Senaki uezd
Сенакскій уѣздъ
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|---|---|
Coat of arms | |
Location in the Kutais Governorate
| |
| Country | Russian Empire |
| Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
| Governorate | Kutaisi |
| Established | 1867 |
| Abolished | 1930 |
| Capital | Senaki |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2,127.27 km2 (821.34 sq mi) |
| Population
(1916)
| |
| • Total | 159,678 |
| • Density | 75/km2 (190/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 11.73% |
| • Rural | 88.27% |
The Senaki uezd[a] was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Zugdidi uezd to the west, the Lechkhumi uezd to the north, the Kutaisi uezd to the east, and the Ozurgeti uezd to the south. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The Senaki uezd was eponymously named for its administrative center, Senaki.[1]
The Senaki uezd was formed in 1846 as part of the Kutaisi Governorate on the territory of the historical region of Samegrelo during the time of the Russian Empire. In 1918, the Kutaisi Governorate including the Senaki uezd was incorporated into part of the Democratic Republic of Georgia.[1]
The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Senaki uezd in 1913 were as follows:[2]
| Name | 1912 population |
|---|---|
| Abashskiy uchastok (Абашскій участокъ) | 20,740 |
| Bandzinskiy uchastok (Бандзинскій участокъ) | 15,246 |
| Martvilskiy uchastok (Мартвильскій участокъ) | 20,218 |
| Senakskiy uchastok (Сенакскій участокъ) | 7,587 |
According to the Russian Empire Census, the Senaki uezd had a population of 115,785 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 58,585 men and 57,200 women. The majority of the population indicated Mingrelian to be their mother tongue, with a significant Georgian speaking minority.[3]
| Language | Native speakers | % |
|---|---|---|
| Mingrelian | 96,851 | 83.65 |
| Georgian | 14,338 | 12.38 |
| Russian | 1,395 | 1.20 |
| Imeretian | 895 | 0.77 |
| Armenian | 448 | 0.39 |
| Jewish | 448 | 0.39 |
| Greek | 401 | 0.35 |
| Polish | 175 | 0.15 |
| Turkish | 173 | 0.15 |
| Ukrainian | 124 | 0.11 |
| English | 85 | 0.07 |
| Lithuanian | 72 | 0.06 |
| German | 71 | 0.06 |
| Tatar[b] | 64 | 0.06 |
| Svan | 63 | 0.05 |
| Abkhaz | 24 | 0.02 |
| Romanian | 17 | 0.01 |
| Kurdish | 3 | 0.00 |
| Ossetian | 3 | 0.00 |
| Persian | 2 | 0.00 |
| Avar-Andean | 1 | 0.00 |
| Belarusian | 1 | 0.00 |
| Estonian | 1 | 0.00 |
| Other | 130 | 0.11 |
| TOTAL | 115,785 | 100.00 |
According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Senaki uezd had a population of 159,678 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 86,448 men and 73,230 women, 149,112 of whom were the permanent population, and 10,566 were temporary residents:[6]
| Nationality | Urban | Rural | TOTAL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Georgians | 12,441 | 66.42 | 139,303 | 98.83 | 151,744 | 95.03 |
| Russians | 2,836 | 15.14 | 4 | 0.00 | 2,840 | 1.78 |
| Jews | 847 | 4.52 | 1,639 | 1.16 | 2,486 | 1.56 |
| Armenians | 1,529 | 8.16 | 0 | 0.00 | 1,529 | 0.96 |
| Asiatic Christians | 769 | 4.11 | 0 | 0.00 | 769 | 0.48 |
| Other Europeans | 239 | 1.28 | 0 | 0.00 | 239 | 0.15 |
| Sunni Muslims[c] | 70 | 0.37 | 0 | 0.00 | 70 | 0.04 |
| North Caucasians | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| TOTAL | 18,731 | 100.00 | 140,947 | 100.00 | 159,678 | 100.00 |
42°16′8″N 42°4′45″E / 42.26889°N 42.07917°E / 42.26889; 42.07917
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