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Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 History  





2 Freeways  





3 Diagonal spoke arterial roads  





4 East-west mile roads  



4.1  Detroit and western suburbs  





4.2  Northern suburbs  





4.3  South of Ford  





4.4  Eastern Detroit and Grosse Pointe  





4.5  Northern exurbs  



4.5.1  Oakland County  





4.5.2  Macomb County  





4.5.3  St. Clair County  





4.5.4  Lapeer County  









5 North-south grid roads  





6 Address numbering scheme  



6.1  Pontiac grid  





6.2  Other independent numbering schemes  







7 See also  





8 Notes  





9 References  





10 Further reading  





11 External links  














Roads and freeways in metropolitan Detroit







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Roads and freeways in Metro Detroit

Interstate 75 marker

US Highway 24 marker

M-10 marker

Highway markers for I‑75, US 24 and M‑10
Map of Metro Detroit freeways
System information
Formed1805[1]
Highway names
InterstatesInterstate nn (I‑nn)
US HighwaysUS Highway nn (US nn)
StateM‑nn
System links

The Detroit metropolitan area in southeast Michigan is served by a comprehensive network of roads and highways. Three primary Interstate Highways pass through the region, along with three auxiliary Interstates, and multiple state and U.S. Highways.[2] These are supplemented by the Mile Road System, a series of local roads spaced one mile apart on a perpendicular grid.

Many of the grid's east-west roads are known by numbers, such as 8 Mile Road, the system's baseline and Detroit's northern border. Intersecting this grid are five diagonal spokes, major arterial roads which travel from downtown to the suburbs. Most major roads in the city and suburbs follow this grid, though streets in some areas (particularly within Detroit, and near Lake St. Clair and other lakes) deviate.

History[edit]

Augustus Woodward's plan following the 1805 fire for Detroit's baroque styled radial avenues and Grand Circus Park.

Following a historic fire in 1805, Judge Augustus B. Woodward devised a plan similar to Pierre Charles L'Enfant's design for Washington, D.C. Detroit's monumental avenues and traffic circles fan out in a baroque-styled radial fashion from Grand Circus Park in the heart of the city's theater district, which facilitates traffic patterns along the city's tree-lined boulevards and parks.[3] The Woodward plan proposed a system of hexagonal street blocks, with the Grand Circus at its center. Wide avenues, alternatively 200 feet (61 m) and 120 feet (37 m), would emanate from large circular plazas like spokes from the hub of a wheel. As the city grew these would spread in all directions from the banks of the Detroit River. When Woodward presented his proposal, Detroit had fewer than 1,000 residents. Elements of the plan were implemented.

The Mile Road System extended easterly into Detroit, but is interrupted, because much of Detroit's early settlements and farms were based on early French land grants that were aligned northwest-to-southeast with frontage along the Detroit River and on later development along roads running into downtown Detroit in a star pattern, such as Woodward, Jefferson, Grand River, Gratiot, and Michigan Avenues, developed by Augustus Woodward in imitation of Washington, D.C.'s system.

The Mile Road grid came about largely as a result of the Land Ordinance of 1785, which established the basis for the Public Land Survey System in which land throughout the Northwest Territory was surveyed and divided into survey townships by reference to a baseline (east-west line) and meridian (north-south line). In Southeast Michigan, many roads would be developed parallel to the base line and the meridian, and many of the east-west roads would be incorporated into the Mile Road System.

The baseline used in the survey of Michigan lands runs along 8 Mile Road, which is approximately eight miles (13 km) directly north of the junction of Woodward Avenue and Michigan Avenue in downtown Detroit. As a result, the direct east-west portion of Michigan Avenue, and M‑153 (Ford Road) west of Wyoming Avenue, forms the zero mile baseline for this mile road system. While the roads are almost precisely aligned with cardinal directions, there are slight discrepancies—for example, the eastern terminus of 8 Mile Road in St. Clair Shores is at 42.45°N, whereas its western terminus (45 miles [72 km] away in Whitmore Lake) is 1+12 miles (2.4 km) south, at 42.42°N.

