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Lopo Soares de Albergaria

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Lopo Soares de Albergaria
Portrait in Livro de Lisuarte de Abreu, c. 1560

Captain-majorofGold Coast
In office 1495–1499
Monarchs	John I Manuel I
Preceded by	João Fogaça
Succeeded by	Nuno Vaz de Castelo Branco
Governor of India
In office 1515–1518
Monarch	Manuel I
Preceded by	Afonso de Albuquerque
Succeeded by	Diogo Lopes de Sequeira

Personal details
Born	c. 1460 Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal
Died	1520 (aged 59–60) Torres Vedras, Kingdom of Portugal
Spouse	Ana de Albuquerque
Children	Guiomar de Albuquerque Catarina de Albuquerque
Signature
Military service
Allegiance	Portuguese Empire
Commands	6th Portuguese India Armada
Battles/wars	Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts

Lopo Soares de Albergaria (c. 1460 – c. 1520) was the fifth captain-major of the Portuguese Gold Coast and third governorofPortuguese India, having reached India in 1515 to succeed Afonso de Albuquerque as governor.

Career

[edit]

Lopo Soares de Albergaria (sometimes called Lopo Soares de Alvarenga, or simply Lopo Soares) was a middling noble, well-connected to the powerful Almeida family. Lopo Soares had served a successful term (1495–99) as captain-general of São Jorge da Mina in the Portuguese Gold Coast (West Africa).

In 1504 Lopo Soares commanded the 6th Portuguese India Armada. Regarded as one of the more successful early India armadas, Lopo Soares brought the fleet back in 1505 nearly intact, with one of the best cargos yet received by King Manuel I of Portugal. This placed him in a good position for future preferment and appointments.

In March 1515 Lopo Soares de Albergaria was chosen by King Manuel I to succeed Afonso de Albuquerque as governor of Portuguese India, and departed from Lisbon to India on 7 April. The seventeen-ship fleet transported also an embassy to the emperor of Ethiopia with Portuguese ambassador Duarte Galvão, Ethiopian ambassador Mateus (also known as Matthew the Armenian) and father Francisco Álvares. In August, having learned through contacts in Venice that the Mamluk Sultan of Cairo had prepared a fleet at Suez to fight the Portuguese, king Manuel repented to have replaced Albuquerque, and immediately wrote to Albergaria to return the command of all operations to Albuquerque, and provide him with resources to fight. However, when the letter arrived, Albuquerque had already died.^[1]

The Ottoman admiral Selman Reis defended Jeddah against the Portuguese attack in 1517.

As governor in India Albergaria made a naval expedition into the Red Sea in 1517, taking on board the embassy to Emperor Dawit II of Ethiopia, including Mateus, Duarte Galvão and Francisco Álvares, with the intent of landing them on the coast. First Albergaria reached Aden, which offered to surrender but he felt he could not spare the men to garrison the port.^[2] Albergaria failed to capture Jeddah in 1517, and the attempt to land the embassy by reaching the port of Massawa failed as well, with Albergaria getting no closer than the Dahlak Archipelago, and was aborted after the death of old Duarte Galvão at Kamaran. Álvares and Mateus were forced to wait until Albergaria's replacement, Diogo Lopes de Sequeira, successfully sent the embassy under D. Rodrigo de Lima in 1520.

In 1518 Lopo Soares de Albergaria captured Ceylon for his king, having landed at Colombo with a large fleet. Here he ordered the construction of a small fort named "Nossa Senhora das Virtudes" or "Santa Bárbara".

References

[edit]

^ Albuquerque, Afonso de (1999) [Reprint of 1884 Hakluyt Society edition, published in Portuguese 1774]. The Commentaries of the Great Afonso Dalboquerque, Second Viceroy of India. Vol. 4. Elibron Classics. pp. 200–206. ISBN 9781402195082.

^ Ross, E. Denison (1922). "Early Travellers in Abyssinia: Part I". Journal of the Royal African Society. 21 (84): 276. JSTOR 715368.

Preceded by João Fogaça	Captain-majorofPortuguese Gold Coast 1495–1499	Succeeded by Nuno Vaz de Castelo Branco

Preceded by Afonso de Albuquerque	Governor of Portuguese India 1515–1518	Succeeded by Diogo Lopes de Sequeira

Governors and Viceroys of the Portuguese State of India (1505–1961)

