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The causative bacterium lives in the soil and in poorly made silage (In Iceland , the disease is called "silage sickness".[1]
Epidemiology [ edit ]
The portal of infection is uncertain, but ingestion of infected feed seems the most usual way. However, inhalation and conjunctival contamination might also play a role.[2]
The disease is not contagious.
The disease is sporadic, but can occur as farm outbreaks in ruminants .
Listeriosis in farm animals is important economically in Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand. It is less common in tropical and subtropical areas.[2]
Clinical forms [ edit ]
In all animals [ edit ]
Three main forms are usually recognized throughout the affected species:
In sheep and goat [ edit ]
In sheep, the disease is also called "circling disease".[4] neurological , especially lateral deviation of the neck and head, opisthotonus or emprosthotonus.
Other signs comprises compulsive movements of the lips, facial and masticatory muscles, with food staying in mouth.
In cattle [ edit ]
In cattle, the most common sign is encephalitis , with fever , blindness , pressing against fixed objects , dullness, facial paralysis and circling .[5]
The cow can follow the fence until it finds a corner, then staying there for a long time, pushing against the fence.[6]
The animal wants to eat, but food remains within the mouth, with drooling saliva, because of paralysis of the masticatory muscles .
Following nervous location of the lesions, the signs may be different from one sick animal to another.
In adult cattle, the course of the disease is one to two weeks, but in calves, it is more acute.[7]
Abortion can occur but it is not linked to nervous syndrome.
Treatment [ edit ]
Listeriosis in animals can sometimes be cured with antibiotics (tetracyclines and benzyl penicillin) when diagnosed early. Goats, for example, can be treated upon noticing facial paralysis,.[8]
References [ edit ]
^ a b D.C. Blood; J.A. Henderson; O.M. Radostits (1979). Veterinary Medicine (5th ed.). London: Baillière Tindall. p. 425. ISBN 0-7020-07-18-8
^ Roger W. Blowey; A. David Weaver (2003). Color Atlas of Diseases and Disorders of Cattle . Oxford: Elsevier. ISBN 0-7234-3205-8
^ Rue Jensen; Brinton L. Swift (1982). Diseases of sheep . Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. p. 159. ISBN 0-8121-0836-1
^ Roger W. Blowey; A. David Weaver (2003). Color Atlas of Diseases and Disorders of Cattle . Oxford: Elsevier Ltd. p. 159. ISBN 0-7234-3205-8
^ W.J. Gibbons; A. E.J. Cattcott; A. J.F. Smithcors (1970). Bovine Medicine and Surgery . American Veterinary Publications Inc.
^ D.C. Blood, J.A. Henderson & O.M. Radostits (1979). Veterinary Medicine (5th ed.). London: Baillière Tindall. p. 423. ISBN 0-7020-07-18-8
^ "Listeriosis in sheep and goats" . Michigan State University . Retrieved 2019-02-25 .
Further reading [ edit ]
External links [ edit ]
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Listeriosis_in_animals&oldid=1231995104 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● A n i m a l b a c t e r i a l d i s e a s e s ● L i s t e r i o s i s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 1 J u l y 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 1 : 0 3 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