The point of origin in Campus Martius Park

The precise point of origin is located in Campus Martius Park, marked by a medallion[4] embedded in the stone walkway. It is situated in the western point of the diamond surrounding Woodward Fountain,[5] just in front of the Fountain Bistro.

Freeways[edit]

Satellite image of the I-96/I-275/I-696/M-5 interchange spanning Farmington Hills and Novi

Diagonal spoke arterial roads[edit]

Listed clockwise from southwest to northeast.

East-west mile roads[edit]

Detroit and western suburbs[edit]

Listed from south to north. Mile roads south of 5 Mile are referred to exclusively by their names, not by mile numbers.

Northern suburbs[edit]

Listed from south to north. Mile roads are referred to only by numbers in Macomb County (with few exceptions); in Oakland County, however, mile roads north of 14 Mile are referred to primarily by names, not numbers.

South of Ford[edit]

The grid continues south of Ford Road, with roads generally spaced one mile (1.6 km) apart up to, and past, the border with the state of Ohio. None of these roads connect to Detroit, and they are almost never referred to by mile numbers, officially or colloquially. Further south and west, along the Lake Erie shoreline, and through Downriver, the roads tend to fall off the grids more often, for several reasons, including remnants of the French ribbon farms and natural features preventing straight road building.

Eastern Detroit and Grosse Pointe[edit]

On Detroit's far east side, which is aligned according to the French colonial long lot system rather than the Northwest Ordinance survey grid, Cadieux, Moross, and Vernier Roads are not extensions of 6 Mile Road, 7 Mile Road and 8 Mile Road, respectively. East McNichols (6 Mile) ends at Gratiot Avenue, with traffic continuing to Cadieux two miles (3.2 km) away via Seymour Street and Morang Drive. East 7 Mile Road ends as a short four-lane one-way side street at Kelly Road, two blocks east of where Moross veers off from 7 Mile, taking most traffic with it. Most traffic on 8 Mile Road continuing east of Kelly Road veers onto Vernier Road; 8 Mile continues as a side street eastward for a short distance past Harper Avenue. This is a common misconception by residents of Detroit, Harper Woods and Grosse Pointe, as Cadieux, Moross and Vernier appear to be extensions of their mile-road neighbors, but are in fact roads in their own right.

Northern exurbs[edit]

Oakland County[edit]

Macomb County[edit]

St. Clair County[edit]

Through St. Clair County, none of these mile number names are carried over, as a result, all of the Mile Roads are known by their road names.

Lapeer County[edit]

The system continues uninterrupted in sequence up to 38 Mile Road, on the Macomb–Lapeer county line near Almont and Van Dyke Road (M‑53). However, although not signed as mile roads, major roads still lie at one-mile (1.6 km) intervals in Lapeer County and in fact a few major roads that start in and around the city of Flint continue east into Lapeer County.

North-south grid roads[edit]

The area's north-south roads, often colloquially called grid roads, are similarly spaced one mile (1.6 km) apart, perpendicular to the east-west mile roads. Like the east-west grid, north-south roads lose cohesion to the grid in much of Detroit, the Grosse Pointes, eastern Downriver, and in the lake-filled areas of Oakland County.

Listed from east to west:

Address numbering scheme[edit]

Addresses are generally numbered outwards from Woodward Avenue (south of McNichols Road) and John R Street (north of McNichols) for numbers on east-west roads and from the Detroit River (east of the Ambassador Bridge), a Norfolk Southern Railway/CSX Transportation railroad line between the Ambassador Bridge and the Rouge River, the Rouge River itself north to just past Evergreen Road in Dearborn, an invisible line from there to the eastern end of Cherry Hill Road and Cherry Hill Road for numbers on north-south streets, with the numbers increasing the further one is from these baselines.