Kingdom

Dom Francisco de Almeida 1505–1509
Afonso de Albuquerque 1510–15
Lopo Soares de Albergaria 1515–18
Diogo Lopes de Sequeira 1518–22
Dom Duarte de Menezes 1522–24
Dom Vasco da Gama 1524
Dom Henrique de Menezes 1525–26
Lopo Vaz de Sampaio 1526–29
Nuno da Cunha 1529–38
Dom Garcia de Noronha 1538–40
Dom Estêvão da Gama 1540–42
Martim Afonso de Sousa 1542–45
Dom João de Castro 1545–48
Garcia de Sá 1548–49
Jorge Cabral 1549–50
Dom Afonso de Noronha 1550–54
Pedro Mascarenhas 1554–55
Francisco Barreto 1555–58
Dom Constantino de Bragança 1558–61
Dom Francisco Coutinho 1561–64
João de Mendonça 1564
Dom António de Noronha 1564–68
Dom Luís de Ataíde 1568–71
Dom António de Noronha "Catarraz" 1571–73
António Moniz Barreto 1573–76
Dom Diogo de Menezes 1576–78
Fernão Teles de Menezes 1581
Francisco de Mascarenhas 1581–84
Dom Duarte de Menezes 1584–88
Dom Manuel de Sousa Coutinho 1588–91
Matias de Albuquerque 1591–97
Dom Francisco da Gama 1597–1600
Aires de Saldanha 1600–05
Martim Afonso de Castro 1605–07
Aleixo de Meneses 1607–09
André Furtado de Mendonça 1609–10
Rui Lourenço de Távora 1610–12
Dom Jerónimo de Azevedo 1612–17
Dom João Coutinho 1617–19
Fernão de Albuquerque 1619–22
D. Francisco da Gama (second time) 1622–28
Luís de Brito e Meneses 1629–29
Miguel de Noronha 1629–35
Pero da Silva 1635–39
António Teles de Meneses 1639–40
João da Silva Telo e Meneses 1640–44
Filipe Mascarenhas 1644–51
João da Silva Telo e Meneses 1651
Vasco Mascarenhas 1652–55
Brás de Castro 1655
Rodrigo Lobo da Silveira 1655–56
Manuel Mascarenhas Homem 1656
António de Melo e Castro 1662–66
João Nunes da Cunha 1666–68
Luís de Mendonça Furtado e Albuquerque 1671–76
Dom Pedro de Almeida 1676–78
António Brandão 1678–81
Francisco de Távora 1681–86
Rodrigo da Costa 1686–90
Dom Miguel de Almeida 1690–91
Pedro António de Meneses Noronha de Albuquerque 1692–97
António Luís Gonçalves da Câmara Coutinho 1697–1701
Caetano de Melo e Castro 1702–1707
Dom Rodrigo da Costa 1707–12
Vasco Fernandes César de Meneses 1712–17
Sebastião de Andrade Pessanha 1717
Luís Carlos Inácio Xavier de Meneses 1717–20
Francisco José de Sampaio e Castro 1720–23
Cristóvão de Melo 1723
João de Saldanha da Gama 1725–32
Pedro de Mascarenhas 1732–40
Luís Carlos Inácio Xavier de Meneses 1740–42
Pedro Miguel de Almeida Portugal e Vasconcelos 1745–50
Francisco de Assis de Távora 1750–54
Luís Mascarenhas 1754–56
Manuel de Saldanha e Albuquerque 1758–65
João José de Melo 1768–74
Filipe de Valadares Sotomaior 1774
Dom José Pedro da Câmara 1774–79
Dom Frederico Guilherme de Sousa Holstein 1779–86
Francisco da Cunha e Meneses 1786–94
Francisco António da Veiga Cabral da Câmara 1794–1806
Dom Bernardo José Maria da Silveira e Lorena 1806–16
Dom Diogo de Sousa 1816–21
Dom Manuel da Câmara 1823–25
Dom Manuel Francisco Zacarias de Portugal e Castro 1826–35
Bernardo Peres da Silva 1835
Dom Manuel Francisco Zacarias de Portugal e Castro 1835
Joaquim Manuel Correia da Silva e Gama 1835
Bernardo Peres da Silva 1836–37
Simão Infante de Lacerda de Sousa Tavares 1837–39
José António Vieira da Fonseca 1839
Manuel José Mendes 1839–40
José Joaquim Lopes Lima 1840–42
Francisco Xavier da Silva Pereira 1842–43
Joaquim Mourão Garcez Palha 1843–44
José Ferreira Pestana 1844–51
José Joaquim Januário Lapa 1851–55
António César de Vasconcelos Correia 1855–64
José Ferreira Pestana 1864–70
Januário Correia de Almeida 1870–71
Joaquim José Macedo e Couto 1871–75
João Tavares de Almeida 1875–77
António Sérgio de Sousa 1877–78
Caetano Alexandre de Almeida e Albuquerque 1878–82
Carlos Eugénio Correia da Silva 1882–86
Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral 1886
Augusto César Cardoso de Carvalho 1886–89
Joaquim Augusto Mouzinho de Albuquerque 1889
Vasco Guedes de Carvalho e Meneses 1889–91
Francisco Maria da Cunha 1891
João Manuel Correia Taborda 1891–92
Francisco Teixeira da Silva 1892–93
Rafael Jácome de Andrade 1893–94
João Manuel Correia Taborda 1894
Elesbão José de Bettencourt Lapa 1894–95
Rafael Jácome de Andrade 1895–96
Prince Afonso Henriques de Bragança 1896
João António de Brissac das Neves Ferreira 1896–97
João Manuel Correia Taborda 1897
Joaquim José Machado 1897–1900
Eduardo Augusto Rodrigues Galhardo 1900–05
Arnaldo de Novais Guedes Rebelo 1905–07
José Maria de Sousa Horta e Costa 1907–10

Republic

Francisco Manuel Couceiro da Costa 1910–17
Francisco Maria Peixoto Vieira 1917
José de Freitas Ribeiro 1917–19
Augusto de Paiva Bobela da Mota 1919–20
Jaime Alberto de Castro Morais 1920–25
Francisco Maria Peixoto Vieira 1925
Mariano Martins 1925–26
Tito Augusto de Morais 1926
Acúrcio Mendes da Rocha Dinis 1926–27
Pedro Francisco Massano de Amorim 1927–29
Acúrcio Mendes da Rocha Dinis 1929
Alfredo Pedro de Almeida 1929–30
João Carlos Craveiro Lopes 1930–36
Francisco Craveiro Lopes 1936–38
José Ricardo Pereira Cabral 1938–45
Paulo Bénard Guedes 1945–46
José Ferreira Bossa 1946–47
José Alves Ferreira 1947–48
Fernando de Quintanilha e Mendonça Dias 1948–52
Paulo Bénard Guedes 1952–58
Manuel António Vassalo e Silva 1958–61

Note: The head of Portuguese India could have either the title of "Governor" or the more prestigious "Viceroy" though their responsibilities were the same

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