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Photobacterium phosphoreum

Species of bacterium

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Photobacterium phosphoreum
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Pseudomonadota
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Order:	Vibrionales
Family:	Vibrionaceae
Genus:	Photobacterium
Species:	P. phosphoreum
Binomial name
Photobacterium phosphoreum (Cohn 1878) Beijerinck 1889 (Approved Lists 1980)
Synonyms
Vibrio phosphoreum

Photobacterium phosphoreum is a Gram-negative, bioluminescent bacterium living in symbiosis with deep-sea marine organisms, such as anglerfish.^[1] It can emit bluish-green light (490 nm) due to a chemical reaction between FMN, luciferin and molecular oxygen catalysed by an enzyme called luciferase.

Ecology[edit]

P. phosphoreum appears to be distributed worldwide in oceans and is found in a variety of different marine habitats.^[1] It was first isolated in 1878 from seawater, but has also been reported from the surfaces of fish and other marine animals, the intestines of fish, coastal seawater, and from a state of bioluminescent symbiosis with fish. P. phosphoreum colonizes a wide variety of deep-sea fishes which generally occur in the mesopelagic and bentho-pelagic zones.^[1]

As a bioindicator[edit]

P. phosphoreum is the most frequently used luminescent bacterium in water quality assessment.^[2]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Piotr Madanecki's Website about Luminescent Bacteria
• Isolation of P. phosphoreum Cultures from Seafish
• Type strain of Photobacterium phosphoreum at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

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