Contents

Sociative case

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this articlebyadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Sociative case" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Ingrammar, the sociative case is a grammatical case in the Hungarian, Tamil, and Malayalam^{[citation needed]} languages that can express the person in whose company (cf. Latin socius) an action is carried out, or to any belongings of people which take part in an action (together with their owners).

In Hungarian, this case is denoted by the suffixes -stul and -stül, depending on vowel harmony. This case is archaic and nowadays the instrumental-comitative case is usually used instead. Nevertheless, it can be used also in modern Hungarian to express a slight pejorative tone against a person. Here are a few examples:

• Karácsonykor egy fillér nélkül, kölyköstül állított be az anyósához "Without a dime, she wound up in her mother-in-law's house at Christmas with her kids"

The use of the sociative case kölyköstül ("with her kids") signifies the speaker's contempt. The case appears also in some commonly used expressions, which survived the general obsolescence of the sociative case:

• Ruhástul ugrott a medencébe "He jumped into the pool with his clothes on"
• A fenevad szőröstül-bőröstül felfalta a védtelen kis nyuszit "The monster devoured the helpless little bunny neck and crop"

In Tamil, the sociative case takes the endings -ஓடு (-ōṭu) or -உடன் (-uṭan). It is related to the instrumental case but not identical to it. In contrast to the sociative case, the instrumental case usually denotes the means of action and takes the ending -ஆல் (-āl).

• Hungarian Gyerekestül versus Gyerekkel (‘with [the] kid’) by Fekete, István
• The Tamil Case System, by Harold F. Schiffman

This Dravidian languages-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This article about a Uralic language or related topic is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This syntax-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This Hungary-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This India-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This linguistic morphology article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.