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1 List  



1.1  Excluded objects  





1.2  Kepler and TESS candidates  







2 See also  





3 References  














List of smallest exoplanets






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A size comparison of the planets in the Kepler-37 system and objects in the Solar System

Below is a list of the smallest exoplanets so far discovered, in terms of physical size, ordered by radius.

List[edit]

The sizes are listed in units of Earth radii (R🜨). All planets listed are smaller than Earth and Venus, up to 0.7 Earth radii. The NASA Exoplanet Archive is used as the main data source.[1][2]

Exoplanet Radius (R🜨) Notes and references
SDSS J1228+1040 b
(SDSS J122859.92+104033.0 b, WD 1226+110 b)
0.010+0.0504
−0.0085
[3][4]
Extrasolar planetesimal. Likely a remnant iron core. Radius is in the range of 1.2 – 120 km.[3]
WD 1145+017 b ~0.03[5] Disintegrating planetesimal, likely one of several orbiting its star. Likely about one-tenth the mass of Ceres and ~200 km in radius.[5]
Ceres 0.0742 Shown for comparison
Pluto 0.1863 Shown for comparison
Moon 0.2725 Shown for comparison
Kepler-37b 0.3098+0.0059
−0.0076
Smallest known exoplanet.[6][7]
PSR B1257+12 b (Draugr) ~0.338 Least massive known exoplanet, at 0.02 Earth masses. Radius estimated from mass-radius relationship.[8]
Kepler-1520b ≲0.36 Disintegrating planets with poorly known radii, all thought to be smaller than Mercury.[9][10]
KOI-2700b
K2-22b
Mercury 0.3826 Shown for comparison
Kepler-444b 0.403+0.016
−0.014
[11]
Ganymede 0.413 Shown for comparison
Kepler-102b 0.460±0.026 [7]
Kepler-444c 0.497+0.021
−0.017
[11]
Kepler-1971b (KOI-4777.01) 0.51±0.03 [12]
Kepler-1994b 0.51+0.06
−0.05
[13]
Kepler-1308b 0.52+0.06
−0.05
Kepler-444d 0.530+0.022
−0.019
[11]
Mars 0.5325 Shown for comparison
Kepler-62c 0.54±0.03
Kepler-444e 0.546+0.017
−0.015
[11]
Gliese 238 b 0.566±0.014 [14]
Kepler-102c 0.567±0.028 [7]
Kepler-42d 0.57±0.18
Kepler-1583b 0.60+0.09
−0.05
Kepler-1998b 0.6+0.08
−0.04
[15]
Kepler-1087b 0.61+0.17
−0.05
K2-89b 0.615±0.080
Kepler-1877b 0.624
K2-137b 0.64±0.10
Kepler-1371c 0.64+0.07
−0.05
Kepler-138b 0.64±0.02 [16]
Kepler-1130d 0.645
Kepler-1351b 0.65+0.05
−0.04
Kepler-1542c 0.65+0.09
−0.06
Kepler-271d 0.66±0.05
Kepler-431c 0.668
Kepler-1558b 0.68+0.06
−0.04
LHS 1678 b 0.685+0.037
−0.035
[17]
K2-116b 0.69±0.04
Kepler-141b 0.69±0.05
K2-297b (EPIC 201497682 b) 0.692+0.059
−0.048
Gliese 367 b (Tahay) 0.699±0.024 Smallest known exoplanet within 10 parsecs.[18]
Kepler-1349b 0.700+0.630
−0.110
Kepler-378c 0.70±0.05

Excluded objects[edit]

Kepler-37e is listed with a radius of 0.37±0.18 R🜨 in the Exoplanet Archive based on KOI data, but the existence of this planet is doubtful,[19] and assuming its existence, a 2023 study found a mass of 8.1±1.7 M🜨, inconsistent with such a small radius.[20]

KOI-6705.01, listed as a potential very small planet in the KOI dataset, was shown to be a false positive in 2016.[21]

Kepler and TESS candidates[edit]

Below shows a list of Kepler and TESS candidates below 0.7 R🜨 that have yet to be confirmed.

Kepler object of interest Radius (R🜨) Notes and references
KOI-4582.01 0.35[22]
KOI-2298.03 0.36[22]
KIC 1718360.01 0.366[23]
KOI-2169.04 0.37[22]
KOI-7174.01 0.37[22]
KOI-8012.01 0.42[22]
KOI-6860.01 0.43[22]
KOI-2059.02 0.44[22]
KOI-304.02 0.46[22]
KOI-7793.01 0.46[22]
KOI-2678.02 0.48[22]
KOI-6631.01 0.48[22]
KOI-2421.02 0.48[22]
KOI-5974.01 0.49[22]
KOI-3444.03 0.5[22]
KOI-2295.01 0.52[22]
KOI-7863.01 0.52[22]
KOI-2612.02 0.53[22]
KOI-4657.01 0.54[22]
KOI-8257.01 0.54[22]
KOI-115.03 (Kepler-105d) 0.55+0.08
−0.07
[24]
KOI-2421.01 0.55[22]
KOI-4097.02 0.55[22]
KOI-7645.01 0.55[22]
KOI-3208.01 0.56[22]
KOI-6763.01 0.56[22]
KOI-2859.03 0.57[22]
KOI-4146.02 0.57[22]
KOI-2859.04 0.57[22]
KOI-7873.01 0.57[22]
TOI-4307.02 0.57±0.14[25]
KOI-2657.01 0.58[22]
KOI-8277.01 0.58[22]
KOI-4296.01 0.59[22]
KOI-3196.01 0.59[22]
KOI-5692.01 0.59[22]
KOI-1964.01 0.6[22]
KOI-4407.01 0.6[22]
KOI-4871.01 0.6[22]
KOI-5211.01 0.6[22]
KOI-7888.01 0.6[22]
KOI-3184.03 0.6[22]
KOI-8183.01 0.6[22]
KOI-3083.02 0.61[22]
KOI-4421.01 0.61[22]
KOI-4716.01 0.61[22]
KOI-3102.01 0.61[22]
KOI-7032.01 0.61[22]
KOI-1843.03 0.61+0.12
−0.08
[26]
KOI-1499.02 0.62[22]
KOI-605.02 0.62[22]
KOI-7676.01 0.62[22]
KOI-4849.01 0.62[22]
KOI-365.02 0.62[22]
KOI-7116.01 0.62[22]
KOI-4421.02 0.62[22]
KOI-7949.01 0.62[22]
KOI-2029.04 0.63[22]
KOI-6889.01 0.63[22]
KOI-2636.02 0.63[22]
KOI-3248.01 0.64[22]
KOI-5213.01 0.64[22]
KOI-6276.01 0.64[22]
KOI-7617.01 0.64[22]
KOI-7903.01 0.64[22]
KOI-7925.01 0.64[22]
KOI-8174.01 0.64[22]
KOI-3083.03 0.65[22]
KOI-4875.01 0.65[22]
KOI-4808.01 0.65[22]
KOI-6568.01 0.65[22]
KOI-1619.01 0.66[22]
KOI-3111.02 0.66[22]
KOI-2859.05 0.66[22]
KOI-3017.01 0.67[22]
KOI-4907.01 0.67[22]
KOI-1616.02 0.67[22]
KOI-6299.01 0.67[22]
KOI-8211.01 0.67[22]
KOI-2593.02 0.68[22]
KOI-4605.01 0.68[22]
KOI-7832.01 0.68[22]
KOI-7483.01 0.68[22]
KOI-2623.02 0.68[22]
KOI-7924.01 0.68[22]
KOI-7628.01 0.69[22]
KOI-4129.01 0.69[22]
KOI-4822.01 0.69[22]
KOI-6600.01 0.69[22]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Staff (10 July 2017). "Exoplanet Catalog". Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
  • ^ "Planetary Systems Composite Data". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  • ^ a b Manser, Christopher J.; et al. (5 April 2019). "A planetesimal orbiting within the debris disc around a white dwarf star". Science. 364 (6435): 66–69. arXiv:1904.02163. Bibcode:2019Sci...364...66M. doi:10.1126/science.aat5330. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 30948547. S2CID 96434522.
  • ^ "Planet SDSS J1228+1040 b". Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  • ^ a b Rappaport, S.; Gary, B. L. (June 2016). "Drifting asteroid fragments around WD 1145+017". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 458 (4): 3904–3917. arXiv:1602.00740. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.458.3904R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw612.
  • ^ Simukoff, E.; et al. (2013). "Below One Earth Mass: The Detection, Formation, and Properties of Subterrestrial Worlds". Space Science Reviews. 180 (1–4): 71. arXiv:1308.6308. Bibcode:2013SSRv..180...71S. doi:10.1007/s11214-013-0019-1. S2CID 118597064.
  • ^ a b c Bonomo, A. S.; Dumusque, X.; et al. (September 2023). "Cold Jupiters and improved masses in 38 Kepler and K2 small planet systems from 3661 HARPS-N radial velocities. No excess of cold Jupiters in small planet systems". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 677: A33. arXiv:2304.05773. Bibcode:2023A&A...677A..33B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346211. S2CID 258078829.
  • ^ "Exoplanet-catalog".
  • ^ Ansdell, M.; Hirano, T.; Gaidos, E. (2019). "Monitoring of the D doublet of neutral sodium during transits of two 'evaporating' planets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 485 (3): 3876–3886. arXiv:1903.06217. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.485.3876G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz693. [...]the radii are not known but are thought to be smaller than Mercury (0.36R⊕).
