Contents

List of Indian Nobel laureates

First instituted in 1901, the Nobel Prize has been awarded to a total of 989 individuals (930 men and 59 women) and 30 organizations as of 2022^[update].^[1] Among the recipients, 12 are Indians of which 5 are Indian citizens and 7 are of Indian ancestry or residency. Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian citizen to be awarded and also first Asian to be awarded in 1913. Mother Teresa is the only woman among the list of recipients.^[2] Sri Aurobindo, the Indian poet, philosopher, nationalist and developer of Integral yoga, was nominated unsuccessfully for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1943 and for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950.^[3][4]

On 1 December 1999, the Norwegian Nobel Committee confirmed that Mahatma Gandhi was nominated unsuccessfully for the Peace Prize five times (from 1937 to 1939, in 1947 and a few days before he was assassinated in January 1948).^[5] In 2006, Geir Lundestad, the Secretary of Norwegian Nobel Committee, cited it as "the greatest omission in our 106-year history".^[6][7][8]

Laureates[edit]

Two (Tagore and Raman) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of British India at the time they were awarded. Three (Teresa, Sen, and Satyarthi) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of India and four (Khorana, Chandrasekhar, Ramakrishnan, and Banerjee) were Indian by birth but subsequently non-citizens of India. One (Naipaul) is a Trinidad and Tobago born British Nobel laureate of Indian origin.

Year	Image	Laureate	Family	Born	Died	Field
Citizens of British India at the time they were awarded Nobel Prize
1913		Rabindranath Tagore (Rabindranath Thakur)	Bengali Hindu Brahmin family, Khulna, Bengal, now Bangladesh (East Bengal)	7 May 1861 Calcutta, Bengal, now West Bengal	7 August 1941 Calcutta, Bengal, now West Bengal	Winner of Nobel PrizeinLiterature for his Bengali poems Gitanjali (Bengali: গীতাঞ্জলি, English: Song Offering, a collection of poems), only Indian (British Indian Citizen) to win Nobel PrizeinLiterature, first Asian to win Nobel Prize, first non-European to win Nobel Prize
1930		Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman	Tamil Hindu Brahmin family, Thanjavur, Madras Presidency, now Tamil Nadu (South India)	7 November 1888 Tiruchirapalli, Madras Presidency, now Tamil Nadu (South India)	21 November 1970 Bangalore, Karnataka (South India)	Winner of Nobel PrizeinPhysics for the discovery of Raman Effect/Scattering by him, only Indian (British Indian Citizen) to win Nobel PrizeinScience, first Asian to win Nobel PrizeinScience
Citizens of India at the time they were awarded Nobel Prize
1979		Mother Teresa (Teresa Bojaxhiu)	Macedonian Christian family, Ottoman Empire, now North Macedonia (Europe)	26 August 1910 Ottoman Empire, now North Macedonia (Europe)	5 September 1997 Calcutta, West Bengal	Winner of Nobel Peace Prize for her work for bringing help to suffering Humanity
1998		Amartya Sen	Bengali Hindu family, Dhaka, Bengal, now Bangladesh (East Bengal)	3 November 1933 Bolpur, Bengal, now West Bengal	—	Winner of Nobel Prize (Nobel Memorial Prize) in Economics for his contribution to Welfare Economics, only Indian (Indian Citizen) to win Nobel Prize (Nobel Memorial Prize) in Economics
2014		Kailash Satyarthi (Kailash Sharma)	Malwi Hindu Brahmin family, Vidisha, Madhya Bharat State, now Madhya Pradesh	11 January 1954 Vidisha, Madhya Bharat State, now Madhya Pradesh	—	Winner of Nobel Peace Prize for his struggle against the suppression of Children and for the right of all ChildrentoEducation
British Indians and Indians by birth and British Indian and Indian origin but non-citizens of India at the time they were awarded Nobel Prize
1968		Har Gobind Khorana (Citizen of United States of America)	Punjabi Hindu family, Multan, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab (West Punjab)	9 January 1922 Raipur, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab (West Punjab)	9 November 2011 Massachusetts, United States of America (USA)	Winner of Nobel PrizeinPhysiology (Medicine) for his interpretation of the Genetic Code and its function in Protein Synthesis
1983		Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (Citizen of United States of America)	Tamil Hindu Brahmin family, Thanjavur, Madras Presidency, now Tamil Nadu (South India)	19 October 1910 Lahore, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab (West Punjab)	21 August 1995 Chicago, United States of America (USA)	Winner of Nobel PrizeinPhysics for his theory of Chandrasekhar Limit
2001		Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul (Citizen of United Kingdom)	Bhojpuri Hindu Brahmin family, Gorakhpur, United Province, now Uttar Pradesh	17 August 1932 Trinidad and Tobago (Caribbean)	11 August 2018 London, United Kingdom (England)	Winner of Nobel PrizeinLiterature for his English novel Half a Life
2009		Venki Ramakrishnan (Citizen of United States of America)	Tamil Hindu family, Cuddalore, Madras State, now Tamil Nadu (South India)	1 April 1952 Chidambaram, Madras State, now Tamil Nadu (South India)	—	Winner of Nobel PrizeinChemistry for his studies of the structure and function of the Ribosome
2019		Abhijit Banerjee (Citizen of United States of America)	Bengali Hindu Brahmin family, Hooghly, West Bengal	21 February 1961 Bombay, Maharashtra	—	Winner of Nobel Prize (Nobel Memorial Prize) in Economics for his experimental approach to alleviating Global Poverty
Expatriates
1902		Ronald Ross	13 May 1857 Almora, Uttarakhand	16 September 1932 London, United Kingdom	Physiology or Medicine	"for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it."[9]
1907		Joseph Rudyard Kipling	30 December 1865 Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra	18 January 1936 London, United Kingdom	Literature	"in consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world-famous author."[10]

