Susan Elise Riechert (born October 20, 1945)[1] is an American behavioral ecologist known for her research in evolutionary biology, evolutionary game theory and the behavior of spiders.[2] She is also known for her "biology in a box" teaching materials, used by hundreds of thousands of elementary and secondary school students in Tennessee.[3]
Riechert lost much of her hearing through scarlet fever as a child.[5] Her interest in spider behavior began through a field zoology class at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.[8] After nearly drowning trying to catch fish for the class, she switched to a subject that was safer to catch, spiders.[5] Her interest was further piqued after she observed a large population of spiders exhibiting territorial behaviors that only vertebrates were thought to be capable of at the time.[9] Research that she conducted based on this interest would lead to her to publish her "seminal work","Games Spiders Play," in 1978.[9][1]
Knox News described Riechert as "something of a pioneer - one of the first women to enter her field as an independent researcher."[9]
Of particular note is the fact that several of her studies were focused on the effect that variations in a species had on the behavior of its members. In 1988, she and Peter Hammerstein conducted a study that led her to hypothesize that riparian populations of Agelenopsis aperta could not fully adapt to their new environs because of gene flow from non-riparian populations of the species that lived nearby.[10] In 1989, Riechert co-authored a paper titled "Genetically-based variation between two spider populations in foraging behavior," in which she and fellow arachnologist Ann Hendrick discussed how genetic differences in the population of one species can have an impact on the way they search for food.[11]
Members of the genus Agelenopsis (American grass spiders) featured prominently in Riechert's work, particularly the species Agelenopsis Aperta.[12]: 190–191 [11][13] Riechert's focus as a behavioral arachnologist led her to examine both the genetic and non-genetic reasons behind these spiders' behaviors in various areas, such as feeding, maturation, and mating.[12]: 20–24 The genus was, in fact, the topic of "Games Spiders Play," a landmark contribution by Riechert to behavioral arachnology.[9][13] Riechert demonstrated that the aforementioned spiders engaged in territorial disputes similar to those seen in much larger creatures.[14][13] Most spiders are not social animals, so this behavior was unexpected at the time.[9][13] Riechert's analysis would cement her place in the behavioral arachnology community.[9]
The Animal Behavior Society elected Riechert as a fellow in 1993.[15] In 2008, Riechert was named a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, "for distinguished contributions to the field of behavior and ecology".[16] She won the Southeastern Conference Faculty Achievement Award for 2016.[17] The Animal Behavior Society gave Riechert their 2018 Penny Bernstein Distinguished Teaching Award.[18]Afestschrift symposium, sponsored by the Animal Behavior Society, was held in her honor in 2020.[19]
Jonathan Pruitt achieved a PhD with Riechert as his advisor and was able to attain prestigious positions in academia despite his youth thanks to his acclaimed publications. However, the validity and truthfulness of his research data was called into question in 2020. Since then, many of the papers Pruitt co-authored based on his data have been retracted, others called into question, and papers from other authors which cited Pruitt's compromised papers have had to have been corrected and updated. In November 2021, University of Tennessee Knoxville removed Pruitt's dissertation from its library.[20][21] Riechert said she was "devastated" by the news, but added that if Pruitt had truly falsified data, he had to "pay the price".[22]
Riechert, SE; Bishop, L (1990). "Prey control by an assemblage of generalist predators: spiders in garden test systems". Ecology. 71 (4): 1441–1450. doi:10.2307/1938281. JSTOR1938281.
^Witt, Peter N.; Rovner, Jerome S. (1982). Spider communication : mechanisms and ecological significance. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN9780691614533.
^"Fellows". Animal Behavior Society. Retrieved December 21, 2020.
