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Rhipicephalus annulatus
Scanning electron micrograph of a partially engorged female from Ghana
Scientific classification
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Phylum:
Class:
Subclass:
Superorder:
Order:
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Genus:
Species:
R. annulatus
Binomial name
Rhipicephalus annulatus
(Say , 1821)
Synonyms
Boophilus annulatus Stiles & Hassall, 1901
Boophilus annulatus affinis Minning, 1934
Boophilus annulatus calcaratus Lahille, 1905
Boophilus balcanicus Minning, 1936
Boophilus bovis Curtice, 1891
Boophilus calcaratus Lahille, 1905
Boophilus calcaratus balcanicus Minning, 1934
Boophilus calcaratus calcaratus Minning, 1934
Boophilus calcaratus hispanicus Minning, 1935
Boophilus calcaratus palestinensis Minning, 1934
Boophilus calcaratus persicus Minning, 1936
Boophilus decoloratus calcaratus Alessandrini, 1917
Boophilus margaropus annulatus Giroud et al., 1963
Boophilus palestinensis Kishida, 1939
Boophilus persicus Kishida, 1939
Boophilus schulzei Minning, 1934
Boophilus (Boophilus) calcaratus balcanicus Minning, 1934
Boophilus (Boophilus) congolensis Minning, 1934
Haemaphysalis rosea Koch, 1844
Ixodes annulatus Say, 1821
Ixodes bovis Riley, 1869
Ixodes calcaratus Birula, 1894
Ixodes dugesi Mégnin, 1880 (misapplied name)
Ixodes identatus Gamgee, 1897
Ixodes indentatus Gamgee, 1869
Margaropus annulatus Neumann, 1907
Margaropus annulatus annulatus Neumann, 1911
Margaropus annulatus calcaratus Newstead, Dutton & Todd, 1907
Margaropus annulatus dugesi Castellani & Chalmers, 1919
Margaropus bovis Manson, 1907
Margaropus calcaratus Castellani & Chalmers, 1910
Margaropus dugesi Castellani & Chalmers, 1910
Ornithodoros annulatus Grimaldi, 1934 (misapplied name)
Rhipicephalus annulatus Neumann, 1897
Rhipicephalus annulatus calcarata Neumann, 1904
Rhipicephalus annulatus calcaratus Neumann, 1904
Rhipicephalus annulatus dugesi Neumann, 1901
Rhipicephalus bovis Galli-Valerio, 1901
Rhipicephalus calcaratus Birula, 1895
Rhipicephalus decoloratus calcaratus Velu, 1922
Rhipicephalus dugesi Neumann, 1896
Rhipicephalus rosea Salmon & Stiles, 1901
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus Neumann, 1904
Rhipicephalus annulatus cattle tick , is a hard-bodied tick of the genus Rhipicephalus [1]
Distribution [ edit ]
It shows a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is found in Eritrea , Albania , Algeria , Benin , Bulgaria , Burkina Faso , Cameroon , Central African Republic , Chad , Colombia , Congo , Cote D'Ivoire , Egypt , Ethiopia , Ghana , Greece , Guam , Guinea , India , Israel , Jordan , Liberia , Libya , Madagascar , Mali , Mexico , Morocco , Nigeria , Portugal , Sierra Leone , South Africa , Spain , Sri Lanka , Sudan , Togo , Tunisia , and Turkey .[2]
Description [ edit ]
The adult has a hexagonally shaped scutum. The male has adanal shields and accessory shields. The anal groove is not distinguishable or absent entirely in the female, and minute in the male.[3]
Parasitism [ edit ]
It is an obligate ectoparasite of domestic mammals such as cattle , horse , sheep , dog . It is a potential vector of many babesiosis pathogens like Babesia bigemina Babesia bovis Anaplasma marginale [4] Theobald Smith and Frederick L. Kilbourne .[5]
Lifecycle [ edit ]
It shows a one-host lifecycle, where all larva, nymphs and adults live in one host. After eggs hatch, larva crawl up vegetation and may be blown away by wind. After they stick on to a host, larvae are found on softer parts of the host's body. They become nymphs and then adults after successive molts on the body of the host. After attaining sexual maturity and copulating, the female detaches from the host and lays eggs on vegetation. The female dies after ovipositing.[3]
Control [ edit ]
Babesiasis is one of the major cattle devastating diseases throughout the world. It reduce the meat production, and dairy products as well. Quarantine is the major method of controlling ticks. Sanitation and frequent check for ticks also taken place. Preparations of Nigella sativa [6]
Rhipicephalus annulatus annulatus male
References [ edit ]
^ a b Spickler, Anna Rovid (June 2022). "Rhipicephalus (Boophilus ) annulatus " (PDF) . Institute for International Corporation In Animal Biologics. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via The Center for Food Security & Public Health, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine.
^ "Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus" . University of Bristo. Retrieved 11 February 2017 .
^ Mullen, Gary Richard; Durden, Lance A. (2019). Medical and veterinary entomology (3rd ed.). London: Academic press, an imprint of Elsevier. pp. 2–3. ISBN 978-0-12-814043-7
^ Aboelhadid, S. M.; Mahran, H. A.; El-Hariri, H. M.; Shokier, K. M. (2016). "Rhipicephalus annulatus (Acari: Ixodidae) Control by Nigella sativa, Thyme and Spinosad Preparations" . Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases . 10 2 ): 148–158. PMC 4906754 PMID 27308273 .
External links [ edit ]
t
e
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhipicephalus_annulatus&oldid=1214686369 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● T i c k s ● C o s m o p o l i t a n a r a c h n i d s ● A n i m a l s d e s c r i b e d i n 1 8 2 1 ● I x o d i d a e ● A c a r i s t u b s H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s w i t h ' s p e c i e s ' m i c r o f o r m a t s ● A l l s t u b a r t i c l e s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 2 0 M a r c h 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 4 : 4 7 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
