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Smart materials, also called intelligent or responsive materials,[1][page needed] are designed materials that have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli, such as stress, moisture, electricormagnetic fields, light, temperature, pH, or chemical compounds.[2][3] Smart materials are the basis of many applications, including sensors and actuators, or artificial muscles, particularly as electroactive polymers (EAPs).[4][page needed][5][page needed][6][page needed][7][page needed][8][page needed][9][page needed]
There are a number of types of smart material, of which are already common. Some examples are as following: