Mangnai
茫崖市 · ᠮᠠᠨᠭᠨᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ · མང་ནེ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།
Mang'ai, Mangya
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Surroundings of the asbestos mines.
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Mangnai (light red) within Haixi Prefecture (yellow) and Qinghai.
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  Mangnai
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| Coordinates: 38°15′00″N 90°51′25″E / 38.250°N 90.857°E / 38.250; 90.857 | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Qinghai |
| Autonomous prefecture | Haixi |
| Seat | Huatugou |
| Area | |
| • Total | 49,900 km2 (19,300 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 3,000 m (10,000 ft) |
| Population
(2020)[1]
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| • Total | 18,856 |
| • Density | 0.38/km2 (0.98/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | www |
| Mangnai | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Chinese | 茫崖市 | ||||||
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| Tibetan name | |||||||
| Tibetan | མང་ནེ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། | ||||||
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| Mongolian name | |||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠮᠠᠨᠭᠨᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | ||||||
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Mangnai, also known as Mang'aiorMangya, is a county-level city in the northwest of Qinghai Province, China, bordering Xinjiang to the north and west. It is under the administration of Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. It is one of the most remote cities in China, the closest other city, Ruoqiang, is located 350 kilometres (220 mi) away.[3] In 2020 it had a population of 18856.[4] The name Mangnai is based on the Mongolian word for 'forehead'.[5]
It was formed in 2018 when the Mangnai and Lenghu administrative zones merged to establish the county-level city of Mangnai.[5]
Mangnai had a large asbestos mine, it was the largest in China, it also holds around half of China's serpentine reserves.[6][7][8] It also produces oil, natural gas, celestite, and sodium sulfate.[5]
Mangnai is divided into 3 towns. The administrative center is the Huatugou Town.[5]
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie | Mongolian (traditional script) | Mongolian (Cyrillic) | Administrative division code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | |||||||
| Huatugou Town | 花土沟镇 | Huātǔgōu Zhèn | ཧྭ་ཐུའུ་ཀུའུ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | hwa thu'u ku'u grong rdal | ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ | Энгэрт балгас | 632803100 |
| Mangnai Town | 茫崖镇 | Mángyá Zhèn | མང་ནེ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | mang ne grong rdal | ᠮᠠᠩᠨᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ | Магнай балгас | 632803101 |
| Lenghu Town | 冷湖镇 | Lěnghú Zhèn | ལེན་ཧུའུ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | len hu'u grong rdal | ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ | Хүйтэн нуур балгас | 632803102 |
17 different ethnic groups live in the city, including the Han Chinese, Mongols, Tibetans, the Hui, Salars, Monguors, Manchus, Dongxiangs, and Uighurs.[4]
| Climate data for Mangnai, elevation 2,945 m (9,662 ft), (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.2 (26.2) |
2.2 (36.0) |
8.1 (46.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
17.9 (64.2) |
21.6 (70.9) |
24.1 (75.4) |
23.8 (74.8) |
19.1 (66.4) |
11.9 (53.4) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
11.8 (53.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −10.7 (12.7) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
0.1 (32.2) |
6.0 (42.8) |
10.5 (50.9) |
14.7 (58.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
16.5 (61.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
3.9 (39.0) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
4.2 (39.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −17.4 (0.7) |
−13.1 (8.4) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
3.2 (37.8) |
8.0 (46.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
9.9 (49.8) |
4.7 (40.5) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
−16.0 (3.2) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.8 (0.03) |
0.6 (0.02) |
0.8 (0.03) |
1.5 (0.06) |
6.1 (0.24) |
11.5 (0.45) |
13.6 (0.54) |
7.8 (0.31) |
4.5 (0.18) |
0.8 (0.03) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.3 (0.01) |
48.4 (1.9) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 3.0 | 5.9 | 7.3 | 4.1 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 27.9 |
| Average snowy days | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 12.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 36 | 28 | 24 | 23 | 26 | 32 | 36 | 32 | 30 | 28 | 30 | 37 | 30 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 227.3 | 224.8 | 263.2 | 275.2 | 285.9 | 261.4 | 263.9 | 270.2 | 270.0 | 282.3 | 239.7 | 223.5 | 3,087.4 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 74 | 73 | 70 | 69 | 64 | 59 | 59 | 65 | 74 | 83 | 80 | 76 | 71 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[9][10] | |||||||||||||
The main touristic sites in Mangnai are:[5]
In 2019, a camp meant to simulate conditions on the planet Mars opened in the townofLenghu, which is primarily geared towards tourists.[11]
Mangnai is located strategically on one of the main transport corridors between Gansu and Xinjiang. The Haixi Huatugou Airport serves Mangnai and the city is served by the Golmud–Korla railway and is located along China National Highway 315.[3]
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