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Species of livebearer fish
Poecilia picta swamp guppy , is a species of livebearer fish found in South America. It is closely related to the common guppy , P. reticulata , and shares its geographic range but tends to be found in more brackish environments.
Taxonomy
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P. picta forms a clade with P. parae sister taxon to the common guppy, P. reticulata [2] Poecilia Lebistes , along with P. reticulata , P. parae , P. branneri P. amazonica Micropoecilia P. parae and P. branneri .[3]
Description
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Males grow to about 18 mm; females reach sexual maturity at that size too but, as in most other poeciliids , continue to grow, reaching 20 mm.[4] Males also differ from females by being more colorful, with black-spotted bodies and black, yellow, or orange coloration in their dorsal and caudal fins . Three color morphs exist in the wild among males: standard, red, and gold. The colorful forms are known from mainland populations but not from the insular.[2]
Distribution and habitat
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P. picta is distributed throughout northeastern South America, including Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela, and the Caribbean islands , a range it shares with the closely related guppies P. reticulata and P. parae .[2] [5]
P. picta occurs in lowland habitats such as slowly-flowing waters at stream mouths and still water lagoons . These are often brackish .[4] It tolerates a wide range of salinity levels but gradually disappears from upstream freshwater sites due to competition with P. reticulata , which in turn avoids higher levels of salinity. The two species rarely form mixed shoals .[4] [5] P. picta commonly congregates among marginal aquatic plants .[4]
Ecology
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P. picta is omnivorous , feeding on cyanobacteria and animal matter.[6] predators found in its habitats include Polycentrus schomburgkii Hoplias malabaricus Synbranchus marmoratus Astyanax bimaculatus Roeboides dayi prey on fish .[4]
Reproduction
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P. picta is a livebearer .[4] courtship display which involves circling the female's head and may be accepted or rejected by females. In stark contrast to the closely related P. reticulata and P. parae , P. picta females show no preference for males with pronounced red or orange coloration.[2] only one brood at a time . Larger females deliver more fry, with the number normally ranging from 7 to 11,[4] [7]
References
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^ Breden, F; Ptacek, MB; Rashed, M; Taphorn, D; Figueiredo, CA (1999). "Molecular phylogeny of a live-bearing fish genus Poecilia (Poeciliidae: Cyprinidontiformes)" . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 12 2 ): 95–104. doi :10.1006/mpev.1998.0600 . PMID 10381313 . Retrieved 4 January 2024 .
^ a b c d e f g Reznick, David N.; Miles, Donald B.; Wilson, Steven (1992). "Life history of Poecilia picta (Poeciliidae) from the island of Trinidad" . Copeia 3 3 ): 782–790. doi :10.2307/1446155 . JSTOR 1446155 . Retrieved 4 January 2024 .
^ a b Torres-Dowdall, Julián; Dargent, Felipe; Handelsman, Corey A.; Ramnarine, Indar W.; Ghalambor, Cameron K. (April 2013). "Ecological correlates of the distribution limits of two poeciliid species along a salinity gradient" . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 108 (4 ): 790–805. doi :10.1111/bij.12031 . S2CID 82217404 . Retrieved 4 January 2024 .
^ Sanchez, Jessica L.; Bracken-Grissom, Heather; Trexler, Joel C. (2019). "Freshwater-to-marine transitions may explain the evolution of herbivory in the subgenus Mollienesia (genus Poecilia , mollies and guppies)" . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society . 27 4 ): 753. Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^ Keith, Philippe; Le Bail, Pierre-Yves; Planquette, Planquette (2000). "Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane" . Journal of Applied Ichthyology 2 1 ). Paris: 286. doi :10.1111/jai.12275 . Retrieved 3 January 2024 .
Poecilia picta
Micropoecilia picta
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poecilia_picta&oldid=1200412360 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● I U C N R e d L i s t l e a s t c o n c e r n s p e c i e s ● P o e c i l i a ● F i s h o f S u r i n a m e ● F i s h o f G u y a n a ● F r e s h w a t e r f i s h o f V e n e z u e l a ● T a x a n a m e d b y C h a r l e s T a t e R e g a n ● F i s h d e s c r i b e d i n 1 9 1 3 H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● C S 1 F r e n c h - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( fr ) ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s w i t h ' s p e c i e s ' m i c r o f o r m a t s ● T a x o n b a r s w i t h m u l t i p l e m a n u a l W i k i d a t a i t e m s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 2 9 J a n u a r y 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 2 : 3 2 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
