| Sant'Onofrio | |
|---|---|
| Church of Saint Onuphrius on the Janiculum | |
Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio al Gianicolo
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| 41°53′50″N 12°27′41″E / 41.89722°N 12.46139°E / 41.89722; 12.46139 | |
| Location | Piazza di Sant'Onofrio 2, Rome |
| Country | Italy |
| Language(s) | Italian |
| Denomination | Catholic |
| Tradition | Roman Rite |
| Religious order | Society of the Atonement |
| History | |
| Status | titular church |
| Founded | 1439 |
| Dedication | Onuphrius |
| Architecture | |
| Architectural type | Renaissance |
| Completed | 1620 |
| Administration | |
| Diocese | Rome |
Sant'Onofrio al Gianicolo is a titular churchinTrastevere, Rome. It is the official church of the papal order of knighthood Order of the Holy Sepulchre. A side chapel is dedicated to the Order and a former grand master, Nicola Canali is entombed there. It is located on the Janiculum. Since 1946, the church has been under the care of the American congregation of the Franciscan Friars of the Atonement.[1]
The monastery was built around 1439 on the site of a hermitage[2] founded two decades earlier by Nicola da Forca Palena and is dedicated is to St Onuphrius, a 4th century Egyptian hermit. The attached cloister was added in the mid-15th century.
The "Salita di Sant'Onofrio", a rather steep driveway to the monastery, was used as a location for the 1958 film Big Deal on Madonna Street.
Cardinal Pierbattista Pizzaballa is the current Cardinal-Priest.[3]
Behind the Renaissance portico are three lunettesbyDomenichino, painted in 1605, commemorating the hermits who lived here and depicting scenes from the life of St Jerome. The fountain in the center of the churchyard was assembled from salvage partly from the destroyed Piazza Giudia’s fountain. When the latter was re-created as the Fontana di Piazza della Cinque Scole, the one at the monastery was given modern bits to replace those taken back. The original tomb slab of the founder, Blessed Nicholas of Forca Palena, is on the wall to the right of the church entrance.[4]
The church has a single cross-vaulted nave with five chapels. The church also contains an altarpiece, The Madonna of LoretobyAgostino Carracci, (his only work in a church in Rome) and frescoes in the apse of Scenes from the Life of Mary, attributed to Baldassare Peruzzi.[2]
Next to the main altar is a Monument to Giovanni Sacco attributed to the school of Andrea Bregno with frescoes of St. Anne Teaching the Virgin to Read by a painter of the Umbrian school.
The sacristy ceiling has frescoes by Girolamo Pesci, while the walls have a Peter of PisabyFrancesco Trevisani. The cloister, which is perhaps the oldest part of the complex,[5] has frescoes by the Cavaliere d'Arpino (Giuseppe Cesari) and others depicting scenes from the life of Saint Onuphrius.[4]
Torquato Tasso, the author of Gerusalemme Liberata, the epic poem that retells the deeds of the crusaders who fought to regain possession of the Holy Sepulchre, requested and obtained shelter at the monastery of Sant'Onofrio after wandering all over Italy. He spent the last years of his life there, dying in the cloister on 25 April 1595, the evening before he was to be crowned with laurels on the Capitoline Hill. The monastery houses a collection of manuscripts and editions of his work, as well as his death mask, in the Museo Tassiano.[7]: 219
