| Host galaxies of novae discovered in 2018 |
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The following is a list of all novae that are known to have occurred in 2019. A nova is an energetic astronomical event caused by a white dwarf accreting matter from a star it is orbiting (typically a red giant, whose outer layers are more weakly attached than smaller, denser stars) Alternatively, novae can be caused by a pair of stars merging with each other, however such events are vastly less common than novae caused by white dwarfs.
In 2019, at least sixteen Milky Way novae were discovered, eight of which were dwarf nova eruptions, one of the variable system V386 Serpentis, one from the known nova-like system 2E 1516.6-6827, and four from previously unidentified white dwarf binaries. One of these binaries, TCP J18200437-1033071, may have possibly been involved in another outburst in 1951. The recurrent nova V3890 Sgr, which had been seen to erupt in 1962 and 1990, also erupted again in 2019.
| Nova name | Discovery date | Constellation | Right ascension | Declination | Peak Brightness (v)[1] | Distance (light years)[2] |
Absolute magnitude (v) |
Nova type | Origin system identified? |
Companion star spectral type[note 1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V386 Serpentis[3] | 2019/01/18 | Serpens | 16h10m 33.63s | −01° 02′ 23.2″ | 10.4 | 785+77 −64 |
3.5+0.2 −0.2 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| TCP J06373299-0935420 | 2019/02/21 | Monoceros | 06h37m 33.01s | −09° 35′ 42.2″ | 10.4 | 1200+230 −170 |
2.6+0.3 −0.4 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| TCP J05390410+4748030 | 2019/03/14 | Auriga | 05h39m 04.09s | 47° 48′ 00.9″ | 11.3 | 1060+220 −150 |
3.7+0.4 −0.4 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| TCP J05515391+6504346 | 2019/04/01 | Camelopardalis | 05h51m 53.87s | 65° 04′ 36.9″ | 13.2 | 3000+20000 −1600 |
3.3+1.6 −4.3 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| TCP J18325790-1642211 | 2019/04/02 | Sagittarius | 18h32m 58.30s | −16° 42′ 17.6″ | 12.5 | 99999+70000 −99999 |
−4.9+2.6 −1.5 |
Classical | Yes | K5III |
| TCP J18200437-1033071 | 2019/04/08 | Serpens | 18h20m 04.21s | −10° 33′ 08.7″ | 13.3 | 10000+5000 −5000 |
0.9+1.5 −0.9 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| PNV J15212688-6838261 | 2019/05/11 | Triangulum Australe | 15h21m 26.84s | −68° 38′ 26.6″ | 13.6 | 3250+420 −330 |
3.6+0.2 −0.3 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | K?V |
| AT 2019fez | 2019/05/13 | Scorpius | 17h07m 34.19s | −36° 08′ 21.3″ | 13.1 | ? | ? | Classical | No | ? |
| TCP J10240289+4808512 | 2019/05/25 | Ursa Major | 10h24m 02.70s | 48° 08′ 51.0″ | 11.8 | 1090+380 −300 |
4.2+0.2 −0.3 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| V2860 Ori | 2019/08/07 | Orion | 06h09m 57.45s | 12° 12′ 25.2″ | 9.4 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
| V569 Vul | 2019/08/18 | Vulpecula | 19h52m 08.25s | 27° 42′ 20.9″ | 13.3 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
| V3890 Sgr | 2019/08/27 | Sagittarius | 18h30m 43.29s | −24° 01′ 08.9″ | 7.1 | ? | ? | Recurrent | Yes | Red Giant |
| Gaia19edn | 2019/09/14 | Ophiuchus | 17h38m 31.82s | −29° 03′ 47.1″ | 12.3 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
| V1707 Sco | 2019/09/15 | Scorpius | 17h37m 09.54s | −35° 10′ 23.2″ | 11.7 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
| V2891 Cyg | 2019/09/17 | Cygnus | 21h09m 25.53s | 48° 10′ 52.2″ | 14.3 | ? | ? | Classical | Yes | ? |
| V659 Sct | 2019/10/29 | Scutum | 18h39m 59.70s | −10° 25′ 41.9″ | 8.36 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
Novae are also frequently spotted in the Andromeda Galaxy, and are even slightly more commonly found than in the Milky Way, as there is less intervening dust to prevent their detection. Furthermore, Andromeda is circumpolar for observers north of latitude +48-50, roughly the latitude of the Canadian-American border, allowing observers north of that to search for transients all year.
