Anorepinephrine releasing agent (NRA), also known as an adrenergic releasing agent, is a catecholaminergic type of drug that induces the releaseofnorepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) from the pre-synaptic neuron into the synapse. This in turn leads to increased extracellular concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine therefore an increase in adrenergic neurotransmission.[1][2]
A closely related type of drug is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI). Another class of drugs that stimulates adrenergic activity is the adrenergic receptor agonist class.
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NRAs are used for a variety of clinical indications including the following:
They are also used as recreational drugs, though this is typically reserved only for those that also induce the release of serotonin and/or dopamine like amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, mephedrone, and 4-methylaminorex, among others.[3]
Cathine and cathinone are NRAs found naturallyinCatha edulis. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are also found naturally in Ephedra sinica. Both of these plants are used medicinally (and recreationally as well regarding the former). The endogenous trace amines phenethylamine and tyramine are NRAs found in many animals, including humans.
Selective NRAs include ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, levomethamphetamine, phentermine, and bupropion. These drugs also release dopamine to a much lesser extent, however, and bupropion is also a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.
Media related to Norepinephrine releasing agents at Wikimedia Commons|
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| TAAR1 |
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| TAAR2 |
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| TAAR5 |
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† References for all endogenous human TAAR1 ligands are provided at List of trace amines
‡ References for synthetic TAAR1 agonists can be found at TAAR1 or in the associated compound articles. For TAAR2 and TAAR5 agonists and inverse agonists, see TAAR for references.
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