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Merostomata is a class of chelicerate arthropods that contains the extinct Eurypterida (sea scorpions) and the extant Xiphosura (horseshoe crabs). The term was originally used by James Dwight Dana to refer to Xiphosura only, but was emended by Henry Woodward to cover both groups.
Etymology
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The name "Merostomata" derives from the Greek roots μηρός meros στόμα stoma mouthparts at their proximal end, but swimming legs at their distal end.[1]
History
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The scientific consensus at the beginning of the 20th century was that these two marine groups were closely related, and only more distantly related to the terrestrial Arachnida .[2] monophyletic , with Xiphosura being basal to a clade comprising Eurypterida and Arachnida.[3] [4] 480 million years ago[5]
The shared features of the two groups traditionally grouped in the Merostomata are now thought to be retentions of primitive conditions (symplesiomorphies ), thus the name Merostomata has been recommended to be abandoned.[3]
However, a 2022 analysis recovered the monophyly of Merostomata, as opposed to a monophyletic Arachnida, with Xiphosura as the only modern representative in a derived position, indicating the convergence of several characteristics that supposedly united the arachnids.[6]
References
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^ a b Colin Tudge (2002). "Spiders, scorpions, mites, eurypterids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Subphylum Chelicerata and Subphylum Pycnogonida" . The variety of life: a survey and a celebration of all the creatures that have ever lived . Oxford University Press . pp. 309–326. ISBN 978-0-19-860426-6
^ Garwood, Russell J.; Dunlop, Jason A. (2014). "Three-dimensional reconstruction and the phylogeny of extinct chelicerate orders" . PeerJ . 2 doi :10.7717/peerj.641 PMC 4232842 PMID 25405073 .
^ Davide Pisani; Laura L. Poling; Maureen Lyons-Weiler; S. Blair Hedges (2004). "The colonization of land by animals: molecular phylogeny and divergence times among arthropods" . BMC Biology 2 doi :10.1186/1741-7007-2-1 PMC 333434 PMID 14731304 .
^ Ballesteros, Jesús A; Santibáñez-López, Carlos E; Baker, Caitlin M; Benavides, Ligia R; Cunha, Tauana J; Gainett, Guilherme; Ontano, Andrew Z; Setton, Emily V W; Arango, Claudia P; Gavish-Regev, Efrat; Harvey, Mark S; Wheeler, Ward C; Hormiga, Gustavo; Giribet, Gonzalo; Sharma, Prashant P (2022-02-03). Teeling, Emma (ed.). "Comprehensive Species Sampling and Sophisticated Algorithmic Approaches Refute the Monophyly of Arachnida" . Molecular Biology and Evolution . 39 2 ): msac021. doi :10.1093/molbev/msac021 . ISSN 0737-4038 . PMC 8845124 PMID 35137183 .
External links
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R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Merostomata&oldid=1221744306 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● A r t h r o p o d c l a s s e s ● L a t e O r d o v i c i a n f i r s t a p p e a r a n c e s ● E x t a n t O r d o v i c i a n f i r s t a p p e a r a n c e s ● C h e l i c e r a t e s H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s f r o m J a n u a r y 2 0 1 8 ● A r t i c l e s w i t h p e r m a n e n t l y d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n m a t c h e s W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s w i t h ' s p e c i e s ' m i c r o f o r m a t s ● A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g G r e e k - l a n g u a g e t e x t ● C o m m o n s c a t e g o r y l i n k f r o m W i k i d a t a
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 1 M a y 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 8 : 5 4 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
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