Jump to content
 







Main menu
   


Navigation  



Main page
Contents
Current events
Random article
About Wikipedia
Contact us
Donate
 




Contribute  



Help
Learn to edit
Community portal
Recent changes
Upload file
 








Search  

































Create account

Log in
 









Create account
 Log in
 




Pages for logged out editors learn more  



Contributions
Talk
 



















Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 Overview  





2 Cast and characters  



2.1  Main  





2.2  Recurring  





2.3  Guest stars  







3 Development and production  



3.1  Connection with SCTV  







4 Episodes  



4.1  Season 1 (199091)  





4.2  Season 2 (199192)  





4.3  Season 3 (199293)  







5 Home video  





6 Reception  



6.1  Critical response  





6.2  Awards and nominations  







7 Differences from the game  





8 See also  





9 References  





10 External links  














Maniac Mansion (TV series)






Deutsch
Français
Italiano
Polski
Português
Suomi
 

Edit links
 









Article
Talk
 

















Read
Edit
View history
 








Tools
   


Actions  



Read
Edit
View history
 




General  



What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Cite this page
Get shortened URL
Download QR code
Wikidata item
 




Print/export  



Download as PDF
Printable version
 
















Appearance
   

 






From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 


Maniac Mansion
GenreSitcom
Created byMichael Short
Eugene Levy
David Flaherty
John Hemphill
Based onManiac Mansion
byRon Gilbert and Gary Winnick
Developed by
  • Cliff Ruby
  • Elana Lesser
  • Bob Carrau
  • Starring
  • Deborah Theaker
  • Kathleen Robertson
  • Avi Phillips
  • George Buza
  • Opening theme"Maniac Mansion" - sung by Jane Siberry, composed by Lou Natale
    Country of origin
    • Canada
  • United States
  • Original languageEnglish
    No. of seasons3
    No. of episodes66
    Production
    Executive producersPeter Sussman
    Eugene Levy
    Barry Jossen
    ProducerJamie Paul Rock
    Running time30 minutes
    Production companies
  • Atlantis Films
  • Original release
    NetworkYTV (Canada)
    The Family Channel (U.S.)
    ReleaseSeptember 14, 1990 (1990-09-14) –
    April 4, 1993 (1993-04-04)

    Maniac Mansion is a sitcom which aired concurrently on YTV in Canada and The Family Channel in the United States for three seasons from September 14, 1990, to April 4, 1993.

    The series is loosely based on the 1987 video game of the same namebyLucasfilm Games. While Lucasfilm served as co-producers on the series, the show thematically has little in common with its source material (see § Differences from the game).

    Overview[edit]

    Maniac Mansion centers around the lives of the Edisons, an American family living in a large mansion in the upscale suburban neighborhood of Cedar Springs. The Edisons consist of patriarch Fred (Joe Flaherty), an eccentric scientist and inventor, his level-headed wife Casey (Deborah Theaker), and their children, teenage genius Tina (Kathleen Robertson), prepubescent Ike (Avi Phillips) and precocious toddler Turner (George Buza). Also living in the Edison mansion are Casey's brother Harry Orca (John Hemphill) and his wife Idella Muckle-Orca (Mary Charlotte-Wilcox).

    While Maniac Mansion primarily derives its storylines from typical sitcom fare such as family life and parent-child relationships, the series incorporated several prominent elements of science fiction. Fred Edison is a scientist who works out of his basement laboratory which is partially powered by a mysterious extraterrestrial meteorite, and many episodes revolve around Fred's outlandish and occasionally disastrous experiments and inventions. As it is revealed in the series premiere, a mishap with one of these inventions caused genetic mutations in two of the main characters, Turner Edison and Harry Orca: for the complete run of the series, toddler Turner is a fully-grown man with the mind of a child and Harry Orca is a normal-sized housefly with a human head (similar to the 1958 version of The Fly).

    Sharing many writers and performers with the 1976–1984 Canadian sketch comedy series Second City Television, Maniac Mansion has a very similar style of humor, featuring much of the dry wit and cultural satire common of SCTV, ranging from pop culture references to film and television parodies. A particular staple of Maniac Mansion's comedy was the series' pervasive tendency of breaking the fourth wall, with characters – usually Harry – addressing the audience to comment on the particular episode. Meta-referential humor was also a regular element of the show: a few episodes are presented as "behind the scenes" documentaries, depicting the Edisons as an actual family starring in a sitcom based on their lives.

