As of March 2024[update], one weekday morning service (Rakuraku Biwako1) runs from MaibaratoOsaka, and two weekday evening services (Rakuraku Biwako 2 &4) run from Osaka to Maibara and Kusatsu respectively, with the journey time from Osaka to Maibara taking approximately 1 hour 28 minutes.[2]
The Biwako Express service was introduced from 2 June 2003.[5]
The service was made entirely no-smoking from 1 June 2009.[6]
The service started calling at Minami-Kusatsu Station,[7] and all seats become reserved[8] from 13 March 2021.
Effective the 16 March 2024 timetable revision, all services were renamed to Rakuraku Biwako. At the same time, 9-car 683 series sets operated on this service were replaced with 6-car 681 or 683 series sets.[9]
^ abJR新幹線&特急列車ファイル [JR Shinkansen & Limited Express Train File] (in Japanese). Japan: Kotsu Shimbunsha. 2008. p. 40. ISBN978-4-330-00608-6.
^"より便利になる通勤特急を「らくラク~」シリーズに統一します" [Unification of the more convenient commuter express trains into the "Rakuraku" series.] (PDF). West Japan Railway Company (in Japanese). Japan. 30 January 2024. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
^ ab"らくラクびわこ (車両案内)". jr.odekake.net (in Japanese). Japan. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
^ abcJR時刻表 [JR Timetable] (in Japanese). Japan: Kotsu Shimbunsha. March 2016. pp. 110, 985.
^特急「びわこエクスプレス」の運転、 特急「はるか」の米原延長運転の開始 [Start of Biwako Express limited express service and extension of Haruka services to Maibara]. News release (in Japanese). Japan: West Japan Railway Company. 18 April 2003. Archived from the original on 11 October 2003. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
^在来線特急列車などの全席禁煙化ならびに在来線ホームの禁煙化の拡大について [Complete ban of smoking on limited express trains and station platforms]. News release (in Japanese). Japan: West Japan Railway Company. 18 April 2003. Archived from the original on 19 April 2009. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
^"2021年3月13日にダイヤ改正を実施します"(PDF) (Press release) (in Japanese). 西日本旅客鉄道近畿統括本部. 18 December 2020. Archived from the original(PDF) on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
^"JR西日本、近畿エリアを走る通勤特急は「らくラク」シリーズに統一" [JR West Unifies Rakuraku Limited Express Services]. MyNavi Corporation (in Japanese). 3 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2024.