Sultan Bathery (India)
Show map of IndiaCoordinates: 11°40′N 76°17′E / 11.67°N 76.28°E / 11.67; 76.28
Country
artillery battery of Tipu Sultan
• Municipal Chairperson
T K Ramesh
• Total
102.24 km2 (39.48 sq mi)
901 m (2,956 ft)
• Total
45,417
• Density
440/km2 (1,200/sq mi)
• Official
Malayalam, English
91 4936
1,029 male/female
Literacy
89.36%
Sultan Bathery is a town and municipality in the Wayanad districtofKerala, India, near its borders with Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Once known as a strategic location in the Malabar region, Sultan Bathery is the headquarters of the Sultan Bathery taluk.[1]
It is credited with being Kerala's cleanest town and is known for its tourism and commercial activities. The prehistoric caves, jungle trails, streams and rivers and lush greenery of the undulating hills draw a lot of tourists to the region every year.
The modern town was part of Kidanganad village, so-called because of the presence of the Kidangan tribe.[2] During the invasion of MalabarbyMysore ruler Tipu Sultan, the town was used by the Mysore army as the storeroom or battery for its ammunition and used a 13th century Ganapathi Temple located here as a battery.[3][4] Thus the town known as "Sultan's Battery" in British records later got to be called as "Sultan Bathery".
The recorded history of Sultan Bathery, commensurate with that of Wayanad, begins in the 10th century. In 930 AD, Emperor Erayappa of the Ganga dynasty led his troops to what would later become the district in the south-west of Mysore and, after conquering it, called it Bayalnad, meaning the land of swamps.[citation needed] After Erayappa died, his sons Rachamalla and Battunga fought each other for the new kingdom of their father's legacy. Rachamalla was killed and Battunga became the undisputed ruler of Bayalnad.[citation needed]
In the 12th century AD, the Gangas were dethroned by the Kadamba dynasty of North Canara.[5] In 1104 AD, Vishnuvardhana of Hoysala invaded Bayalnad followed by the Vijayanagara dynasty in the 16th century. In 1610 AD, Udaiyar Raja Wadiyar of Mysore drove out Vijayanagara and became the ruler of Bayalnad and the Nilgiris. When Wayanad was under Hyder Ali's rule, the ghat road from Vythiri to Thamarassery was constructed.[6] Later, the British rulers developed this route into Carter Road.[7]
British rule began at the start of the 19th Century after the East India Company seized Wayanad from the hands of Pazhassi Raja and administered the district until it was superseded by the British Raj in 1858. Until 1947, Wayanad was under the rule of the Malabar collector. History has it that Wayanad has a rich folk culture that gave way to the British domination of Wayanad. The British named the village Sultan's Battery, which in later history means the Sultan's Armory.[citation needed]
The Edakkal Caves have evidence of the existence of a Neolithic civilisation in Wayanad. According to H. S. Graeme, the Thalassery Sub-Collector T. H. Balan was the first to start a revenue settlement in Wayanad.[citation needed] For administrative convenience, the area was divided into Munnadu, Muthoornadu, Ilangkornadu, Nallurnadu, Edanashankur, Poronnur, Kurumbala, Wayanad, Nambikkoli and Ganapathivattam (Ganapati). The importance and relevance of Ganapati has been mentioned often in the reports. History records that Sultan Bathery later became the place of Ganapati on the roadside during the battle of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan.[citation needed]
Ganapati grew as the medieval cities flourished, the four-way street, the main highway, and the center of worship. In 1934, the Kidanganad Panchayat was established. From the administration of the Malabar District Board, Ganapati became the administrative centre of the Kidanganad panchayat. The Niluppuzha Panchayat was formed in 1968 by the division of Kidanganad Panchayat, Nenmeni Panchayat in 1974 and Sultanbathery Panchayat in 1968.[citation needed]
New places of worship and educational institutions have emerged in different parts of the panchayat with the support of Hindu, Muslim and Christian communities. The Ganapati Temple, the Jain Temple and the Malankara Mosque are examples of the ancient history of Sultan Bathery.[citation needed] There is evidence that Sultan Bathery and other parts of Wayanad had been in contact through Tamil, Karnataka and Kodagu villages since medieval times.[citation needed]
Sultan Bathery is located at 11°40′N 76°17′E / 11.67°N 76.28°E / 11.67; 76.28,[8] on the Kozhikode–Kollegal National Highway (NH 766) 97 kilometers from Kozhikode. It is 114 km from Mysore[9] and about 100 km from Ooty (Udagamandalam). It is also connected with Nilambur. It has an average elevation of 907 m (2,976 ft).[citation needed]
Sultan Bathery has a humid climate. The mean average rainfall in this area is 2,322 mm. Lakkidi, Vythiri and Meppadi are the high rainfall areas in Wayanad. The annual rainfall in these areas ranges from 3,000 to 4,000 mm. High-velocity winds are common during the southwest monsoon season and dry winds blow in March and April. High altitude regions experience severe cold. In Wayanad (Ambalavayal) the mean maximum and minimum temperature for the last five years[when?] were 29 °C and 18 °C respectively. This place experiences high relative humidity, which can rise to 95 per cent during the southwest monsoon period. Generally the year is classified into four seasons, namely, the cold weather (December–February), hot weather (March–May), southwest monsoon (June–September), and northeast monsoon (October–November) seasons.
