Robert Recorde
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Robert Recorde (c.1512–1558)
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| Born | c. 1510
Tenby, Pembrokeshire, Wales
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| Died | June 1558 (1558-07)
London, England
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| Nationality | Welsh |
| Alma mater | University of Oxford University of Cambridge |
| Known for | Inventing the equals sign (=) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physician and mathematician |
| Institutions | University of Oxford Royal Mint |
Robert Recorde (c. 1510 – 1558) was a Welsh[1][2] physician and mathematician. He invented the equals sign (=) and also introduced the pre-existing plus (+) and minus (−) signs to English speakers in 1557.
Born around 1510, Robert Recorde was the second and last son of Thomas and Rose Recorde[3]ofTenby, Pembrokeshire, in Wales.[4]
Recorde entered the University of Oxford about 1525, and was elected a Fellow of All Souls College there in 1531. Having adopted medicine as a profession, he went to the University of Cambridge to take the degree of M.D. in 1545. He afterwards returned to Oxford, where he publicly taught mathematics, as he had done prior to going to Cambridge. He invented the "equals" sign, which consists of two horizontal parallel lines, stating that no two things can be more equal. It appears that he afterwards went to London, and acted as physician to King Edward VI and to Queen Mary, to whom some of his books are dedicated. He was also controller of the Royal Mint and served as Comptroller of Mines and Monies in Ireland.[5] After being sued for defamation by a political enemy, he was arrested for debt and died in the King's Bench Prison, Southwark, by the middle of June 1558.
Recorde published several works upon mathematical and medical subjects, chiefly in the form of dialogue between master and scholar, such as the following:
Most of those works were written in the form of a catechism.[6] Several books whose authors are unknown have been attributed to him: Cosmographiae isagoge, De Arte faciendi Horologium and De Usu Globorum et de Statu temporum.[10]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Recorde, Robert". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 966.
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