In 2019, 11 novae have been seen in the Andromeda galaxy.
| Nova name | Discovery date | Right ascension | Declination | Peak brightness (v)[1] |
Absolute magnitude (v) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PNV J00420290+4107142 | 2019/01/20 | 00h42m 02.90s | 41° 07′ 14.2″ | 18.2 | -6.3 |
| PNV J00424503+4114248 | 2019/01/21 | 00h42m 45.03s | 41° 14′ 24.8″ | 18.0 | -6.5 |
| PNV J00430008+4118340 | 2019/01/23 | 00h43m 00.08s | 41° 18′ 34.0″ | 19.5 | -5.0 |
| PNV J00422916+4114013 | 2019/01/27 | 00h42m 29.16s | 41° 14′ 01.3″ | 19.6 | -4.9 |
| PNV J00435457+4117330 | 2019/01/28 | 00h43m 54.57s | 41° 17′ 33.0″ | 17.5 | -7.0 |
| PNV J00425100+4121038 | 2019/02/03 | 00h42m 51.00s | 41° 21′ 03.8″ | 18.8 | -5.7 |
| PNV J00421999+4113225 | 2019/03/13 | 00h42m 19.99s | 41° 13′ 22.5″ | 18.8 | -5.7 |
| PNV J00423396+4113577 | 2019/04/16 | 00h42m 33.96s | 41° 13′ 57.7″ | 17.3 | -7.2 |
| PNV J00424174+4116263 | 2019/04/26 | 00h42m 41.74s | 41° 16′ 26.3″ | 16.6 | -7.9 |
| PNV J00422198+4123584 | 2019/05/24 | 00h42m 21.98s | 41° 23′ 58.4″ | 16.7 | -7.8 |
| PNV J00432058+4125426 | 2019/05/28 | 00h43m 20.58s | 41° 25′ 42.6″ | 17.4 | -7.1 |
Any galaxy within 20 million light-years of the Sun could theoretically have nova events bright enough to be detected from Earth, although in practice most are only detected in galaxies within 10-15 million light-years of the Milky Way, such as the Triangulum Galaxy, Messier 81, Messier 82, Messier 83, and Messier 94.
In 2019, two novae were observed in Messier 81, and another in the Triangulum Galaxy. A luminous red nova was observed in the Whirlpool Galaxy (Messier 51a), probably caused by a merger of two stars.
| Nova name | Discovery date | Host galaxy | Right ascension | Declination | Peak brightness (v)[1] |
Distance (million light-years) |
Absolute magnitude (v) |
Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT 2019gc | 2019/01/06 | Triangulum Galaxy | 01h33m 56.94s | 30° 32′ 32.6″ | 17.0 | 2.65 | -7.5 | Classical |
| AT 2019abn | 2019/01/22 | Whirlpool Galaxy | 13h29m 42.39s | 47° 11′ 16.9″ | 16.9 | 23 | -12.3 | Luminous Red Nova |
| PNV J09555100+6902323 | 2019/04/14 | Messier 81 | 09h55m 51.00s | 69° 02′ 32.3″ | 19.8 | 11.5 | -7.9 | Classical |
| PNV J09554664+6902473 | 2019/06/09 | Messier 81 | 09h55m 46.64s | 69° 02′ 47.3″ | 19.1 | 11.5 | -8.6 | Classical |