Addresses in the Detroit area tend to be much higher than in many other major cities, with numbers in the 20000s common within the city limits and in the inner-ring suburbs. The highest addresses used in the Detroit system are the range 79000 to 80999, for north-south roads beyond 37 Mile Road in northern Macomb County, and from 81000 to the high 81900s in the portion of the city of Memphis that bulges about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) into St. Clair County. For many years, the Guinness Book of World Records incorrectly listed 81951 Main Street (M‑19) in Memphis as the highest street address number anywhere, but higher numbers are in use elsewhere in the United States. The Detroit system also extends as far west as Lyon Charter Township, whose supervisor's offices are located at 58000 Grand River Avenue,[9] and as far south as the southernmost border of Wayne County.

With a few exceptions, one can determine which mile roads an address is between on major north-south roads north of Five Mile/Fenkell by using the formula:

[(first two numbers of the address)-5] / 2
Example: 34879 Gratiot Avenue [(34-5)/2]= 14.5 which indicates the address is between 14 Mile and 15 Mile roads.

In the early days of Detroit-area house numbering, surveyors calculated position on the grid of mile roads to define addresses. The resulting system, adopted in 1921 and sometimes referred to as the Detroit Edison system, generally assigns 2000 addresses to each mile. (There are often gaps in the numbering; for instance, east addresses 9000 to 10999 and north addresses 2300 to 5599 [at Ford Road] are skipped). Typically, addresses of single family homes on adjacent lots on the grid system, both within Detroit and in the suburbs, are incremented by 8, 10, 12 or more rather than by 2 as is the case in most other large cities in the United States.

Pontiac grid[edit]

Pontiac and a number of surrounding communities have a separate grid, on which numbers ascend traveling away from the corner of Saginaw and Pike streets in downtown Pontiac. This system is used in Pontiac, Auburn Hills, Bloomfield Township, Bloomfield Hills, Waterford, Sylvan Lake, Keego Harbor, Orchard Lake Village, West Bloomfield, and portions of White Lake. Addresses on Woodward in these communities use the Detroit scheme.

Other independent numbering schemes[edit]

Though many suburbs also use the Detroit system, there are several that border those using the Detroit system that instead use their own numbering systems.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Lingeman, Stanley D. (April 6, 2001). Michigan Highway History Timeline 1701–2001: 300 Years of Progress. Lansing: Library of Michigan. p. 1. OCLC 435640179.
  • ^ World Trade Center Detroit/Windsor. Regional Advantages for International Business (PDF). World Trade Center Detroit/Windsor. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  • ^ Baulch, Vivian M. (June 13, 1999). "Woodward Avenue, Detroit's Grand Old 'Main Street'". The Detroit News. Archived from the original on January 4, 2009. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
  • ^ Detroit 300 Conservancy (2006). "Photograph of Point of Origin medallion". Detroit 300 Conservancy. Archived from the original (JPG) on July 15, 2006.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  • ^ Detroit 300 Conservancy (2006). "Campus Martius Park site plan". Detroit 300 Conservancy.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  • ^ Greenwood, Tom (November 1, 2002). "Ribbon Cutting Opens New Road". The Detroit News.
  • ^ "Williams, John R." Encyclopedia of Detroit. Detroit Historical Society. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
  • ^ Hatcher, Beverly (November 13, 1991). "It's Lahser! Mispronounced road now gets misspelled". The Daily Tribune. Royal Oak, Michigan.
  • ^ Lyon Township - Supervisor's Office
  • Further reading[edit]

  • Fisher, Dale (1994). Detroit: Visions of the Eagle. Grass Lake, Michigan: Eyry of the Eagle Publishing. ISBN 0-9615623-3-1.
  • —— (2005). Southeast Michigan: Horizons of Growth. Grass Lake, Michigan: Eyry of the Eagle Publishing. ISBN 1-891143-25-5.
  • External links[edit]


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