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The following peoples are officially recognized minor indigenous peoples of Russia. Many of them are included into the Common List of Minor Indigenous Peoples of Russia (Единый перечень коренных малочисленных народов России) approved by the government of Russia on March 24, 2000 and updated in subsequent years.
These peoples satisfy the following criteria:
Some of them, such as Soyots, were recognized only after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
These peoples subject to benefits according to a number of laws aimed at preservation and support of these ethnicities.
Ten of these peoples count less than 1,000 and 11 of them live beyond the Arctic Circle.
Far North is the part of Russia which lies mainly beyond the Arctic Circle.
According to a 2000 decree of the government of Russian Federation,[1] Dagestan was supposed to compile their own list of small-numbered Indigenous peoples, to be included in the overall List of small-numbered Indigenous peoples of Russia The peoples below fall under the criteria of the decree, but were not included into the list in 2000.
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There are about 40 other tiny ethnic groups in Dagestan, with total number of less than 40,000.
Most peoples with smaller populations have median ages that are considerably lower than the Russian average. The below table is taken from the Russian census of 2002. For example, the median age of ethnic Russians was 37.6 years, while that of Yuraq Samoyeds was 26.2 years.[1]
| Ethnic Group | Total | Male | Female | Urban | Ur.Male | Ur.Female | Rural | R.Male | R.Female |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yuraq Samoyed (Nenet) | 26.2 | 24.6 | 27.6 | 25.7 | 23.1 | 27.4 | 26.3 | 24.8 | 27.7 |
| Tavgi Samoyed (Nganassan) | 26.6 | 25.8 | 27.2 | 24.2 | 22.1 | 25.4 | 27.1 | 26.5 | 27.7 |
| Chukchi | 26.6 | 25.1 | 27.9 | 25.1 | 22.5 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 25.6 | 28.1 |
| Taimyr Samoyed (Dolgan) | 26.7 | 25.1 | 28.0 | 26.0 | 23.2 | 27.6 | 26.8 | 25.4 | 28.1 |
| Ostyak | 26.8 | 24.9 | 28.3 | 27.1 | 24.5 | 28.9 | 26.6 | 25.1 | 28.1 |
| Yenisei Samoyed (Enet) | 27.0 | 25.5 | 28.4 | 30.4 | 20.0 | 35.6 | 26.5 | 26.0 | 27.0 |
| Todzhin | 27.3 | 26.8 | 27.7 | 32.5 | 45.0 | 7.5 | 27.3 | 26.8 | 27.7 |
| Yup'ik | 27.3 | 25.5 | 28.9 | 26.2 | 23.3 | 28.3 | 27.7 | 26.1 | 29.2 |
| Koryaks | 27.4 | 26.3 | 28.5 | 25.4 | 23.0 | 27.2 | 28.3 | 27.4 | 29.0 |
