In the field of sociology he became known as a "sociologist of youth" (after a term in From Generation to Generation, a work closely related to the ideas of Talcott Parsons). However:
Eisenstadt's research contributed considerably to the understanding that the modern trend of a eurocentric interpretation of the cultural program developed in the west is a natural development model seen in all societies ... the European model is only one: it was merely the earliest. It started the trend. But social reactions, whether in the USA, Canada, Japan or in Southeast Asia took place with completely different cultural reagents. (Frankfurter Rundschau, March 22, 2000)
Eisenstadt was born in 1923 in Warsaw, Poland. In the early 1930s his widowed mother took him to Jerusalem and he was educated in Palestine from the age of 12. In 1940, Eisenstadt studied at the Hebrew University where he received his M.A. and Ph.D. in sociology.[2] After the 1947–48 school year, he went back to Jerusalem to be an assistant lecturer in Martin Buber's department under whom he had written his master's thesis. Eisenstadt stayed at the Hebrew University and began teaching there, served as the Chairman of the Department of Sociology from 1950 to 1969, and also served as Dean of the Faculty of Humanities for a few years.[2]
Eisenstadt contributed to the understanding of cultures and civilizations. As a social scientist, "Eisenstadt has focused on the interplay between cultural and structural processes of change and on inherent tensions and antinomies rather than on uniform process of development"[3] Eisenstadt researched broad themes of social change, modernities and civilizations.[3] One of his arguments is that "fundamentalism is not a traditional but a modern phenomenon".[3]
Eisenstadt summed up his views by saying "I try to understand what was the historical experience of the great civilizations...to try to understand the major dynamics of these civilizations and how they became modern societies, how they modernize and how they develop different cultural programs of modernity".[4]
In honor of Eisenstadt's contributions to sociology Erik Cohen, Moshe Lissak, and Uri Almagor compiled the book, Comparative Social Dynamics: Essays in Honor of S.N Eisenstadt.[5] The contributions of this book were written by Eisenstadt's former students and colleagues at the Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The articles relate to Eisenstadt's major themes in the study of cultures, modernization, and social and political change. Eisenstadt's work touches many different fields of sociology, time periods and cultures and the editors felt the leading concept of Eisenstadt's work was social dynamics.
The Holberg International Memorial Prize in 2006 from the Norwegian Parliament. This prize awarded Eisenstadt for outstanding scholarly work in the fields of the arts and humanities, social sciences, law and theology;
An honorary doctorate from Warsaw University in 2005;
An Honorary Degree from Harvard University.
Eisenstadt was a member of: Israeli Academy of Sciences, Honorary Foreign Members of the American Philosophical Society, Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences in the U.S., Honorary Foreign Member at the Academy of Arts and Sciences, Honorary Foreign Research Fellow at the Institute of Sociology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Honorary Fellow of the London School of Economics and Political Sciences.
In 2010 a festschrift, Collective Identities, States and Globalization; Essays in honour of S.N. Eisenstadt was published in Eisenstadt's honor.
Erik Cohen, Moshe Lissak and Uri Almagor (eds.), 1985 Comparative Social Dynamics", Essays in honor of S.N. Eisenstadt; Westview Press, Boulder and London,.
Klaus Plake und Wolfgang K. Schulz (eds.), 1993 Entillusionierung als Programm: Beitrage zur Soziologie von Shmuel N. Eisenstadt, Deutscher Studien Verlag, Weinheim.
Eliezer Ben-Rafael and Yitzhak Sternberg (eds.) 2005. Comparing Modernities: Pluralism versus Homogenity; essays in homage to Shmuel N. Eisenstadt. Brill: Leiden.
Benjamin Z. Kedar, Ilana Friedrich Silber and Adam Klin-Oron, eds., Dynamics of Continuity, Patterns of Change: Between World History and Comparative Historical Sociology. In Memory of Shmuel Noah Eisenstadt (Jerusalem, Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and The Van Leer Institute, 2017), 290 pp.
עורכים: חנה הרצוג, טל כוכבי, שמשון צלניקר ; 2007 דורות, מרחבים, זהויות: מבטים עכשוויים על חברה ותרבות בישראל: לשמואל נח אייזנשטדט בהגיעו לגבורות. מכון ון ליר בירושלים והוצאת הקיבוץ המאוחד.
Weil, S. 2010 [Last Interview 'On Multiple Modernities, Civilizations and Ancient Judaism: an Interview with Prof. S.N. Eisenstadt'], European Societies 12 (4): 451-465.
Gerhard Preyer, Michael Sussman (eds.), 2016 Varieties of Multiple Modernities New Research Design, Leiden. Brill.
