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The Indian state of West Bengal is the site of India's first modern university and 33 universities are listed under the University Grants Commission (India).[1]
In West Bengal the medium of instruction in colleges and universities is usually in Bengali, English. Diploma, certificate courses, advanced diploma program, post graduate course and doctoral programs are offered. Research programs offered by the universities are conducted with the aid of specialised institute.
Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal has played a pioneering role in the development of the modern education system in India. Western models of education came to India through this city. Many of the first schools and colleges were established by the missionaries and reformists. Sir William Jones (philologist) established the Asiatic Society in 1784 for promoting oriental studies. People like Ram Mohan Roy, David Hare, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Ashutosh Mukherjee and William Carey played a leading role in the setting up of modern schools and colleges in the city. The Fort William College was established in 1800. The Hindu College was established in 1817, renamed the Presidency College in 1855.[2]
William Carey established the Serampore College in the city of Serampore in 1818. It went on to become India's first modern university in 1827 when it was incorporated by a Royal Charter as a Danish University. The Sanskrit College was established in 1824. Reverend Alexander Duff of the Church of Scotland established the General Assembly's Institution in 1830 and later the Free Church Institution in 1844, which were later merged to form what is now known as the Scottish Church College, Calcutta. These institutions played a significant role in what came to be known as the Young Bengal Movement and the Bengal Renaissance. La Martiniere Calcutta was established in 1836.
The oldest medical school in Asia, the Calcutta Medical College was set up in 1835. In 1857, the University of Calcutta was established as the first full-fledged multi-disciplinary university in south Asia. It was modelled on the lines of the University of London. Today it is amongst the largest multidisciplinary universities of India and offers some of the widest number of academic disciplines for study.
John Bethune established a school for Indian girls in 1850 at a time when women's education was frowned upon in the society. The Bethune College for girls was set up by him in 1879.[3]
In 1856 technical and engineering education came with the establishment of a civil engineering college / department. This setup went through various reorganisations to finally become the Bengal Engineering College in 1921. The Jesuit administered St Xavier's College was established in 1860. Bengal Engineering and Science University is the second oldest engineering institutes in the country and it was started in the year 1864. They offer the following programs such as B.E, M.E, MCA, MBA, MSC, B. Arch. and Ph.D. programs. Apart from this they also provide part-time courses in the evening for the professionals.[4]
The nation's first homoeopathy college was established in the city in 1880. In 1883 Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu became the first women graduates from the University of Calcutta. In the process, they became the first female graduates of the British Empire. Kadambini went on to become the first female physician trained in the Western system of medicine in South Asia.
In 1906, the partition of Bengal led to widespread nationalistic and anti-British feelings.[5] This led to the setting up of the National Council of Education, Bengal. The Science College was established in 1917. The first blind school came into being in 1925.
After independence, Calcutta continued to be in the forefront of the educational scene. The Government College of Art & Craft was established in 1951. The National Council of Education became the Jadavpur University in 1955. The Rabindra Bharati University was established in 1962. This university offers courses in the fine and performing arts. The Indian Institute of Social Welfare and Business Management was set up in 1953 as the country's first management institute and is also the first in the country to offer an MBA degree of a university. The first, Indian Institute of Technology was set up at Kharagpur about 120 km from Calcutta. In 1960 the Regional Engineering college (presently National Institute of Technology) at Durgapur was set up. It is amongst the top NITs in India and also among the oldest. Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, the first among the Indian Institutes of Management, was set up in 1961 at Joka. It was the first national institute for post-graduate studies and research in management sciences. It was established with the help of the MIT Sloan School of Management and the Ford Foundation.
