The Midland Great Western Railway of Ireland Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. cxix) received royal assent in July 1845, authorising it to raise £1,000,000 capital[3] and to build a railway from Dublin to Mullingar and Longford and to buy the Royal Canal.[4] Construction of the main line began from Dublin in January 1846[3] and proceeded westwards in stages, supervised by chief engineer G. W. Hemans.[5] It opened from Dublin Broadstone as far as Enfield in May 1847,[6]toHill of Down in December 1847[7] and to Mullingar in October 1848.[8]
Rivalry existed between the MGWR and the GS&WR, each of which wanted to build the line to Galway. The MGWR extended its line from Mullingar and the GS&WR from its line at Portarlington. The MGWR was first, going via Athlone and reaching Galway, 126.5 miles (203.6 km) from Dublin, in August 1851.[9] It was not until 1859 that the GS&WR got as far as Athlone. The GS&WR was obliged to operate its service over MGWR track between Athlone and Galway, paying the MGWR 65% of passenger and 55% of goods receipts. The GS&WR retained a separate station, which is now the sole operating station, as the last service to the MGWR station ran on 13 January 1985.[citation needed]. The branch is to be made into a rail trail as part of the Dublin-Galway Greenway by 2020.[10]
In 1890 the government granted the MGWR £264,000 to build a railway to Clifden[11] on the Atlantic coast of County Galway. It opened as far as Oughterard in January 1895[12] and to Clifden in July 1895.[13] Due to its inland route it did not serve the bulk of the area's population,[citation needed] so the GSR closed it in 1935.
A similar branch line was built at the same time from WestporttoAchill on the Atlantic coast of County Mayo. The MGW built the first section, opening it as far as Newport in February 1894 and Mulranny in May 1894.[14] The Board of Works built the section from Mulranny to Achill, which opened in May 1895.[14] The GSR closed the line in 1937.
Branch lines
[edit]Tunnel at Newport on the Westport to Achill branch line
At its peak the MGWR had a number of branch lines:
Clonsilla to Navan (opened as the Dublin and Meath Railway 1862, leased to the MGWR 1869, sold to the MGWR 1888)
extension from Navan to Kingscourt, (opened by the Navan and Kingscourt Railway 1865, sold to the MGWR 1888)
Kilmessan Junction to Athboy (opened 1864, closed 1963)
Nesbitt Junction (near Enfield) to Edenderry (opened 1877, closed 1963)
Streamstown to Clara, County Offaly (opened 1863, closed 1963)
The MGWR painted all of its locomotives bright emerald[16] until about 1902, when the first of the new Class A 4-4-0 express locomotives were outshopped in royal blue.[17] This did not wear well and in 1905 the company adopted grass green.[16] From about 1913 locos were painted gloss black[16] until the MGWR became part of the GSR in 1925. From then on, all locomotives were gradually repainted plain unlined dark grey.
Passenger coaches were finished in varnish or brown paint[citation needed] until the blue livery was introduced in 1901.[18] As on the locomotives this weathered badly and from 1905 the MGWR reverted to brown,[18] which after 1910 was not so well-adorned with lining.[citation needed] From October 1918 coaches were painted a very dark Crimson[18] and after 1924 the GSR used a similar shade for some years.
Those of the former MGWR's main lines that are still open are owned and operated by Iarnród Éireann. Routes between Dublin and Sligo, Athlone and Galway, Athlone and Westport and the Ballina branch remain open to passenger traffic. The Meath on Track campaign is campaigning to have the Navan — Clonsilla line (not to be confused with the former GNR Navan — Drogheda line) reopened earlier than the 2030 date announced under current Iarnród Éireann policy.[20] The Edenderry, Clifden, Achill, Cavan, Killeshandra, Ballaghaderreen branch line, Ballinrobe, Killala and Loughrea branches lines are all closed.
Rail Users Ireland proposed running some Galway — Dublin services via the MGWR station in Athlone and the disused route via Moate to Mullingar, reinstating the route of the first MGWR service via the former GS&WR line. The current Galway service runs from Dublin Heuston. This proposal will not go ahead as the railway is due to be replaced with the Dublin-Galway greenway starting from 2020.[21][22]
The former MGWR station at Clifden, now the Clifden Station House Hotel
Three former MGWR stations are now hotels, two of which are called the "Station House Hotel" but are unconnected by ownership. They are the expanded former Clifden station in County Galway, Kilmessan Junction in County Meath and the Mullranny Park Hotel at Mulranny, County Mayo.
