This is a list of the nearest supergiant stars to Earth, located at a distance of up to 1,100 light-years (340 parsecs) from Earth. Some of the brightest stars in the night sky, such as Rigel and Antares, are in the list.
While supergiants are typically defined as stars with luminosity classes Ia, IaborIb, other definitions exist, such as those based on stellar evolution.[1] Therefore, stars with other luminosity classes can sometimes be considered supergiants.
 |
| Name | Distance (ly) | Spectral type | Stellar radius (R☉) | Stellar mass (M☉) | Apparent magnitude (V) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canopus | 309[2] | A9II[3] | 73.3 ± 5.2[2] | 9.81 ± 1.83[2] | −0.74[4] | While it is frequently described as a yellow supergiant, especially in evolutionary terms,[2] it is classified as a bright giant based on spectrum.[3] |
| Polaris | 323 – 433[5] | F7Ib-F8Ib[6][7] | 37.5[8] | 5.4[8] | 1.98[9] (1.86 – 2.13)[6] | The nearest non-disputed (uncontroversial) supergiant, assuming the distance of 323 ly. It is a yellow supergiant. |
| Sargas (θ Scorpii A) |
329±9[10] | F0Ib-F1III[11]orF0 II[12] | 35.5 × 26.3[10] | 3.1+0.37 −0.32[10] |
1.862[13] | Either a lower luminosity supergiant or a (bright) giant, formed after stellar merger of two smaller stars |
| Rasalgethi (α Herculis Aa) |
360[14] | M5 Ib-II[15] | 284 ± 60[15] | 2.5[15] | 3.35[13] | Possibly a bright giant |
| Rastaban (β Draconis) |
380±4[14] | G2Ib-IIa[16] | 40[17] | 6±0.2[18] | 2.79[18] | |
| ζ Capricorni | 386±10[14] | G4Ib: Ba2[19] | 29[20] | 4.5+0.3 −0.2[21] |
3.77[22] | |
| Betelgeuse | 408[23]–548+90 −49[24] |
M1-M2Ia-ab[19] | 640[25] – 764+116 −62[24] |
16.5 – 19[24] | 0.5[26] (0.0 – 1.6)[27] | The nearest non-disputed (uncontroversial) red supergiant, and the 10th brightest star in the night sky. |
| α Trianguli Australis | 420±32[28] | K2Ib-IIa[28] | 143[28][a] | 7[28] | 1.91[29] | Either a supergiant or bright giant |
| Mirfak (α Persei) | 510±10[14] | F5Ib[18] | 53.1+1.4 −1.45[30] |
8.5 ± 0.3[18] | 1.806[18] | 35th brightest star in the night sky. |
| Sadalmelik (α Aquarii) |
520±20[14] | G2Ib[18] | 52.89+1.68 −1.78[31] |
5.13 ± 0.06[31] | 2.942[32] | |
| Sadalsuud (β Aquarii) |
541+6 −5[33] |
G0Ib[17] | 47.88+1.68 −1.81[31] |
4.97±0.1[31] | 2.87[34] | |
| Suhail (λ Velorum) | 545±10[14] | K4Ib[19] | 184.5[35] | 8[35] | 2.21[34] (2.14 – 2.30)[36] | |
| Antares | 553.5±94[14] | M1.5Iab-Ib[19] | 680[37] | 11[37] – 16[23] | 0.6 – 1.6[38] | 15th brightest star in the night sky. |
| κ Pavonis | 590±30[39] | F5-G5 I-II[40] | 19 – 25[41] | 4.35[42] (3.91 - 4.78)[43] | ||
| Saiph | 650±30[14] | B0.5Ia[44] | 22.2[45] | 15.5±1.25[46] | 2.09[47] | The closest blue supergiant. |
| Enif (ε Pegasi) |
690±20[14] | K2Ib-II[19] | 210.4 – 210.7[48] | 7.07[48]– 12[23] | 2.399[14] (2.37 – 2.45)[49] | |
| Aspidiske (ι Carinae) |
690±70[14] | A9Ib[50] | 43[51] | 7.4[52] | 2.21[53] | |
| β Arae | 713+39 −34[33] |
K3Ib-II[54] | 141.4±6.6 [55] | 8.21[56] | 2.84[53] | |
| ζ Persei | 750±30[14] | B1Ib[57] | 26 – 27[58] | 14.5±1.9[46] | 2.86[59] | |
| ζ AurigaeA | 790[14] | K4Ib-K5II[1][60] | 148±3[61] | 4.94[46] | 3.751[62] (3.70 – 3.97)[43] | Sometimes considered a red supergiant;[1] possible bright giant[60] |
| Ahadi (π Puppis) |
807[63][b] | K3Ib[64] | 235[17] | 11.7[65] | 2.733[66] | |
| Mebsuta (ε Geminorum) | 861+52 −39[33] |
G8Ib[67] | 130.2+5.5 −6[31] |
5.29±0.4[31] | 3.06[68] | |
| Rigel | 863[69] | B8Ia[70] | 74.1+6.1 −7.3[31] |
21±3[71] | 0.13[4] (0.05 – 0.18)[72] | 7th brightest star in the night sky, and the brightest supergiant. |
| η AquilaeA | 885.4+41.7 −45,[33] 1010±33[73] |
F6Ib–G4Ib[74] | 59±2[73] | 5.7[75] | 3.48 – 4.33[76] | |
| δ CepheiA | 887±26[77][78] | F5Ib-G1Ib[79][80] | 46.07+1.9 −2.1[30] |
4.5±0.3[81] | 3.48 – 4.37[79] | Protoype of the Classical Cepheid variable stars. |
| χ Aquilae | 900[14] | G8Ib[82] | 22.2[83] | 5.8[82] | ||
| ζ Cephei | 992.7+51.2 −46[33] |
K1.5Ib[44] | 172.7+7.5 −8.3[30] |
10.1±0.1[84] | 3.35[85] | |
| Miram (η Persei) |
1000±60[86] | K3Ib[87] | 173.1+9.69 −10.8[88] |
8±0.4[65] | 3.79[4] | |
| β Doradus | 1040[89] – 1112+52 −49[33] |
F4-G4Ia-II[90][91] | 67.8±0.7[92] | 7.7±0.2[65] | 3.46 – 4.08[90] | |
| Naos (ζ Puppis) |
1080±40[14] | O4If(n)p[93] | 14[94] | 56.1[95] | 2.24 – 2.26[96] | One of the most massive stars visible to the naked eye. |
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