| University | Location | Type | Established | Specialization | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visva-Bharati University | Shantiniketan | Central University | 1921 | Arts, Sciences, Social Work, Agriculture, Fine arts, Designing, Music, Drama | [7] |
| University | Location | Type | Established | Specialization | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering & Technology | Malda | GFTI | 2010 | Engineering | [8] |
| Institutes | Location | Type | Established | Specialization | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian Institute of Management Calcutta | Joka | Autonomous | 1961 | Social Sciences and Management | [9] |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata | Haringhata | Autonomous | 2006 | Basic Sciences, Applied Sciences | [10] |
| Indian Statistical Institute | Baranagar | Autonomous | 1959 | Basic Sciences, Applied Sciences, Social Sciences | [11] |
| Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Kharagpur | Autonomous | 1951 | Science, Management, Engineering & Technology, Law | [12] |
| Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur | Howrah | Autonomous | 1856 | Sciences, Management, Engineering & Technology | [13] |
| Indian Institute of Information Technology, Kalyani | Kalyani | Autonomous | 2014 | Engineering & Technology, Sciences | [14] |
| National Institute of Technology, Durgapur | Durgapur | Autonomous | 1960 | Engineering & Technology, Sciences, Management | [15] |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata | Kolkata | Autonomous | 2007 | Pharmacy | [16] |
| All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani | Kalyani | Autonomous | 2019 | Medical, Nursing | [17] |
| University | Location | Type | Established | Specialization | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science | Kolkata | Deemed university | 1876 | Basic sciences, applied sciences | [19] |
| Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute | Belur Math | Deemed university | 2005 | Agricultural Management, Rural Development, Basic Sciences, Indian Culture and Spirituality | [33] |
| National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research, Kolkata | Kolkata | Deemed university | 1965 | Engineering & Technology | [34] |
| University | Location | Type | Established | Specialization | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences | Kolkata | National Law University | 1999 | Law | [35] |
| University | Location | Type | Established | Specialization | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aliah University | Kolkata | State | 2008 | Arts, Sciences, Engineering, Management, Islamic Studies | [36] |
| Alipurduar University | Alipurduar | State | 2020 | Arts, Sciences, Commerce | [37] |
| Baba Saheb Ambedkar Education University | Kolkata | State | 2015 | Teachers Training, B.Ed. M.Ed | [38] |
| Bankura University | Bankura | State | 2014 | Arts, Sciences, Law | [39] |
| Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya | Nadia | State | 1974 | Agriculture, Horticulture and Agricultural Engineering | [40] |
| Biswa Bangla Biswabidyalay | Bolpur | State | 2020 | Arts, Sciences | [41] |
| University of Burdwan | Purba Bardhaman | State | 1960 | Arts, Sciences, Commerce, Engineering and Law | [42] |
| University of Calcutta | Kolkata | State | 1857 | Arts, Sciences, Commerce, Engineering and Law | [43] |
| Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University | Cooch Behar | State | 2012 | Arts, Sciences | [44] |
| Dakshin Dinajpur University | Dakshin Dinajpur | State | 2021 | Arts, Sciences | [45] |
| Darjeeling Hills University | Darjeeling | State | 2021 | Arts, Sciences | [46] |
| Diamond Harbour Women's University | Diamond Harbour | State | 2013 | Humanities and Basic Sciences | [47] |
| University of Gour Banga | Malda | State | 2008 | Arts, Sciences, and Commerce | [48] |
| Harichand Guruchand University | North 24 Parganas | State | 2019 | Arts, Sciences, and Management | [49] |
| Hindi University | Howrah | State | 2019 | Languages | |
| Jadavpur University | Jadavpur |
|
1955 | Engineering, Technology, Science, Arts and Commerce | [50] |
| University of Kalyani | Kalyani | State | 1960 | Arts, Sciences, Commerce and Law | [51] |
| Kanyashree University | Krishnanagar | State | 2020 | Arts, Sciences, and Commerce | [52] |
| Kazi Nazrul University | Asansol | State | 2012 | Arts, Sciences, Engineering, Law and Commerce | [53] |
| Mahatma Gandhi University, West Bengal | Mahishadal | State | 2020 | Arts, Sciences | [54] |
| Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology | Kolkata | State | 2000 | Engineering and Management | [55] |
| Murshidabad University | Murshidabad | State | 2020 | Arts, Sciences | [56] |
| Netaji Subhas Open University | Kolkata | State and distance education | 1998 | Arts, Sciences, and Commerce | [57] |
| University of North Bengal | Siliguri | State | 1962 | Arts, Sciences, Commerce, and Law | [58] |
| Presidency University | Kolkata | State | 1817 | Arts and Sciences | [59] |
| Rabindra Bharati University | Kolkata | State | 1962 | Arts, Fine Arts, and Performing Arts | [60] |
| Raiganj University | Raiganj | State | 2015 | Humanities, Science | [61] |
| Rani Rashmoni Green University | Tarakeswar | State | 2020 | Science, Environmental Science | [62] |
| Sadhu Ram Chand Murmu University | Jhargram | State | 2020 | Arts, Science | [63] |
| Senate of Serampore College (University) | Serampore | State | 1818 | Theology | [64] |
| Sidho Kanho Birsha University | Purulia | State | 2010 | Arts and Sciences | [65] |
| The Sanskrit College and University | Kolkata | State | 2015 | Sanskrit, Languages | [66] |
| Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya | Cooch Behar | State | 2001 | Agriculture, Horticulture | [67] |
| Vidyasagar University | Midnapore | State | 1981 | Arts, Sciences, Commerce and Law | [68] |
| West Bengal State University | Barasat | State | 2008 | Arts, Sciences, Commerce and Law | [69] |
| West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences | Kolkata | State | 1995 | Veterinary & Animal Sciences | [70] |
| West Bengal University of Health Sciences | Kolkata | State | 2003 | Medicine | [71] |
| University | Location | Type | Established | Specialization | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adamas University | Barasat | Private | 2014 | Sciences, Management, Humanities, Engineering & Technology | [72] |
| Amity University, Kolkata | New Town | Global Private | 2015 | Sciences, Management, Humanities, Engineering & Technology | [73] |
| Brainware University | Kolkata | Private | 2015 | Engineering & Technology, Agriculture, Sciences, Management, Law, Pharmacy, Nursing, Humanities, Psychology | [74] |
| International Management Institute Kolkata | Kolkata | Autonomous Management Institute | 2011 | Management | [75] |
| JIS University | Agarpara | Private | 2014 | Science, Engineering & Technology, Pharmacy, Management, Law | [76] |
| Neotia University | Sarisha | Private | 2015 | Sciences, Management, Agriculture, Humanities, Engineering & Technology | [77] |
| Seacom Skills University | Santiniketan (Bolpur) | Private | 2014 | Sciences, Engineering & Technology | [78] |
| Sister Nivedita University | New Town | Private | 2017 | Science, Engineering & Technology, Management, Social Science & Women Studies | [79] |
| St. Xavier's University, Kolkata | Kolkata | Private | 2017 | Management, Commerce, Humanities, Law, Mass Communication | [80] |
| Swami Vivekananda University, Barrackpore | Barrackpore | Private | 2020 | Science, Engineering & Technology, Management, Social Science & Women Studies | [81] |
| Techno India University | Kolkata | Private | 2012 | Sciences, Management, Engineering & Technology | [82] |
| University of Engineering & Management (UEM), Kolkata | New Town | Private | 2015 | Engineering, Technology & Management | [83] |
List of only Government Funded Engineering Colleges
| Name | Established | Location | Type | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alipurduar Government Engineering and Management College | 2023 | Alipurduar | State Funded | [84] |
| Cooch Behar Government Engineering College | 2016 | Cooch Behar | State Funded | |
| Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology | 1919 | Salt Lake, Kolkata | State Funded | |
| Government College of Engineering & Textile Technology | 1927 | Berhampore, Murshidabad | State Funded | |
| Government College of Engineering and Ceramic Technology | 1941 | Kolkata | State Funded | |
| Government College of Engineering & Textile Technology | 1908 | Serampore, Hooghly | State Funded | |
| Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College | 1961 | Jalpaiguri | State Funded | |
| Kalyani Government Engineering College | 1995 | Kalyani, Nadia | State Funded | |
| Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College | 2016 | Joypur, Purulia | State Funded |
|
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