| Sayan Samoyed (Karagas/Tofalar) | 27.5 | 27.1 | 28.0 | 28.9 | 25.4 | 33.6 | 27.4 | 27.2 | 27.7 |
| Vogul | 27.6 | 25.2 | 29.5 | 27.4 | 24.3 | 29.6 | 27.8 | 26.0 | 29.3 |
| Yukaghir | 27.6 | 25.8 | 29.2 | 28.1 | 25.4 | 30.6 | 27.2 | 26.2 | 28.2 |
| Telengit | 27.9 | 26.5 | 29.3 | 25.3 | 25.4 | 25.3 | 28.0 | 26.6 | 29.5 |
| Evenks | 28.0 | 26.5 | 29.3 | 28.1 | 26.1 | 29.8 | 27.9 | 26.6 | 29.1 |
| Soyots | 28.0 | 26.6 | 29.5 | 25.5 | 23.6 | 27.1 | 28.3 | 26.9 | 29.7 |
| Evens | 28.1 | 25.6 | 30.0 | 28.4 | 24.6 | 30.4 | 28.0 | 25.9 | 29.7 |
| Yenisei Ostyak (Ket) | 28.1 | 25.9 | 30.3 | 30.5 | 25.6 | 32.8 | 27.7 | 25.9 | 29.5 |
| Gilyak (Nivkh) | 28.3 | 26.4 | 30.0 | 29.1 | 26.6 | 31.1 | 27.7 | 26.2 | 29.1 |
| Oroks | 28.4 | 27.1 | 29.7 | 28.6 | 27.8 | 29.5 | 28.0 | 26.1 | 30.0 |
| Oroch | 28.8 | 27.4 | 30.1 | 28.3 | 23.2 | 32.8 | 29.1 | 29.6 | 28.7 |
| Chuvans | 29.2 | 27.6 | 30.5 | 30.4 | 28.0 | 31.8 | 28.7 | 27.4 | 29.9 |
| Goldyak (Nanai) | 30.1 | 28.9 | 31.1 | 31.7 | 30.5 | 32.6 | 29.4 | 28.3 | 30.5 |
| Udihe | 30.1 | 28.5 | 31.6 | 30.6 | 29.1 | 31.5 | 30.0 | 28.4 | 31.7 |
| Ulch | 30.3 | 27.5 | 32.7 | 37.2 | 31.8 | 40.8 | 29.1 | 26.8 | 31.1 |
| Ostyak Samoyed (Selkup) | 30.4 | 28.8 | 31.9 | 33.2 | 31.0 | 35.1 | 29.9 | 28.5 | 31.3 |
| Negidal | 30.5 | 26.8 | 33.5 | 33.5 | 29.5 | 36.1 | 29.6 | 26.1 | 32.6 |
| Itel | 30.7 | 28.0 | 33.0 | 30.6 | 27.2 | 33.4 | 30.7 | 28.4 | 32.8 |
| Chelkan | 31.0 | 29.7 | 32.0 | 30.7 | 28.8 | 32.7 | 31.1 | 29.9 | 31.9 |
| Tubalar | 32.1 | 31.1 | 33.1 | 34.1 | 32.1 | 35.7 | 31.9 | 31.0 | 32.8 |
| Sami | 32.1 | 29.2 | 34.6 | 32.5 | 28.5 | 35.3 | 31.9 | 29.6 | 34.1 |
| Aleut | 32.1 | 32.3 | 32.0 | 31.2 | 34.2 | 29.4 | 32.4 | 31.9 | 32.9 |
| Kamchadal | 33.2 | 31.7 | 34.4 | 32.6 | 31.6 | 33.4 | 33.8 | 31.9 | 35.7 |
| Teleut | 33.9 | 31.3 | 36.1 | 33.1 | 30.9 | 35.0 | 34.5 | 31.6 | 36.9 |
| Shor | 34.0 | 32.0 | 35.8 | 33.8 | 31.5 | 35.7 | 34.6 | 33.1 | 35.9 |
| Chulym | 34.2 | 33.8 | 34.6 | 39.3 | 36.6 | 41.8 | 33.8 | 33.6 | 34.0 |
| Abaza | 34.7 | 32.7 | 36.6 | 31.7 | 30.6 | 32.7 | 36.5 | 33.9 | 39.0 |
| Taz | 35.8 | 33.2 | 38.2 | 36.3 | 32.9 | 39.6 | 35.5 | 33.3 | 37.5 |
| Shapsugh | 38.5 | 37.3 | 39.7 | 38.5 | 36.6 | 40.4 | 38.5 | 37.5 | 39.5 |
| Besermian | 40.8 | 37.7 | 43.8 | 41.4 | 40.9 | 41.9 | 40.6 | 36.8 | 44.4 |
| Kumandin | 40.9 | 36.4 | 44.6 | 41.1 | 35.7 | 45.4 | 40.6 | 37.1 | 43.6 |
| Nagaibak | 41.1 | 38.5 | 43.3 | 43.9 | 41.6 | 45.6 | 40.6 | 38.0 | 42.8 |
| Veps | 49.8 | 44.9 | 53.1 | 47.0 | 41.9 | 50.1 | 53.1 | 48.1 | 56.8 |
| Kerek | 60.8 | 52.5 | 77.5 | 60.8 | 52.5 | 77.5 | |||