Nominees[edit]

Image	Laureate	Born	Died	Years Nominated	Citation	Nominator(s)
Peace
	Nicholas Roerich	19 October 1874 in Saint Petersburg, Russia	13 December 1947 in Naggar, Himachal Pradesh, India	1929	"for his dedication to the cause of preserving art and architecture during times of war."[11]	Georges Chklaver[a] (1897–1970)   Switzerland
				1933		Mikhail von Taube[b] (1869–1961)  Russia
				1935		Henry Pratt Fairchild (1880–1956)  United States
						Sol Bloom (1870–1949)  United States
	Annie Wood Besant	1 October 1847 in Clapham, England, United Kingdom	20 September 1933 in Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India	1931	"for having been actively involved in educational and humanitarian work in India, establishing the Indian Home Rule League and for her efforts to solve the Indian "problem", thereby securing world peace by uniting East and West."[12]	Peter Freeman (1888–1956)  United Kingdom
	Raja Mahendra Pratap	1 December 1886 in Mursan, Uttar Pradesh, India	29 April 1979 in Madras, Tamil Nadu, India	1932	"for travelling around the world to create awareness about the situation in Afghanistan and India."[13]	Nils August Nilsson (1860–1940)  Sweden
	Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi	2 October 1869 Porbandar, Gujarat	30 January 1948 New Delhi, Delhi	1937, 1938, 1939, 1947, 1948	[14]	Ole Colbjørnsen (1897–1973) B. G. Kher (1888–1957) Mavalankar (1888–1956) Govind Ballabh Pant (1887–1961) Emily Greene Balch (1867–1961) Christian S. Oftedal (1907–1955) American Friends Service Committee 5 professors of Philosophy at Columbia University (Herbert Schneider) 6 Professors of Law at the University of Bordeaux (Maurice Duverger) Frede Castberg (1893–1977)
Physics
	Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman	7 November 1888 Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu	21 November 1970 Bangalore, Karnataka	1929, 1930	"for his work in the field of light scattering and the discovery of a modified scattering called Raman effect."[15]	Charles Fabry (1867–1945) Niels Bohr (1885–1962) Jean Baptiste Perrin (1870–1942) Orest Khvolson (1852–1934) Eugene Bloch (1878–1944) Louis de Broglie (1892–1987) Maurice de Broglie (1875–1960) Richard Pfeiffer (1858–1945) Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937) Johannes Stark (1874–1957) Charles Thomas Wilson (1869–1959)
	Meghnad Saha	6 October 1893 Dhaka, Bangladesh	16 February 1956 New Delhi	1930, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1951, 1955	"for developing the Saha ionization equation, used to describe chemical and physical conditions in stars."[16]	Debendra Mohan Bose (1885–1975) Sisir Kumar Mitra (1890–1963) Arthur Compton (1892–1962)
	Arthur Edwin Kennelly*	17 December 1861 Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra	18 June 1939 Boston, Massachusetts, United States	1935	"for his contributions to the theory of electrical transmission and to the development of international electrical standards."[17]	John Macgregor-Morris (1872–1959) Hans Zickendraht (1881–1956)
	Homi Jehangir Bhabha	30 October 1909 Mumbai, Maharashtra	24 January 1966 Mont Blanc, Alps, France	1951, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956	"for his discovery of the cascade process of cosmic radiation and Bhabha Scattering in quantum electrodynamics."[18]	Jacques Hadamard (1865–1963)
	Satyendra Nath Bose	1 January 1894 Kolkata, West Bengal	4 February 1974 Kolkata, West Bengal	1956, 1959, 1962, 1968, 1969	"for developing the foundation for Bose statistics and the theory of the Bose condensate in quantum mechanics."[19]	Kedareswar Banerjee (1900–1975) Daulat Singh Kothari (1906–1993) Shibapratim Bagchi (?) Anindya Dutta (?) M. G. K. Menon (1928–2016)