    Cast and characters[edit]

    Main[edit]

    Recurring[edit]

    Guest stars[edit]

    Development and production[edit]

    In a special printed in the Summer 1990 issue of The Lucasfilm Fan Club magazine, the initial conception of an episode television series based on Maniac Mansion is credited to Lucasfilm animators Cliff Ruby and Elana Lasser, who pitched the idea to George Lucas.[1] Convinced on the project's potential, Lucasfilm contacted the Toronto-based production company Atlantis Films to begin work on the series.[1][2]

    Atlantis enlisted comedian and former Second City Television writer/performer Eugene Levy to creatively spearhead the development the series. Originally pitched as a more overtly horror/science fiction-themed comedy in the vein of The Addams FamilyorThe Munsters, Levy ultimately rejected this approach, recruiting a number of The Second City alumni and re-working Maniac Mansion from the ground up into the more lighthearted and slightly surreal series it eventually became.[1][2]

    Shot entirely in Toronto, Maniac Mansion premiered on September 14, 1990 on The Family Channel in the United States, and September 17 on YTV in Canada.[3] The series lasted for three seasons and sixty-six episodes before its cancellation in 1993. The series continued to air in syndication on The Family Channel until 1994, on YTV until 1997, and later on Canadian channel Showcase until 2002.

    Connection with SCTV[edit]

    A large portion of Maniac Mansion's cast and crew were made up of alumni from the Toronto comedy troupe The Second City and the 1976-1984 television offshoot Second City Television. In a 1992 article visiting the set of the series, Entertainment Weekly remarked that Maniac Mansion was like an SCTV convention: "The place is packed with veterans of the ... series: There are former SCTV actors, writers, directors, key grips—even Mansion's makeup artist is an old SCTVer".[4]

    Series creator Eugene Levy was an original cast member and writer on Second City Television, and developed Maniac Mansion alongside fellow Second City writers Michael Short, Paul Flaherty, David Flaherty and director Jamie Paul Rock. Additional writing was often contributed by Second City member Paul Wildman, as were cast members Joe Flaherty, John Hemphill and Mary-Charlotte Wilcox. The series' theme song was co-written by Mary Margaret O'Hara, Catherine O'Hara's sister.

    Additionally, nearly all of the main cast with the exception of teenaged actors Kathleen Robertson and Avi Phillips were veterans of The Second City. Joe Flaherty was one of the founders of Toronto's Second City and was an original series cast member, while John Hemphill and Mary-Charlotte Wilcox were supporting players and writers in its later seasons. Deborah Theaker, while having had no involvement with Second City Television, was a former member of The Second City stage show, and George Buza had appeared as an extra in one episode of the series.

    Naturally, there are numerous SCTV references throughout the series. Levy, Martin Short, Dave Thomas and Andrea Martin all made one-off appearances on the show, as did minor players Juul Haalmeyer, Tony Rosato and Robin Duke. A few jokes are reused and in a couple of episodes, the characters of "Count Floyd" and "Happy Marsden" can be seen playing on television sets.

    Episodes[edit]

    This Maniac Mansion episode list was compiled from United States Copyright Office database.

    Season 1 (1990–91)[edit]

