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( R e d i r e c t e d f r o m S i m l a H i l l S t a t e s )
Princely states in the northern border regions of British India
This article is about the princely states in NW India during the British Raj. For the hills in Northeast India, see
Khasi and Jaintia Hills .
The Hill States of India were princely states lying in the northern border regions of the British Indian Empire .
History
[ edit ]
During the colonial Raj period, two groups of princely states in direct relations with the Province of British Punjab became part of the British Indian Empire later than most of the former Mughal Empire , in the context of two wars and an uprising.
For its princely rulers the informal term Hill Rajas has been coined. It does not apply to other native hill country princes such as the Rawat of Rajgarh .
After the independence and split-up of British India, the Hill States acceded to the new Dominion of India and were later divided between India 's constituent states of Punjab (proper), Haryana and Himachal Pradesh .
Simla Hills
[ edit ]
Map of some Hill states, 1911
28 princely states (including feudatory princes and zaildars ) in the promontories of the western Himalaya were named after Shimla as the Simla Hill States .[1] These states were ruled mainly by Hindu Rajputs .[2] [3]
Three quarters of the about 4,800 square miles (12,000 km 2 ), on both sides of the Sutlej river, was the territory of the Raja (earlier Rana) of Bashahr . The direct tributaries of Bashahr were :
the Thakur of Khaneti
the Thakur of Delath
Initially both Khaneti and Delath were feudatory of Kumharsain .
The other, all far smaller, princely states, including a few with some petty dependencies of their own, were further south, on the left bank of the Sutlej :
the Rana (also styled as Rana Saheb) of Kumharsain . Tributaries of Kumharsain until 1815 were:
the Rana of Balsan
the Thakur of Madhan
the Thakur of Bharauli
the Thakur of Beja State
the Rana of Bhaji /Bhajji
a prince of Bhagat
the Raja of Bilaspur (formerly Kahlur /Kehloor ), entitled to an 11-guns salute
the Rana of Darkoti
the Rana (Shri) of Dhami
the Raja (formerly Rana) of Jubbal , which had two tributaries:
the Thakur (sahib) of Dhadi State, initially tributary to Tharoch, then to Bashahr and finally in 1896 to Jubbal.
(title?) Rawin = Rawingarh
the Raja (formerly Rana) of Keonthal , where the feudal pyramid included five zaildars (jagirdars collecting a special tax) :
a Jagirdar Gundh
a Jagirdar Madhan = Kiari
the Rana Sahib of Koti (since 1815)
the Thakur Saheb (also styled as Rana) of Ratesh (popularly known as Kot, 'fortress')
the Rana of Theog
the Thakur of Kunihar
the Rana of Kuthar
the Thakur of Mahlog
the Rana of Mangal
the Raja of Nalagarh
the Thakur (or Rai Mian) of Sangri State
the Thakur (originally titled Rana up to the occupation by the Gurkhas; Thakurs from 1815 to 1929) of Tharoch = Tiroch
NB - For various of the entities above, the authentic title of the chieftain is missing. While some of the lowest ranking may have had none, for the princes that can merely be due to insufficient sources available
The princely states of the Simla Hills all ultimately became part of the modern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh .
Demographics
[ edit ]
Religious groups in Simla Hill States (British Punjab province era)
Religious group
1901[4]
1911[5] [6]
1921[7]
1931[8]
1941[9]
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Hinduism [a]
373,886
96.03%
386,953
95.7%
292,768
95.45%
317,390
95.93%
345,716
96.16%
Islam
11,535
2.96%
11,374
2.81%
9,551
3.11%
10,017
3.03%
10,812
3.01%
Buddhism
2,223
0.57%
2,709
0.67%
2,052
0.67%
1,308
0.4%
10
0%
Sikhism
1,318
0.34%
2,911
0.72%
2,040
0.67%
1,817
0.55%
2,693
0.75%
Jainism
274
0.07%
172
0.04%
142
0.05%
141
0.04%
126
0.04%
Christianity
113
0.03%
224
0.06%
164
0.05%
176
0.05%
161
0.04%
Zoroastrianism
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
1
0%
2
0%
Judaism
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
Others
0
0%
0
0%
1
0%
0
0%
0
0%
Total population
389,349
100%
404,343
100%
306,718
100%
330,850
100%
359,520
100%
Note1: British Punjab province era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. Note2: 1901-1911 census: Including Jubbal , Bashahr , Keonthal , Baghal , Bilaspur, Nalagarh , and other minor hill states. Note3: 1921-1931 census: Including Bashahr, Nalagarh, Keonthal, Baghal, Jubbal, and other minor hill states. Note3: 1941 census: Including Bashahr, Nalagarh, Keonthal, Baghal, Jubbal, Baghat , Kumarsain , Bhajji , Mahlog , Balsan, Dhami , Kuthar , Kunihar , Mangal , Bija , Darkoti , Tharoch, and Sangri states.
States of the Punjab Hills
[ edit ]
Some nearby Hindu and Sikh states include :
the Maharaja of Kangra ,
the Raja (Saheb) of Chamba , entitled to an 11 gun salute
the Raja of Mandi ,
the Raja of Suket ,
the Raja of Siba , no salute, as Siba was not fully part of the British Indian Empire, only Siba Jagir (Jagir of Mian Devi Singh) up to Kotla.
etc.
Notes
[ edit ]
References
[ edit ]
^ Crill, Rosemary; Jariwala, Kapil (2010). The Indian Portrait, 1560-1860 . Mapin Publishing Pvt. ISBN 9788189995379 .
^ "Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province" . 1901. p. 34. JSTOR saoa.crl.25363739 . Retrieved 30 March 2024 .
^ "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables" . 1911. p. 27. JSTOR saoa.crl.25393788 . Retrieved 30 March 2024 .
^ Kaul, Harikishan (1911). "Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II" . p. 27 . Retrieved 30 March 2024 .
^ "Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables" . 1921. p. 29. JSTOR saoa.crl.25430165 . Retrieved 30 March 2024 .
^ "Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables" . 1931. p. 277. JSTOR saoa.crl.25793242 . Retrieved 30 March 2024 .
^ "Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab" . 1941. p. 42. JSTOR saoa.crl.28215541 . Retrieved 30 March 2024 .
Sources and external links
[ edit ]
t
e
Punjab States Agency
Historical Punjab Hill States
Simla Hill States Superintendency
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hill_States_of_India&oldid=1233530648#Simla_Hills "
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● P r i n c e l y s t a t e s o f H i m a c h a l P r a d e s h
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H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s :
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● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a
● U s e I n d i a n E n g l i s h f r o m M a y 2 0 1 5
● A l l W i k i p e d i a a r t i c l e s w r i t t e n i n I n d i a n E n g l i s h
● U s e d m y d a t e s f r o m M a y 2 0 1 5
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 9 J u l y 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 5 : 3 0 ( U T C ) .
● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n .
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