Contents

Rudra Mahalaya Temple

Rudra Mahalaya Temple
Ruins of main portal, Toran, of Rudra Mahalaya, 1874
Rudra Mahalaya Location in Gujarat
Alternative names	Rudra Mala
General information
Status	ruined
Architectural style	Māru-Gurjara architecture
Location	Siddhpur, Patan district, Gujarat
Country	India
Coordinates	23°55′09″N 72°22′45″E / 23.91917°N 72.37917°E / 23.91917; 72.37917
Construction started	943 CE
Opened	1140 CE
Destroyed	1296 CE and 1414 CE
Technical details
Material	sandstone
Floor count	2
Designations	ASI Monument of National Importance (N-GJ-164 for temple/163 for mosque)
Rudra Mahalaya Temple Plan of Rudra Mahalaya temple Religion Affiliation Hinduism Deity Rudra Architecture Creator Mularaja, Jayasimha Siddharaja and other Chaulukya kings

The Rudra Mahalaya Temple, also known as Rudramal, is a destroyed/desecrated Hindu temple complex at Siddhpur in the Patan districtofGujarat, India. Its construction was started in 943 CE by Mularaja and completed in 1140 CE by Jayasimha Siddharaja, a ruler of the Chaulukya dynasty. The Hindu temple was destroyed by the Sultan of Delhi, Alauddin Khalji, and later the Sultan of Gujarat, Ahmed Shah I (1410–1444) desecrated and substantially demolished the temple, and also converted part of it into the congregational mosque (Jami Masjid) of the city. Two torans (porches) and four pillars of the former central structure still stand along with the western part of the complex used as a congregational mosque.

History[edit]

Sidhpur, under the rulers of Chaulukya dynasty, was a prominent town in the tenth century. An inscription from 986-987 CE mentions in passing that Mularaja, the founder of the Chaulukya dynasty of Gujarat, had offered prayers to Rudra Mahalay. Colonial sources say that Muladev ordered the construction of a shrine there to atone for his earlier sins,^[1] but it is possible that a temple existed at the place even before his reign. Archaeological evidence suggests that an existing structure was removed and a new complex was built on top of the existing foundation in twelfth century.^[2]

Consecration[edit]

It was during the 12th century, in 1140 CE, that Jayasimha Siddharaja (1094–1144) consecrated the temple complex in worship of Shiva.^[1][a][b] This act continued the long-running patronage of the city by the Chalukyas.^[2]

Dismantling[edit]

The temple was dismantled during the siege of the city by Ahmad Shah I (1410–44) of Muzaffarid dynasty; parts of it were reused in setting up a new congregational mosque.^[2] Mirat-i-Sikandiri, the earliest extant chronicle in Persian documenting Shah's campaigns, attributes the destruction to religious zealotry^[c] — however, Alka Patel cautions that these texts were often biased due to panegyric aims and often contradicted by other evidence.^[2]

Architecture[edit]

The temple was built in Māru-Gurjara architecture style.

Gallery[edit]

• 
  Elevation of Kirti Torana
• 
  Carving of the lintel
• 
  Drawing of sculptures
• 
  One of the surviving porches
• 
  Rudramahal
• 
  Surviving western part
• 
  Surviving torana

See also[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rudra Mahalaya Temple.

• List of Monuments of National Importance in Gujarat

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

Bibliography[edit]

• Sastri, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta; Congress, Indian History (1907). A Comprehensive History of India. Orient Longmans. ISBN 978-81-7304-561-5.