    No.
    overall
    No. in
    season
    Title Directed by Written by Airdate
    11"The 10th Anniversary Special"John BellJohn Hemphill & David Flaherty & Eugene LevySeptember 14, 1990 (1990-09-14)
    22"Flystruck (a.k.a. The Trouble with Harry)"Bruce PittmanEugene Levy, John HemphillSeptember 21, 1990 (1990-09-21)
    33"Trapped Like Rats"John BellStory by : John Hemphill, Don Lake
    Teleplay by : Eugene Levy & Michael Short
    September 28, 1990 (1990-09-28)
    44"Love Thy Neighbour"Bruce PittmanMichael Short & Eugene LevyOctober 4, 1990 (1990-10-04)
    55"Fred's a-Courtin'"John BellJohn Hemphill, David Flaherty, Eugene LevyOctober 12, 1990 (1990-10-12)
    66"The Sandman Cometh"Bruce PittmanJohn Hemphill, David Flaherty, Eugene LevyOctober 19, 1990 (1990-10-19)
    77"Good on Ya"John BellJohn Hemphill, David Flaherty, Eugene LevyOctober 26, 1990 (1990-10-26)
    88"Bring Me Harry Orca"Bruce PittmanMichael Short, David Flaherty, Eugene LevyNovember 2, 1990 (1990-11-02)
    99"Dad's Bummed Out"John BellStory by : Paul Flaherty, Michael Short, John Hemphill
    Teleplay by : Paul Flaherty, Michael Short
    November 11, 1990 (1990-11-11)
    1010"Webs, the Really Tangled Kind"Bruce PittmanLyons N. Wells, Michael ShortNovember 16, 1990 (1990-11-16)
    1111"National Security Risk"John BellJamie Tatham, Chuck Tatham, Michael ShortNovember 25, 1990 (1990-11-25)
    1212"A Little Old Time Jazz"Bruce PittmanJohn Hemphill, David FlahertyDecember 2, 1990 (1990-12-02)
    1313"Hawaii Blues"John BellStory by : Jaime Tatham, Chuck Tatham
    Teleplay by : Lyons N. Wells & Michael Short
    December 9, 1990 (1990-12-09)
    1414"Good Cheer on Ya"Bruce PittmanJohn Hemphill, David FlahertyDecember 16, 1990 (1990-12-16)
    1515"Brainiac Mansion"Stephen SurjikLyons N. Wells, Michael ShortDecember 30, 1990 (1990-12-30)
    1616"Little Big Fly"Bruce PittmanStory by : Michael Short, Peter Wildman
    Teleplay by : Lyons N. Wells, John Hemphill, David Flaherty
    January 6, 1991 (1991-01-06)
    1717"Money Dearest"Stephen SurjikStory by : Michael Short, Joe Flaherty
    Teleplay by : Michael Short, David Flaherty
    January 13, 1991 (1991-01-13)
    1818"Turner: The Boss"Bruce PittmanMichael Short, David FlahertyJanuary 20, 1991 (1991-01-20)
    1919"The Case of the Broken Record"John BellLyons N. Wells, Tom Nursall, Michael ShortFebruary 3, 1991 (1991-02-03)
    2020"The Live Show"Bruce PittmanJohn Hemphill, David FlahertyFebruary 17, 1991 (1991-02-17)
    2121"Tina's Excellent Adventure"Joe FlahertyJoe Flaherty, Deborah TheakerFebruary 24, 1991 (1991-02-24)
    2222"The Cliffhanger"Bruce PittmanLyons N. Wells & Michael ShortMarch 17, 1991 (1991-03-17)

    Season 2 (1991–92)[edit]

    No. in
    series
    No. in
    season
    Title Directed by Written by Airdate
    231"Luck Be a Lady This Season"Joe FlahertyDavid Flaherty, John Hemphill, Michael ShortSeptember 4, 1991 (1991-09-04)
    242"The New Look"John BellDavid Flaherty, Michael Short, John HemphillSeptember 11, 1991 (1991-09-11)
    253"Late Night Harry"Stan HarrisMichael ShortSeptember 18, 1991 (1991-09-18)
    264"Turner, the Rebellious Years"John BellMichael Short, Lyons N. WellsSeptember 25, 1991 (1991-09-25)
    275"Man and Machine"Stan HarrisTom Nursall, David FlahertyOctober 2, 1991 (1991-10-02)
    286"Driving Ms. Idella"John BellDeborah Divine, Mary Charlotte WilcoxOctober 9, 1991 (1991-10-09)
    297"Ugly Like Me"Dug RotsteinDavid Flaherty, John HemphillOctober 16, 1991 (1991-10-16)
    308"The Celebrity Visitor"Perry RosemondMichael ShortOctober 23, 1991 (1991-10-23)
    319"The Attack of Killer Keifer"Perry RosemondTom Nursall, John HemphillOctober 30, 1991 (1991-10-30)
    3210"Lenny... One Amour Time: Part 1"John BellDavid Flaherty, John HemphillNovember 6, 1991 (1991-11-06)
    3311"Lenny... One Amour Time: Part 2"John BellDavid Flaherty, John HemphillNovember 13, 1991 (1991-11-13)
    3412"A Hateful of Brain"John BellMichael ShortNovember 20, 1991 (1991-11-20)
    3513"Buried by the Mob"Perry RosemondDave ThomasNovember 27, 1991 (1991-11-27)
    3614"Down and Out in Cedar Springs"Perry RosemondJoe FlahertyDecember 18, 1991 (1991-12-18)
    3715"Misery Loves Company"John BellMichael ShortFebruary 12, 1992 (1992-02-12)
    3816"Ike's Got it Bad...Real Bad"John BellDavid Flaherty, John HemphillFebruary 19, 1992 (1992-02-19)
    3917"Turnerator Too"John BellMichael ShortFebruary 26, 1992 (1992-02-26)
    4018"Baby Heat"Perry RosemondDeborah DivineMarch 4, 1992 (1992-03-04)
    4119"Streetcar Named Idella"John HemphillDavid Flaherty, John HemphillMarch 18, 1992 (1992-03-18)
    4220"Turner's Imaginary Friend"Perry RosemondAlan Templeton, Mary CrawfordMarch 25, 1992 (1992-03-25)
    4321"Idella's Breakdown"Dug RotsteinMichael ShortApril 1, 1992 (1992-04-01)
    4422"Sophisticated Lady"Joe FlahertyJoe FlahertyApril 8, 1992 (1992-04-08)

