8 (5.82) |
66.9 (2.63) |
30.7 (1.21) |
11.2 (0.44) |
1,006.4 (39.63) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 7.5 | 7.0 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 12.3 | 13.1 | 13.3 | 11.0 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 8.2 | 6.5 | 125.6 |
| Average snowy days | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79 | 75 | 72 | 72 | 71 | 76 | 78 | 76 | 81 | 83 | 81 | 80 | 77 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 46.4 | 50.6 | 88.9 | 120.0 | 129.3 | 117.0 | 150.2 | 165.9 | 88.5 | 68.3 | 58.7 | 43.7 | 1,127.5 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 14 | 16 | 24 | 31 | 30 | 28 | 35 | 41 | 24 | 19 | 19 | 14 | 25 |
| Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[9][10] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[11] | |||||||||||||
Langzhong comprises 5 subdistricts, 19 towns, 3 townships and 1 ethnic township:[12]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878). "China". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