Climate data for Sultan Bathery, Kerala
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
26.3
(79.3)
28.3
(82.9)
30.0
(86.0)
30.1
(86.2)
29.1
(84.4)
25.7
(78.3)
24.2
(75.6)
24.8
(76.6)
25.7
(78.3)
26.1
(79.0)
25.8
(78.4)
25.7
(78.3)
26.8
(80.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
15.6
(60.1)
16.8
(62.2)
18.5
(65.3)
19.9
(67.8)
20.1
(68.2)
19.1
(66.4)
18.8
(65.8)
18.7
(65.7)
18.5
(65.3)
18.6
(65.5)
17.6
(63.7)
16.1
(61.0)
18.2
(64.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
3
(0.1)
8
(0.3)
14
(0.6)
89
(3.5)
171
(6.7)
451
(17.8)
903
(35.6)
497
(19.6)
225
(8.9)
220
(8.7)
79
(3.1)
21
(0.8)
2,681
(105.7)
Source: Climate-Data.org[10]
In ancient times, the region was home to the native tribes of Chettiars, Paniyar, Kurumar and Urali Nayakkar. Although there are many ethnic groups among the people, their main occupation is agriculture. The panchayath has 26 temples, 15 churches and 15 mosques. Sultan Bathery has a Jain temple that is about 2,000 years old. The center, which is in the possession of the Department of Archeology, has no festivals other than temple rituals. The festival at Sultan Bathery Mariamman Kovil is one of the festivals celebrated here. It is considered to be the national festival of Bathery. Similar festivals are celebrated in the Bathery Mahaganapathi Temple, Kuppadi Devi Temple and Karivallikkunnu Temple.[11]
There are many government and private schools offering education. Compared to other districts of Kerala, institutions offering higher education are limited in Wayanad.[15] One of the oldest colleges in WayanadisSt Mary's College, Sulthan Bathery, established in 1965.[16] This arts and science college is affiliated with the University of Calicut.
Sultan Bathery has very good road connectivity with south Indian states. The major road is NH 766 which connects to Mysore, Bangalore and Kozhikode, two state highways connected to Ooty and Coimbatore and a state highway connected to Mangalore, Kannur, Thalassery and Kasaragod. Sultan Bathery is the biggest transport hub of Wayanad district. It is located near the border with the Karnataka state.[citation needed]
There is a major Kerala Transport Depot in Sultan Bathery. Most of the long-distance buses to Kozhikode, Ooty and Bangalore start from this depot. The town also has two smaller bus stations for local travellers. The Periya ghat road connects Mananthavady to Kannur and Thalassery. The Thamarassery mountain road connects Calicut with Kalpetta. The Kuttiady mountain road connects Vatakara with Kalpetta and Mananthavady. The Palchuram mountain road connects Kannur and Iritty with Mananthavady. The road from Nilambur to Ooty is also connected to Wayanad through the village of Meppadi.[17]
The nearest railway stations are at Mysore and Calicut. The nearest airports are at Mysore, Calicut and Kannur.[citation needed]
The Sultan Bathery assembly constituency is part of the Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency. Its member of parliament is Rahul Gandhi of the Indian National Congress (INC) party,[18] and the MLAisI. C. Balakrishnan (INC).
The Sultan Bathery Municipality has been governed by the Left Democratic Front (LDF) since 2015.