    Season 3 (1992–93)[edit]

    No. in
    series
    No. in
    season
    Title Directed by Written by Airdate
    451"The Long Hot Mansion"Joe FlahertyMichael Short, David FlahertySeptember 7, 1992 (1992-09-07)
    462"Raging Lenny"Perry RosemondDavid Flaherty & John HemphillSeptember 14, 1992 (1992-09-14)
    473"College Days"John PaizsMichael ShortSeptember 21, 1992 (1992-09-21)
    484"The Prince's Broad"Perry RosemondDavid Flaherty, John HemphillSeptember 28, 1992 (1992-09-28)
    495"Ike's Black Eye"John PaizsAlan Templeton, Mary CrawfordOctober 5, 1992 (1992-10-05)
    506"Science is Only Skin Deep"Perry RosemondNorm Hiscock, Frank van KeekenOctober 19, 1992 (1992-10-19)
    517"Ike's New Buddy"Eugene LevyDeborah Divine, Nancy DolmanOctober 26, 1992 (1992-10-26)
    528"As the Worm Turns"Perry RosemondTom NursallNovember 2, 1992 (1992-11-02)
    539"Cape Scary"Joe FlahertyDavid Flaherty, Joe FlahertyNovember 9, 1992 (1992-11-09)
    5410"Wrestling with the Truth"Perry RosemondNorm Hiscock, Frank van KeekenNovember 16, 1992 (1992-11-16)
    5511"The Science Fair"Stacey Stewart CurtisRob Gfroerer, Paul Greenberg, Nick McKinney, Vito ViscomiNovember 23, 1992 (1992-11-23)
    5612"Love, Turner Style"Dug RotsteinMichael Short, Dave FlahertyNovember 30, 1992 (1992-11-30)
    5713"Atoms Gone Wild"John HemphillDavid Flaherty, John HemphillJanuary 25, 1993 (1993-01-25)
    5814"Walter Under the Bridge"Perry RosemondDeborah DivineFebruary 1, 1993 (1993-02-01)
    5915"Tina and the Teardrops"Joe FlahertyMichael ShortFebruary 8, 1993 (1993-02-08)
    6016"Ike for President"Perry RosemondMary Charlotte WilcoxFebruary 15, 1993 (1993-02-15)
    6117"Freddie Had a Little Lamb"Perry RosemondMichael ShortFebruary 22, 1993 (1993-02-22)
    6218"Idella's New Career"Eugene LevyDavid Flaherty, John HemphillMarch 7, 1993 (1993-03-07)
    6319"Love Letters"Perry RosemondDeborah TheakerMarch 14, 1993 (1993-03-14)
    6420"It Ain't Over 'Til Uncle Joe Sings"Joe FlahertyJoe FlahertyMarch 21, 1993 (1993-03-21)
    6521"Uncle Harry Ain't Feeling So Good"John HemphillDavid Flaherty, John HemphillMarch 28, 1993 (1993-03-28)
    6622"The Way We Was"Eugene LevyDavid Flaherty, Michael ShortApril 4, 1993 (1993-04-04)

    Home video[edit]

    In 1992, Family Channel Video released a VHS tape entitled "Maniac Mansion: The Love Collection", featuring two first-season episodes of the series, "Flystruck" (#102) and "Fred's A-Courtin'" (#105). This was the only official video release of the series; as of 2018, there are no known plans for Maniac Mansion to be released on DVD.

