The Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA, formerly TIAA-CREF) is an American financial services organization that is a private provider of financial retirement services in the academic, research, medical, cultural and governmental fields. TIAA is listed on the Fortune 100 and serves over 5 million active and retired employees participating at more than 15,000 institutions and has $1 trillion in combined assets under management with holdings in more than 50 countries (as of December 31, 2017[update]).[3]
Long organized as a tax-exempt non-profit organization, a 1997 tax bill removed TIAA's tax exemption.[7] It is now organized as a non-profit organization, the TIAA Board of Governors,[8] with taxable subsidiaries; all profits are returned to policyholders.[citation needed]
TIAA bought its Manhattan headquarters building, 730 Third Avenue, in 1955.[9][10] It has major offices in Denver, Colorado; Charlotte, North Carolina; and Dallas, Texas; as well as 70 local offices throughout the U.S. In 2018, TIAA ranked 84th on Fortune's list of the 500 largest corporations in America.[11] As of 2017[update], TIAA is the largest global investor in agriculture, the second-largest grower of wine grapes in the United States (by acreage), and the third-largest commercial real estate manager in the world.[3]
In 1918, Andrew Carnegie and his Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, under the leadership of Henry S. Pritchett, created the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America (TIAA), a fully funded system of pensions for professors. Funding was provided by a combination of grants from the foundation and Carnegie Corporation of New York, as well as ongoing contributions from participating institutions and individuals.[12][unreliable source] The policyholders voted in 1921 to implement policyholder representation on the TIAA board so that educators would have a role in running the organization.[13][14]
TIAA's namesake and signature investment/insurance product is the TIAA Traditional, which offers a contractually guaranteed return on principal and, at the discretion of the board of trustees on a periodic basis, additional profit/dividend interest over and above the guaranteed return. From the relatively illiquid and stable, long-term investments of its general account, TIAA has been able to consistently add some dividends to TIAA Traditional contributions since 1948.[15]
In 1952, TIAA created the College Retirement Equities Fund (CREF) a variable annuity, in order to diversify its retirement funds.[16]
In 1995, TIAA introduced the TIAA Real Estate account, also a variable annuity, but more stable than equity investments and more flexible than TIAA Traditional.[15]
On June 15, 2007, TIAA became one of the first U.S. companies to voluntarily adopt, and the first to implement, a policyholder advisory vote on executive compensation policy.[citation needed]
On February 22, 2016, TIAA-CREF rebranded as simply TIAA as part of a new marketing and imaging campaign. CMO Connie Weaver explained that the old name was perceived by customers as being complicated, and that the new branding scheme was meant to portray a simpler and friendlier image of the organization.[17][18]
As of February 2018[update], TIAA was providing parental leave irrespective of the parent's gender.[19]
In May 2021, TIAA announced its net zero by 2050 commitment for the General Account.[20] In 2022, TIAA’s annual climate report, “Ensuring Our Future,”[21] stated that TIAA views climate risk as investment risk. A November 2022 report from the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA) asserts that TIAA’s failure to divest its fossil fuel holdings to clear its portfolio of financial and environmental risk is strategically unsound.[22]
On October 19, 2022, nearly 300 TIAA clients filed a complaint with the UN-supported Principles for Responsible Investment initiative (PRI), asking PRI to remove TIAA from its list of sustainable investors.[23] TIAA is one of the world’s largest fossil fuel investors,[24] pouring at least $78 billion[25] into coal, oil and gas industries. After the top two coal investors Vanguard and BlackRock, TIAA is the fifth largest holder of coal bonds worldwide with $6.7 billion invested in companies that mine, transport, and burn coal for energy.[26] PRI agreed to review the complaint but dismissed it after internal review.
In March of 2024, TIAA clients and university student activists published their response[27][28][29] to TIAA sponsoring the Big10 while utilizing harmful investing practices.[30] Clients stated land grabs,[31] the spraying of toxic chemicals, and fossil fuel investments are contributing to the climate crisis.
2013: purchased a 50% stake in the Grand Canal Shoppes, including the Shoppes at the Palazzo, in Las Vegas, Nevada, for net proceeds of US$410 million as part of a new joint venture with General Growth Properties. GGP will continue to oversee the asset management of the project.[33]
2014: announced that it would acquire Nuveen Investments in a deal valued at $6.25 billion.[34]
2016: announced deal to buy EverBank Financial Corp. for $2.5 billion in cash;[35] completed June 12, 2017. The combined bank's legal entity name is TIAA, FSB.[36]
Nearly a year after the acquisition of EverBank, TIAA began rebranding all of its banking activities under the TIAA Bank name on June 4, 2018.[37] In November 2022, TIAA announced plans to sell TIAA Bank to private investors. TIAA Bank changed its name back to EverBank when the transaction was completed.[38]
US$1.3 trillion (2020)[3]
16,533 (2020)[6]