| Izhor | 65.8 | 59.4 | 67.9 | 61.8 | 60.2 | 62.8 | 67.2 | 59.0 | 69.3 |
The below table gives the average birth rate for Smaller Ethnic groups for the 1997-2002 period based on the 2002 census. (per 1000 people) Source: [2] For most of the groups the birth rate was more than the death rate. For example for the Yuraq Samoyeds the birth rate was more than double the death rate. But for ethnic groups like Veps (Death rate 7 times the birth rate) the reverse was true. For Ingrians, not a single birth was recorded in 1992-2002 period. The youngest of the Ingrians are 3 people in 10-14 age group (Total ethnic population 327, of which more than 60% are above 70 years of age. The 1989 population was 820, signifying a decline of 2.5 times)
| Group | Total | Urban | Rural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abaza | 11.40 | 11.70 | 11.23 |
| Aleut | 13.45 | 10.42 | 14.29 |
| Besermian | 7.27 | 2.71 | 8.57 |
| Veps | 3.48 | 3.68 | 3.25 |
| Taimyr Samoyed (Dolgan) | 18.60 | 13.23 | 19.68 |
| Izhor | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Itel | 15.72 | 13.44 | 16.92 |
| Kamchadal | 13.61 | 14.95 | 11.99 |
| Kerek | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yenisei Ostyak (Ket) | 16.65 | 15.08 | 16.97 |
| Koryaks | 16.30 | 17.15 | 15.96 |
| Kumandin | 7.89 | 7.10 | 8.78 |
| Vogul | 19.08 | 18.92 | 19.24 |
| Nagaibak | 7.20 | 3.87 | 7.83 |
| Goldyak (Nanai) | 12.67 | 8.48 | 14.33 |
| Tavgi Samoyed (Nganassan) | 11.10 | 13.61 | 10.54 |
| Negidal | 15.84 | 10.43 | 17.44 |
| Yuraq Samoyed (Nenet) | 21.74 | 17.55 | 22.60 |
| Nivkh (Gilyak) | 15.83 | 12.05 | 19.15 |
| Oroch | 10.80 | 6.67 | 13.04 |
| Lapp | 14.58 | 13.82 | 15.06 |
| Ostyak Samoyed (Selkup) | 14.74 | 8.68 | 15.89 |
| Soyots | 17.45 | 6.90 | 18.43 |
| Taz | 10.94 | 8.89 | 12.05 |
| Telengit | 17.57 | 9.20 | 17.89 |
| Teleut | 9.94 | 9.39 | 10.34 |
| Sayan Samoyed (Karagas/Tofalar) | 16.60 | 0.00 | 17.62 |
| Tubalar | 14.87 | 11.67 | 15.15 |
| Todzhin | 19.35 | 0.00 | 19.36 |
| Udihe | 15.02 | 5.93 | 17.59 |
| Oroks | 12.08 | 7.10 | 18.60 |
| Ulch | 14.79 | 7.75 | 16.05 |
| Ostyak | 19.62 | 18.19 | 20.33 |
| Chelkan | 19.28 | 15.93 | 19.80 |
| Chuvans | 16.16 | 13.56 | 17.27 |
| Chukchi | 19.07 | 15.86 | 19.70 |
| Chulym | 11.51 | 13.64 | 11.35 |
| Shapsugh | 10.27 | 6.82 | 11.40 |
| Shor | 10.13 | 9.32 | 12.12 |
| Evenks | 16.21 | 11.34 | 17.66 |
| Evens | 17.11 | 13.89 | 18.58 |
| Yenisei Samoyed (Enet) | 17.26 | 8.33 | 18.50 |
| Yup'ik | 15.65 | 16.75 | 15.26 |
| Yukaghir | 18.03 | 17.00 | 18.77 |