    In 1991, a Japanese company HRS Funai released another VHS tape "マニアック・マンション (Maniac Mansion)", sold in Japan. It contains four first-season episodes, "The 10th Anniversary Special" (#101), "Webs, The Really Tangled Kind" (#110), "Good Cheer On Ya" (#114) and "The Cliffhanger" (#122), each episodes having Japanese subtitles.

    Reception[edit]

    Critical response[edit]

    Maniac Mansion received generally positive reviews from professional critics during its initial run. In a press release for the series, Time called it "the looniest, sweetest family comedy of the year", listing it as one of the best shows of 1990.[5][4] Entertainment Weekly called it "100-proof hilarious", while in a 1990 article on the series, The Los Angeles Times described the show as "a stylized, sharp-edged comedy that's a bit like David Lynch on helium".[4][6]

    However, response from the gaming community, and in particular fans of the original Maniac Mansion and graphic adventure games, has been mixed. In a 2011 retrospective review, PC Gamer magazine offered a predominantly negative opinion, noting the series "has roughly as much to do with the original game as a chipmunk's arsehole resembles Sweden" and calling the two episodes they had seen "comedy vacuums" and "at best generic and at worst, awful", though admitting they couldn't conclusively judge the entire series on so few episodes.[7] The International House of Mojo, a website devoted to LucasArts video games, also lamented the dissimilarity to the game, but believed the series "deserves the courtesy of a second look", calling it "surprisingly sweet-natured" and noting the science fiction elements and "off-beat brand of humor" gave an otherwise typical sitcom a unique personality.[2]

    Awards and nominations[edit]

    Maniac Mansion was nominated for and won several television awards during the series' run:[8]

    CableACE Awards
    Year Award Result
    1993 Direction of Photography and/or Lighting Direction in a Comedy or Dramatic Series – Raymond Brounstein (director of photography) Won
    Original Song – Michael Short, Louis Natale, Ryan Lord (For the song "Baby Rap" in episode "Baby Heat") Nominated
    Gemini Awards
    Year Award Result
    1992 Best Picture Editing in a Comedy, Variety or Performing Arts Program or Series – Stephan Fanfara Won
    Best Comedy Program or SeriesEugene Levy, Seaton McLean, Jamie Paul Rock, Peter Sussman, Michael Short Nominated
    Best Performance in a Comedy Program or Series (Individual or Ensemble) – George Buza Nominated
    Best Sound in a Comedy, Variety or Performing Arts Program or Series – Allen Ormerod, Tom Mather, David Evans (For episode "Dads Bummed Out") Nominated
    Best Writing in a Comedy or Variety Program or Series – Eugene Levy, Michael Short, David Flaherty Nominated
    1993 Best Comedy Program or Series – Jamie Paul Rock, Michael Short, Eugene Levy, Peter Sussman, Barry Jossen Nominated
    Best Guest Performance in a Series by an Actor or Actress – Martin Short Nominated
    1994 Best Comedy Program or Series – Peter Sussman, Jamie Paul Rock, Eugene Levy, Seaton McLean, Michael Short Nominated
    Best Writing in a Comedy or Variety Program or Series – Michael Short Nominated
    Young Artist Award
    Year Award Result
    1991 Best Young Actor Co-starring in an Off-Primetime Series – Avi Phillips Nominated
    Best Young Actress Co-starring in an Off-Primetime Series – Kathleen Robertson Nominated
    1992 Best Young Actor Co-starring in an Off-Primetime Series – Avi Phillips Nominated
    Best Young Actress Co-starring in an Off-Primetime Series – Kathleen Robertson Nominated
    1993 Best Young Actor Starring in a Cable Series – Avi Phillips Nominated

    Differences from the game[edit]

    While ostensibly an adaptation of the 1987 computer game, Maniac Mansion shares several superficial similarities with its source material, though is vastly different in terms of plot, tone and characterization.

