| Lower Ramu | |
|---|---|
| Ottilien–Misegian | |
| Geographic distribution | Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea |
| Linguistic classification | Ramu
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Glottolog | lowe1439 |
The Lower RamuorOttilien–Misegian languages consist of two branches in the Ramu language family. They are all spoken in Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.[1][2]
The Lower Ramu languages as classified by Usher and by Foley (2018) are:[3][4]
Lower Ramu as presented in Foley (2018) has been reduced in scope from the classification given in Foley (2005), which is as follows.[5]
The Ataitan languages, including Tangu and Igom, are not included in Foley (2018).
Tentative proto-Lower Ramu pronoun reconstructions by Foley (2005) are:[5]
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | *ŋgu | *aŋga | *ai |
| 2nd person | *nu | *(n)oŋgo(a) | *ni/e |
| 3rd person | *ma(n) | *mani(ŋg) | *mV(n) |
Like cognates between proto-Lower Sepik and proto-Lower Ramu listed by Foley (2005) are:[5]
| gloss | proto-Lower Sepik | proto-Lower Ramu |
|---|---|---|
| tongue | *minɨŋ | *mi(m) |
| ear | *kwand- | *kwar |
| lime | *awi(r) | *awi(r) |
| eat | *am(b) | *am(b) |
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| Ramu |
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| Nor–Pondo |
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