	Robert Hanbury Brown*	31 August 1916 Aruvankadu, Tamil Nadu	16 January 2002 Andover, Hampshire, United Kingdom	1965, 1966	"for developing the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect leading to the creation of intensity interferometers."[20][21]	Emil Wolf (1922–2018) Louis de Broglie (1892–1987)
	Richard Quinn Twiss*	24 August 1920 Shimla, Himachal Pradesh	20 May 2005 Sydney, Australia
Chemistry
	Roger John Williams*	14 August 1893 Ooty, Tamil Nadu	20 February 1988 Austin, Texas, United States	1960	"for his work on vitamins, particularly on discovering and isolating vitamin B6, lipoic acid, and avidin."[22]	William Shive (1916–2001) Richard Ronald Eakin (b. 1938) Lowell Reed (1886–1966)
	Gopalasamudram Narayanan Ramachandran	8 October 1922 Ernakulam, Kerala	7 April 2001 Chennai, Tamil Nadu	1964	"for developing the Ramachandran plot for understanding peptide structure."[23]	Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888–1970)
	Thiruvengadam Rajendram Seshadri	3 February 1900 Kulithalai, Tamil Nadu	27 September 1975 New Delhi	1966, 1968	"for his research on oxygen heterocyclic compounds."[24]	N. Subba Rao (?) B. Jain (?)
Literature
	Joseph Rudyard Kipling*	30 December 1865 Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra	18 January 1936 London, United Kingdom	1903, 1904, 1905, 1907	[25]	Edwin Arnold (1832–1904) William John Loftie (1839–1911) Charles Oman (1860–1946)
	Rabindranath Tagore	7 May 1861 Kolkata, West Bengal	7 August 1941 Kolkata, West Bengal	1913	[26]	Thomas Sturge Moore (1870–1944)
	Rabindranath Datta	1 October 1883 Kolkata, West Bengal	6 July 1917 Kolkata, West Bengal	1916	[27]	Mano Gangedy (?) Raya Yatindra Chondhury (?)
	Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan	5 September 1888 Thiruttani, Tamil Nadu	17 April 1975 Chennai, Tamil Nadu	1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963	[28]	Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) The Indian PEN-Club Nirmal Kumar Sidhanta (1929–2014) Hywel Lewis (1910–1992) Arthur John Arberry (1905–1969) Suniti Kumar Chatterji (1890–1977)
	James Cousins*	22 July 1873 Belfast, Northern Ireland	20 February 1956 Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh	1935	[29]	Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941)
	Hari Mohan Banerjee			1936	[30]	Devadatta Ramakrishna Bhandarkar (1875–1950)
	Bensadhar Majumdar			1937, 1939	[31]	Sen Satyendranath (1909–?) Mukundadeb Chatterjee (?)
	Mohammad Hosain Khan (probably Mohammad Habib (1895–1971))			1938	[32]	Per Hallström (1866–1960)
	Sanjib Chaudhuri			1938, 1939	[33]	Mahmud Hasan (1897–1944) R. K. Danungo (?)
	Sri Aurobindo Ghose	15 August 1872 Kolkata, West Bengal	5 December 1950 Pondicherry, Union Territory of Puducherry	1943	[34]	Francis Younghusband (1863–1942)
	Sachidananda Routray	13 May 1916 Gurujang, Odisha	21 August 2004 Cuttack, Odisha	1959	[35]	Radhakamal Mukerjee (1889–1968)
	Lawrence Durrell*	27 February 1912 Jalandhar, Punjab	7 November 1990 Sommières, Gard, France	1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1971	[36]	Hjalmar Gullberg (1898–1961) Wolfgang Iser (1926–2007) Paul Verniére (1916–1997) Erich Burck (1901–1994) Georg Luck (1926–2013) Paul Gerhard Buchloh (1922–1986) Henry Olsson (1896–1985) Harald Patzer (1910–2005) Haydn Trevor Mason (1929–2018)
	Gopal Singh	29 November 1917 Panaji, Goa	8 August 1990 Panaji, Goa	1965	[37]	Karl Ragnar Gierow (1904–1982) Henrik Samuel Nyberg (1889–1974)
	Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay	27 July 1898 Labhpur, West Bengal	14 September 1971 Kolkata, West Bengal	1971	[38]	Krishna Kripalani (1907–1992)
	Indira Devi Dhanrajgir	17 August 1930 Hyderabad, Telangana, India	—	1973	[39]	Krishna Srinivas (1913–2007)  India
	Pratap Narayan Tandon	—	—	1973	[40]	Brij Behari Nayak (?)  India

See also[edit]

• List of Nobel laureates
• List of Nobel laureates by country
• List of Asian Nobel laureates

Notes[edit]

References[edit]