    The premise of the game, a homage to horror and science fiction B movies, follows a group of teenagers who venture into a dilapidated mansion to rescue their kidnapped friend. The mansion is inhabited by the homicidal Edison family, consisting of Dr. Fred, a deranged scientist who is possessed by an evil meteorite, his wife Edna, a sex-starved sadomasochistic nurse, their son Weird Ed, a paranoid paramilitary survivalist, and their pets Green Tentacle and Purple Tentacle, a pair of sentient, ambulatory tentacles.

    Whereas the television series was produced for family television, the tone of the game was decidedly more adult, featuring much risqué black comedy and surreal violence amid LucasArts's traditional style of offbeat humor and slapstick which was entirely omitted from the television adaptation. The game's original characters are also completely absent from the series with the exception of Dr. Fred Edison, whose character was drastically changed from an insane antagonist with a balding, elderly appearance in the game to a clumsy but good-natured family man in his forties in the television show.

    The most overt thematic connection the series had to the game was the setting of a mansion housing an extraterrestrial meteor. The meteor itself is seldom referenced in the show, although it is prominently featured in the opening credits of the first season via an expository newspaper clipping, revealing it to have been discovered underneath the mansion by Fred's grandfather Louis Edison. Throughout the series, Fred can be seen conducting various experiments either harnessing the meteor's supernatural powers, or experimenting on the meteor itself.

    Ron Gilbert and Gary Winnick, the designers of the original Maniac Mansion, have never made any public comment on their opinion of the television series. However, in Day of the Tentacle, LucasArts' 1993 sequel to Maniac Mansion, the television show serves as a minor plot point in which the game's protagonist Bernard Bernoulli must help collect the royalties that Dr. Fred was promised from a vaguely explained in-universe television series based on a video game based on the events of the first game.

    See also[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ a b c Dan Madsen (Summer 1990). "Maniac Mansion Special". The Lucasfilm Fan Club. Vol. 12. The Lucasfilm Fan Club.
  • ^ a b c "The Maniac Mansion TV Show at a Glance". The International House of Mojo. August 3, 2010. Archived from the original on September 15, 2012.
  • ^ Rechtshaffen, Michael (14 September 1990). "'SCTV' gang moves into 'Maniac Mansion'". Alberni Valley Times. p. 28 – via Newspapers.com.
  • ^ a b c Svetky, Benjamin (January 17, 1992). "A Short Visit to 'Maniac Mansion'". Entertainment Weekly.
  • ^ "Maniac Mansion - TV.com". TV.com.
  • ^ Cerone, Daniel (September 30, 1990). "The First Floppy-Disk Sitcom: George Lucas and 'SCTV' Alums Turn a Computer Game Into a Comedy for Family Channel". The Los Angeles Times.
  • ^ Cobbett, Richard (July 23, 2011). "Saturday Crapshoot: Maniac Mansion (TV)". PC Gamer.
  • ^ ""Maniac Mansion" (1990) > Awards". IMDb.com.
  • External links[edit]


    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maniac_Mansion_(TV_series)&oldid=1227936894"

    Categories: 
    1990s American teen sitcoms
    1990 American television series debuts
    1993 American television series endings
    1990s Canadian teen sitcoms
    1990 Canadian television series debuts
    1993 Canadian television series endings
    American television shows based on video games
    Canadian television shows based on video games
    American English-language television shows
    The Family Channel (American TV network, founded 1990) original programming
    Television series about families
    Television series by Lucasfilm
    Television shows filmed in Toronto
    YTV (Canadian TV channel) original programming
    Live action television shows based on video games
    Hidden categories: 
    Articles with short description
    Short description is different from Wikidata
    Episode list using the default LineColor
     



    This page was last edited on 8 June 2024, at 16:07 (UTC).

    Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.



    Privacy policy

    About Wikipedia

    Disclaimers

    Contact Wikipedia

    Code of Conduct

    Developers

    Statistics

    Cookie statement

    Mobile view



    Wikimedia Foundation
    Powered by MediaWiki