Since its establishment in 1962, the Bathery panchayat (council) has mainly been held by the INC-led United Democratic Front (UDF). P. C. Ahmed Haji of the Indian Union Muslim League was the first president and held office for three decades. The LDF was in power for only eight months in 2005 with the help of the Democratic Indira Congress (Kerala) party. The president was CK Sahadevan who later became the first chairman when it was converted to a municipality in 2015.[citation needed]
Source: [citation needed]
Sultan Bathery Municipality Chairperson list
No:
Name
Party
Year
Division
1
C. K. Sahadevan
18 November 2015–03/04/2018
1st
Beenachi
2
T. L. Sabu
26 April 2018–11 November 2020
Kattayad
3
T. K. Ramesh
28 December 2020–incumbent
2nd
Dottappankulam
Source: [19]
Election
Niyama Sabha
Member
Party
Tenure
5th
K. Raghavan Master
1977–1980
6th
K. K. Ramachandran Master
1980–1982
7th
1982–1987
8th
1987–1991
9th
1991–1996
10th
1996–2001
11th
2001–2006
12th
2006–2011
13th
2011–2016
14th
2016–2021
15th
2021–2026
Source: [citation needed]
Sultan Bathery Municipality Vice Chairperson list
No:
Name
Party
Year
Division
1
Jisha Shaji
CPI(M)
18/11/2015–11 November 2020
1st
Kuppady
2
Elsy Paulose
CPI(M)
28/12/2020–incumbent
2nd
Sultan Bathery
Source: [citation needed]
Sultan Bathery Grama Panchayat President List
No:
Name
Party
Year
1
P. C. Ahamad Haji
IUML
2
Special Officer
–
1979–1980
3
P. C. Ahamad Haji
IUML
1980–1985
4
Special Officer
–
1985-1988
5
P. C. Ahamad Haji
IUML
1988-1995
6
P. C. Ahamad Haji
IUML
1995-1998
7
N. M. Vijayan
INC
1998-2000
8
Nafeeza Ahamad koya
IUML
2000–2005
9
C. K. Sahadevan
CPI(M)
2005–2006
10
Babu Pazhupathoor
INC
2006-2006
11
Radha Raveendran
INC
2006–2009
12
O. M. George
INC
2009–2010
13
P. P. Ayyoob
IUML
2010–2012
14
O. M. George
INC
2012–2015
History
Founded
2015 (2015)
Leadership
T. K. Ramesh
Secretary
K. M. Sainudheen
Structure
Political groups
LDF (24)
UDF (11)
Website
Governing Council
Position
Name
Party
Division
Chairperson
T. K. Ramesh
CPI(M)
Dottappankulam
Deputy Chairperson
Elsy Paulose
CPI(M)
Sultan Bathery
Standing Committee
Chairperson
Party
Division
Finance
Elsy Paulose
CPI(M)
Sultan Bathery
Development
Lisha Teacher
CPI(M)
Kidangil
Welfare
C. K. Sahadevan
CPI(M)
Manthamkolly
Health
Shamila Junaise
Independent (LDF)
Manichira
Public Works
K Rasheed
CPI(M)
Kuppady
Education, Arts & Sports
Tom Jose
Kerala Congress (M)
Manthandikunnu
Councillors
Division number
Division name
Member
Role
Party
Category
1
Aram mile
Girija Chandran
Councillor
IUML
ST Woman
2
Chethalayam
A. R. Jayakrishnan
Councillor
CPI(M)
General
3
Chenad
Nisha P. R.
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
4
Vengur North
Bindhu Ravi
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
5
Odappallam
Priya Vinod
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
6
Vengur South
Sheeba Chacko
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
7
Pazhery
Radakrishnan
Councillor
CPI(M)
ST
8
Karuvallikunnu
Valsa Jose
Councillor
INC
Woman
9
Armad
Samshad P
Councillor
Independent (UDF)
General
10
Kottakunnu
P. K. Sumathi
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
11
Kidangil
Lisha Teacher
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
12
Kuppady
K Rasheed
Councillor
CPI(M)
General
13
Thirunelly
Saly Paulose
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
14
Manthandikunnu
Tom Jose
Councillor
Kerala Congress (M)
General
15
Sathramkunnu
Prajitha Ravi
Councillor
INC
Woman
16
Cheroorkunnu
Radha Raveendran
Councillor
INC
Woman
17
Palakkara
Pramod K. S.
Councillor
CPI(M)
SC
18
Thelambatta
Hema C
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
19
Thoduvatty
Asees Madala
Councillor
INC
General
20
Kaipanchery
Jamsheer Ali
Councillor
CPI(M)
General
21
Maithanikunnu
Babu M. C.
Councillor
CPI(M)
General
22
Fairland
Shameer Madathil
Councillor
Independent (LDF)
General
23
Kattayad
Nisha Sabu
Councillor
Independent
Woman
24
Sultan Bathery
Elsy Paulose
Deputy Chairperson
CPI(M)
General
25
Pallikandi
Harif A. C.
Councillor
IUML
General
26
Manichira
Shamila Junaise
Councillor
Independent (LDF)
Woman
27
Kalluvayal
Salim Madathil
Councillor
CPI(M)
General
28
Poomala
Bindhu Saji
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
29
Dottappankulam
T. K. Ramesh
Chairperson
CPI(M)
ST
30
Beenachi
Bindhu Pramod
Councillor
CPI(M)
Woman
31
Poothikadu
K. C. Yohannan
Councillor
CPI(M)
General
32
Cheenapullu
Radha Babu
Councillor
IUML
ST Woman
33
Manthamkolly
C. K. Sahadevan
Councillor
CPI(M)
General
34
Pazhupathur
Mercy Teacher
Councillor
INC
Woman
35
Kaivattamoola
Shoukath Kallikudan
Councillor
Independent (UDF)
General
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