  • ^ Garai, Z. (2018). "Light-curve analysis of KOI 2700b: The second extrasolar planet with a comet-like tail". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 611: A63. arXiv:1712.07461. Bibcode:2018A&A...611A..63G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629676. S2CID 118885868. We confirmed the disintegrating-planet scenario of KOI 2700b.
  • ^ a b c d Campante, T.; et al. (2015). "KOI-3158: The oldest known system of terrestrial-size planets". EPJ Web of Conferences. 101: 02004. arXiv:1501.07869. Bibcode:2015EPJWC.10102004C. doi:10.1051/epjconf/201510102004. S2CID 16191462.
  • ^ Cañas, Caleb I.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Cochran, William D.; Bender, Chad F.; Feigelson, Eric D.; Harman, C. E.; Kopparapu, Ravi Kumar; Caceres, Gabriel A.; Diddams, Scott A.; Endl, Michael; Ford, Eric B.; Halverson, Samuel; Hearty, Fred; Jones, Sinclaire; Kanodia, Shubham; Lin, Andrea S. J.; Metcalf, Andrew J.; Monson, Andrew; Ninan, Joe P.; Ramsey, Lawrence W.; Robertson, Paul; Roy, Arpita; Schwab, Christian; Stefánsson, Guđmundur (2022). "A Hot Mars-sized Exoplanet Transiting an M Dwarf". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (1): 3. arXiv:2112.03958. Bibcode:2022AJ....163....3C. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac3088. S2CID 244954104.
  • ^ "Kepler-1994". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  • ^ Tey, Evan; Shporer, Avi; et al. (May 2024). "GJ 238 b: A 0.57 Earth Radius Planet Orbiting an M2.5 Dwarf Star at 15.2 pc". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (6): 283. Bibcode:2024AJ....167..283T. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad3df1.
  • ^ "Kepler-1998". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  • ^ Piaulet, Caroline; Benneke, Björn; et al. (15 December 2022). "Evidence for the volatile-rich composition of a 1.5-Earth-radius planet". Nature Astronomy. 7: 206. arXiv:2212.08477. Bibcode:2023NatAs...7..206P. doi:10.1038/s41550-022-01835-4. S2CID 254764810.
  • ^ Silverstein, Michele L.; Barclay, Thomas; et al. (May 2024). "Validation of a Third Planet in the LHS 1678 System". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (6): 255. arXiv:2403.00110. Bibcode:2024AJ....167..255S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad3040.
  • ^ Goffo, Elisa; Gandolfi, Davide; et al. (September 2023). "Company for the ultra-high density, ultra-short period sub-Earth GJ 367 b: discovery of two additional low-mass planets at 11.5 and 34 days". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 955 (1): L3. arXiv:2307.09181. Bibcode:2023ApJ...955L...3G. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ace0c7.
  • ^ Rajpaul, V. M.; Buchhave, L. A.; Lacedelli, G.; Rice, K.; Mortier, A.; Malavolta, L.; Aigrain, S.; Borsato, L.; Mayo, A. W.; Charbonneau, D.; Damasso, M.; Dumusque, X.; Ghedina, A.; Latham, D. W.; López-Morales, M.; Magazzù, A.; Micela, G.; Molinari, E.; Pepe, F.; Piotto, G.; Poretti, E.; Rowther, S.; Sozzetti, A.; Udry, S.; Watson, C. A. (2021), "A HARPS-N mass for the elusive Kepler-37d: A case study in disentangling stellar activity and planetary signals", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 507 (2): 1847–1868, arXiv:2107.13900, Bibcode:2021MNRAS.507.1847R, doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2192
  • ^ Weiss, Lauren M.; et al. (2024-01-01). "The Kepler Giant Planet Search. I. A Decade of Kepler Planet-host Radial Velocities from W. M. Keck Observatory". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 270 (1) 8. arXiv:2304.00071. Bibcode:2024ApJS..270....8W. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ad0cab.
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  • ^ Price, Ellen M.; Rogers, Leslie A. (May 2020). "Tidally Distorted, Iron-enhanced Exoplanets Closely Orbiting Their Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 894 (1): 8. arXiv:1901.10666. Bibcode:2020ApJ...894....8P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7c67.

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